考虑一个名为＆＃34; nett＆＃34;的文本文件。具有以下内容：
admin@(none):/tmp/home/root# cat nett
BSSID: 00:22:07:29:D4:23 RSSI: -71 dBm Band: 2.4GHz Channel: 1 802.11: b/g/n SSID: Inteno_24 noise: -70
BSSID: 00:19:77:12:97:94 RSSI: -54 dBm Band: 2.4GHz Channel: 1 802.11: b/g/n SSID: AK-Gjester noise: -70
BSSID: 00:19:77:12:97:95 RSSI: -55 dBm Band: 2.4GHz Channel: 1 802.11: b/g/n SSID: AK-Ansatt noise: -70
BSSID: 02:26:16:B2:37:AD RSSI: -73 dBm Band: 2.4GHz Channel: 6 802.11: b/g SSID: Trimble Service (5132555899) noise: -87
BSSID: FA:8F:CA:88:F9:8E RSSI: -45 dBm Band: 2.4GHz Channel: 6 802.11: b/g/n SSID: Chromecast6286 noise: -87
BSSID: 00:22:07:3F:67:6B RSSI: -86 dBm Band: 2.4GHz Channel: 13 802.11: b/g/n SSID: Inteno-676C noise: -87
我正在尝试使用awk将此文件中的格式化数据打印到终端。这是一个更长的脚本的一部分。以下脚本说明了我需要解决的问题：
#!/bin/sh
awk ' \
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/SSID:/)printf "%s%s", "BSSID: " $(i+1)} \
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/Channel:/)printf "%s%s\n", "Kanal: " $(i+1)}' nett
第二行与频道：正常工作，awk循环通过一行一个字一次搜索＆＃34;频道：＆＃34;单词然后用一些自定义文本打印下一个单词。一行中可能存在可变数量的列，因此在这种情况下，定位特定列并不总是有效。
然而，真正的问题是第一行。这里有两个问题需要解决：
1：既然有一个单词＆＃34; BSSID＆＃34;和＆＃34; SSID＆＃34;那么搜索模式需要准确。目前两者都是＆＃34; BSSID＆＃34;和＆＃34; SSID＆＃34;匹配。
2：我需要打印的文本在这种情况下可能不止一个单词，如第四行所示：
BSSID: 02:26:16:B2:37:AD RSSI: -73 dBm Band: 2.4GHz Channel: 6 802.11: b/g SSID: Trimble Service (5132555899) noise: -87
这里我需要awk在SSID：和noise之间找到多个单词：并打印所有单词。
在脚本的当前状态下，我得到输出：
BSSID: 02:26:16:B2:37:ADBSSID: TrimbleKanal: 6
由于awk将正确处理输出的其余部分，因此非常感谢纯awk解决方案。请注意，输出在正确的位置缺少间距，这是为了使问题尽可能紧凑和可见。
祝你好运！
答案 0 :(得分：3)
使用compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:8.3.0'
捕获组：
gawk逐列：
$ gawk 'match($0,/^BSSID:\s+(\S+).*Channel:\s+(\S).*SSID:\s+(.*noise:\s+\S+)/,a)\
{print a[1],a[3],a[2]}' nett
注意 $ gawk 'match($0,/BSSID:\s+(\S+)/,a){printf(a[1]" ")}
match($0,/\s+SSID:\s+(.*noise:\s+\S+)/,a){printf a[1]" "}
match($0,/\s+Channel:\s+(\S+)/,a){printf a[1]"\n"}' nett
将捕获\s+SSID:\s+(.*noise:\s+\S+)和SSID列之间的所有内容。
<强>结果
noise检查00:22:07:29:D4:23 Inteno_24 noise: -70 1
00:19:77:12:97:94 AK-Gjester noise: -70 1
00:19:77:12:97:95 AK-Ansatt noise: -70 1
02:26:16:B2:37:AD Trimble Service (5132555899) noise: -87 6
FA:8F:CA:88:F9:8E Chromecast6286 noise: -87 6
00:22:07:3F:67:6B Inteno-676C noise: -87 1
documentation。
答案 1 :(得分：3)
根据您发布的答案，以下是从您的问题中实现awk部分的合理方法（以及答案中的shell print '\n'）：
$ cat tst.sh
awk '
BEGIN { FS=": +" }
{
for (i=1;i<=NF;i++) {
value = $i; sub(/ +[^ ]+$/,"",value)
n2v[name] = value
name = $i; sub(/.* /,"",name)
}
printf "SSID: %-32s", n2v["SSID"]
printf "BSSID: %-20s", n2v["BSSID"]
printf "RSSI: %s, ", n2v["RSSI"]
printf "noise: %s dBm ", n2v["noise"]
printf "Kanal: %-2s\n", n2v["Channel"]
}
END { print "" }
' nett
$ ./tst.sh
SSID: Inteno_24 BSSID: 00:22:07:29:D4:23 RSSI: -71 dBm, noise: -70 dBm Kanal: 1
SSID: AK-Gjester BSSID: 00:19:77:12:97:94 RSSI: -54 dBm, noise: -70 dBm Kanal: 1
SSID: AK-Ansatt BSSID: 00:19:77:12:97:95 RSSI: -55 dBm, noise: -70 dBm Kanal: 1
SSID: Trimble Service (5132555899) BSSID: 02:26:16:B2:37:AD RSSI: -73 dBm, noise: -87 dBm Kanal: 6
SSID: Chromecast6286 BSSID: FA:8F:CA:88:F9:8E RSSI: -45 dBm, noise: -87 dBm Kanal: 6
SSID: Inteno-676C BSSID: 00:22:07:3F:67:6B RSSI: -86 dBm, noise: -87 dBm Kanal: 13
$
以上内容适用于任何操作系统中的任何awk。
答案 2 :(得分：2)
您可以使用一些字符索引数学来提取第1行问题中SSID和噪声之间的字，并分别匹配SSID和BSSID。丑陋但它的作用： - /
#!/bin/sh
awk ' \
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/BSSID:/)printf "BSSID%s", $(i+1)}
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/^SSID:/){ s=index($0," SSID");e=index($0," noise"); printf "SSID:%s", substr($0,s+5,e-(s+6))}} \
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/Channel:/)printf "%s%s\n", "Kanal: ", $(i+1)}' nett
获取此输出
BSSID:: Inteno_24Kanal: 1
BSSID00:19:77:12:97:94BSSID:: AK-GjesterKanal: 1
BSSID00:19:77:12:97:95BSSID:: AK-AnsattKanal: 1
BSSID02:26:16:B2:37:ADBSSID:: Trimble Service (5132555899)Kanal: 6
BSSIDFA:8F:CA:88:F9:8EBSSID:: Chromecast6286Kanal: 6
BSSID00:22:07:3F:67:6BBSSID:: Inteno-676CKanal: 13
答案 3 :(得分：1)
gawk的
awk 'function w(m){match($0,"\\<"m": ([^ ]*) ",a);return a[1]}{print w("BSSID"),w("SSID"),w("Channel")}' file
00:22:07:29:D4:23 Inteno_24 1
00:19:77:12:97:94 AK-Gjester 1
00:19:77:12:97:95 AK-Ansatt 1
02:26:16:B2:37:AD Trimble 6
FA:8F:CA:88:F9:8E Chromecast6286 6
00:22:07:3F:67:6B Inteno-676C 13
答案 4 :(得分：1)
以下是我的最终结果:(所有评论，变量和文件名均为挪威语）。可以通过搜索＆＃34; #Presenter nabonettverk＆＃34;
来查找此特定解决方案#!/bin/sh
# Sletter eventuelle eldre filer
if [ -e linje ] ; then rm linje ; fi
if [ -e temp_assoc ] ; then rm temp_assoc ; fi
if [ -e temp_assoc_dhcp ] ; then rm temp_assoc_dhcp ; fi
if [ -e temp_assoc_static ] ; then rm temp_assoc_static ; fi
if [ -e bssid ] ; then rm bssid ; fi
if [ -e noise ] ; then rm noise ; fi
if [ -e temp_mac ] ; then rm temp_mac ; fi
if [ -e temp_mac2 ] ; then rm temp_mac2 ; fi
if [ -e kabel_dhcp ] ; then rm kabel_dhcp ; fi
if [ -e kabel_statisk ] ; then rm kabel_statisk ; fi
# Presenter linjedata
clear
cat /etc/banner | grep STY
printf '%-72s\n' "============================== LINJE ============================="
adsl info --stats | grep -m 1 -B 1 -i "Bearer:" > linje
adsl info --stats | grep -i mode -m 1 >> linje
adsl info --stats | grep -w -A 3 -i down >> linje
adsl info --stats | grep -m 1 -i hec >> linje
adsl info --stats | grep -A 2 -i "total time" >> linje
adsl info --stats | grep -A 2 -i since >> linje
cat linje
rm linje
# Presenter tilkoblinger
printf '\n%91s\n' "=================================== TILKOBLINGER =========================================="
printf '%-13s\t%-6s%-6s\t%-6s%-6s\t%-6s%-6s\t%-6s%-6s\t%-6s%-6s\n' \
"Grensesnitt:" \
"WLAN:" \
"$(if [ "$(cat /sys/class/net/wl0/operstate)" == "unknown" ] ; then printf '%s' "aktiv" ; fi)" \
"LAN1:" \
"$(if [ "$(cat /sys/class/net/eth4/operstate)" == "up" ] ; then printf '%s' "aktiv" ; else printf '%s' "av" ; fi)" \
"LAN2:" \
"$(if [ "$(cat /sys/class/net/eth3/operstate)" == "up" ] ; then printf '%s' "aktiv" ; else printf '%s' "av" ; fi)" \
"LAN3:" \
"$(if [ "$(cat /sys/class/net/eth2/operstate)" == "up" ] ; then printf '%s' "aktiv" ; else printf '%s' "av" ; fi)" \
"LAN4:" \
"$(if [ "$(cat /sys/class/net/eth1/operstate)" == "up" ] ; then printf '%s' "aktiv" ; else printf '%s' "av" ; fi)"
# Finn antall og type enheter
total=$(brctl showmacs br-lan | grep -v 00:22:07 | grep -v 02:22:07 | tail +2 | wc -l)
wlan=$(wlctl assoclistinfo | tail -n +3 | awk '{print $2}' | wc -l)
kabel=$(( $total-$wlan ))
# Presenter enheter
printf '%-30s\t%-8s%-3s\t%-6s%-3s\t%-8s%-3s\n\n' "Aktive nettverkstilkoblinger:" "Totalt:" "$total" "WLAN:" "$wlan" "Kablet:" "$kabel"
total=
# Dersom trådløs er aktivert
if [ "$(cat /sys/class/net/wl0/operstate)" == "unknown" ]
then
# Hent alle trådløse enheters MAC-adresse
wlctl assoclistinfo | tail -n +3 | awk '{print $2}' > temp_assoc
printf '%s\n' "================================================= WIRELESS =================================================="
# Antennehastighet
wlctl rate > wlrate
# Hent modemets ssid, bakgrunnsstøy og kanal. Presenter resultat.
wlctl status | grep -B 1 -i mode | awk 'NR%2{printf $0" ";next;}1' | awk -F'"' '{print $2}' >> modem_ssid
wlctl status | grep -B 1 -i mode | awk 'NR%2{printf $1" ";next;}1' | awk {'print " Bakgrunnstoy(noise): " $11"dBm, kanal " $14'} >> modem_ssid2
printf '%-6s%-32s%-18s%-9s%s\n' "SSID: " "$(cat modem_ssid)" "Antennehastighet: " "$(cat wlrate)" "$(cat modem_ssid2)"
rm modem_ssid modem_ssid2 wlrate
# Hent andre trådløse nettverk og skriv til bssid (fil) og bakgrunnsstøy til noise (fil) dersom dette finnes
if [ -n "$(wlctl scanresults_summary)" ]
then
wlctl scanresults_summary >> bssid
wlctl scanresults | grep -B 1 -i mode | sed '/^--$/d' | awk 'NR%2{printf $1" ";next;}1' | awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/noise:/)print $(i+1)}' >> noise
else
printf '\n'
# /if [ -n "$(wlctl scanresults_summary)" ]
fi
# List opp nabonettverk. Dersom bssid (fil) finnes, så finnes også noise (fil)
if [ -e bssid ]
then
printf '%s\n' "Andre nettverk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
# Flett sammen bssid (fil) og noise (fil) til nett (fil)
exec 6<noise
while read -r line ; do
read -r f2line <&6
echo $line " noise: "$f2line >> nett
done < bssid
exec 6<&-
rm bssid noise
# Presenter nabonettverk
awk ' \
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/^SSID:/){ s=index($0," SSID");e=index($0," noise"); printf "SSID%-34s", substr($0,s+5,e-(s+6))}} \
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/BSSID:/)printf "BSSID: %-20s", $(i+1)} \
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/RSSI:/)printf "RSSI: %s dBm, ", $(i+1)} \
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/noise:/)printf "noise: %s dBm ", $(i+1)} \
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++)if($i~/Channel:/)printf "%-7s%-2s\n", "Kanal: ", $(i+1)}' nett
printf '\n'
rm nett
# /if [ -e bssid ]
fi
# Sorter wifi enheter i dhcp og statisk liste
while read enhet; do
if [ -z "$(grep -i $enhet /tmp/dhcp.leases)" ]
then
printf '%s\n' "$enhet" >> temp_assoc_static
else
printf '%s\n' "$enhet" >> temp_assoc_dhcp
fi
done < temp_assoc
rm temp_assoc
# Dersom trådløse maskiner finnes i DHCP-tabellen presenteres disse som dynamisk satte klienter
if [ -e temp_assoc_dhcp ]
then
printf '%s\n' "Klienter (DHCP)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
while read enhet; do
printf '%-6s%-32s%-5s%-19s%-4s%-16s%-20s%-4s%-3s\n' \
"Navn: " \
"$(cat /tmp/dhcp.leases | grep -i $enhet | awk {'printf $4'})" \
"MAC: " \
"$(cat /tmp/dhcp.leases | grep -i $enhet | awk {'printf $2'})" \
"IP: " \
"$(cat /tmp/dhcp.leases | grep -i $enhet | awk {'printf $3'})" \
"Signalstyrke(RSSI):" \
"$(wlctl rssi $enhet)" \
"dBm"
done < temp_assoc_dhcp
rm temp_assoc_dhcp
fi
# Dersom trådløse maskiner ikke finnes i DHCP-tabellen presenteres disse som statisk satte klienter
if [ -e temp_assoc_static ]
then
printf '%s\n' "Klienter (Statisk) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
while read enhet; do
printf '%-38s%-5s%-19s%-4s%-16s%-20s%-4s%-3s\n' \
"Statisk (navn ikke synlig)" \
"MAC:" \
"$enhet" \
"IP:" \
"$(grep -i $enhet /proc/net/arp | awk '{print $1}')" \
"Signalstyrke(RSSI):" \
"$(wlctl rssi $enhet)" \
"dBm"
done < temp_assoc_static
rm temp_assoc_static
fi
# /if [ "$(cat /sys/class/net/wl0/operstate)" == "unknown" ]
fi
# Dersom minst en kablet maskin eksisterer
if [ "$kabel" -gt 0 ]
then
# Hent alle MAC-adresser tilkoblet
brctl showmacs br-lan | grep -v 00:22:07 | grep -v 02:22:07 | tail -n +2 | awk '{print $2}' > temp_mac
# Dersom minst en trådløs maskin
if [ "$wlan" -gt 0 ]
then
wlctl assoclistinfo | tail -n +3 | awk '{print $2}' > temp_assoc
# Fjern alle trådløse MAC fra den generelle listen
while read enhet ; do
if [ -z "$(grep -i $enhet temp_assoc)" ]
then
printf '%s\n' "$enhet" >> temp_mac2
fi
done < temp_mac
rm temp_mac
rm temp_assoc
# /if [ "$wlan" -gt 0 ]
fi
# Dersom ingen trådløse klienter bruker vi opprinnelig MAC liste
if ! [ -e temp_mac2 ]
then
mv temp_mac temp_mac2
fi
# Sorter kablede enheter i dhcp og statisk liste
while read enhet; do
if [ -z "$(grep -i $enhet /tmp/dhcp.leases)" ]
then
printf '%s\n' "$enhet" >> kabel_statisk
else
printf '%s\n' "$enhet" >> kabel_dhcp
fi
done < temp_mac2
rm temp_mac2
# Har nå enten liste over dynamisk tildelte klienter eller statisk satte klienter eller begge deler
printf '%-110s\n' "================================================== KABEL ==================================================="
# Presenter kablede dynamiske klienter
if [ -e kabel_dhcp ]
then
printf '%s\n' "Klienter (DHCP)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
while read enhet ; do
printf '%-6s%-32s%-5s%-19s%-4s%-16s\n' \
"Navn: " \
"$(cat /tmp/dhcp.leases | grep -i $enhet | awk {'printf $4'})" \
"MAC: " \
"""$(cat /tmp/dhcp.leases | grep -i $enhet | awk {'printf $2'})" \
"IP: " \
"$(cat /tmp/dhcp.leases | grep -i $enhet | awk {'printf $3'})"
done < kabel_dhcp
rm kabel_dhcp
# /if [ -e kabel_dhcp ]
fi
# Presenter kablede statiske klienter
if [ -e kabel_statisk ]
then
printf '%s\n' "Klienter (Statisk) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------"
while read enhet ; do
printf '%-38s%-5s%-19s%-4s%-16s\n' \
"Statisk (navn ikke synlig)" \
"MAC:" \
"$enhet" \
"IP:" \
"$(grep -i $enhet /proc/net/arp | awk '{print $1}')"
done < kabel_statisk
rm kabel_statisk
# /if [ -e kabel_statisk ]
fi
# /if [ "$kabel" -gt 0 ]
fi
# Opprydding
kabel=
wlan=
printf '\n\n%s\n\n' "WIFI nettverkslisten kan oppdateres manuelt med 'wlctl scan', merk at dette tar 15 sekunder."
输出：
IOP Version: DG150-WU7P2U_STY2.4.11RC1-150127_1608
============================== LINJE =============================
Max: Upstream rate = 1277 Kbps, Downstream rate = 15388 Kbps
Bearer: 0, Upstream rate = 669 Kbps, Downstream rate = 7198 Kbps
Mode: ADSL2+ Annex B
Down Up
SNR (dB): 9.4 19.2
Attn(dB): 40.5 23.2
Pwr(dBm): 19.5 13.1
HEC: 1655 0
Total time = 49 days 16 hours 25 sec
FEC: 10300984 716
CRC: 1238 0
Since Link time = 4 days 14 hours 31 min 17 sec
FEC: 824368 212
CRC: 141 0
=================================== TILKOBLINGER ==========================================
Grensesnitt: WLAN: aktiv LAN1: av LAN2: aktiv LAN3: aktiv LAN4: aktiv
Aktive nettverkstilkoblinger: Totalt: 3 WLAN: 0 Kablet: 3
================================================= WIRELESS ==================================================
SSID: Inteno-859A Antennehastighet: 144 Mbps Bakgrunnstoy(noise): -80dBm, kanal 1
Andre nettverk ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SSID: Liverpool BSSID: 00:21:29:0C:6E:B8 RSSI: -61 dBm, noise: -78 dBm Kanal: 6
SSID: Liverpool1 BSSID: B8:A3:86:55:C2:9C RSSI: -62 dBm, noise: -78 dBm Kanal: 11
SSID: Kjetil sin Chromecast BSSID: FA:8F:CA:76:98:6A RSSI: -64 dBm, noise: -78 dBm Kanal: 11
================================================== KABEL ===================================================
Klienter (DHCP)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Navn: * MAC: 00:21:29:0c:6e:b7 IP: 192.168.1.129
Navn: DIR-655 MAC: b8:a3:86:55:c2:9d IP: 192.168.1.113
Klienter (Statisk) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Statisk (navn ikke synlig) MAC: 00:10:f3:18:c2:9f IP: 192.168.1.20
WIFI nettverkslisten kan oppdateres manuelt med 'wlctl scan', merk at dette tar 15 sekunder.
答案 5 :(得分：0)
您可以在一个循环中处理它，只需将它们分配给变量，此方法也适用于其他情况。例如，如果数据的顺序被重新排列，那么它仍将像以前一样处理多个循环。
#!/bin/sh
awk ' \
{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) {
if($i~/Channel:/)chan="Kanal: "$(i+1)
if($i~/^SSID:/)ssid="SSID: "$(i+1)
if($i~/^BSSID:/)bssid="BSSID: "$(i+1)
if($i~/^noise:/)noise="noise: "$(i+1)
if($i~/^RSSI:/)rssid="RSSI: "$(i+1)
if ((length(chan)>1) && (length(ssid)>1) && (length(bssid)>1) && (length(noise)>1) && (length(rssid)>1)) {
printf "%-30s %-24s %-10s dBm, %s\n",ssid,bssid,rssid,noise,chan
chan="";ssid="";bssid="";noise="";rssid=""
}
} }' "${1}"
Fyi：我拿了你的测试数据，然后把它自己放了20k倍。然后使用带有多个循环的解决方案进行测试，结果是：
cp awk_test.txt awk_test_tmp.txt; for i in {1..20000}; do cat awk_test_tmp.txt >> awk_test.txt; done
$> time selected_solution.awk awk_test.txt 1>/dev/random
real 0m5.944s
user 0m5.500s
sys 0m0.440s
$> time my.awk awk_test.txt 1>/dev/random
real 0m4.733s
user 0m4.382s
sys 0m0.347s