Question

我只需要你的帮助，你能不能检查我是否在SQL Server中正确地完成了外键？

我是SQL的新手，这就是为什么抱歉这个愚蠢的问题。

如果一切正常，我可以开始填充数据吗？

--CREATING EMPLOYEE TABLE
CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE(
[ID] INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, 
[FIRST_NAME] NVARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
[LAST_NAME] NVARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
[EMAIL] nvarchar(60) NOT NULL CONSTRAINT UQ_EMPLOYEE_email UNIQUE,
[PHARMACY_ID] INT NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_EMPLOYEE_ID PRIMARY KEY (ID));

--CREATING PHARMACY TABLE
CREATE TABLE PHARMACY (
[ID] INT IDENTITY(1, 1) NOT NULL, 
[NAME] NVARCHAR(25),
[ADDRESS] NVARCHAR(25) NULL,
[PHONE] nvarchar(24) NULL CHECK(PHONE like '(___)-__-___ __ __'),
[EID] [INT] NOT NULL
CONSTRAINT PK_PHARMACY_ID PRIMARY KEY (ID));

--CREATE SUPPLIERS TABLE
CREATE TABLE SUPPLIERS(
[ID] INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[NAME] NVARCHAR(25),
[ADDRESS] NVARCHAR(25) NULL,
[DRUGSID] [INT] NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_SUPPLIERS_ID PRIMARY KEY (ID));

--CREATE TABLE DRUGS
CREATE TABLE DRUGS(
[ID] INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[NAME] NVARCHAR(25),
[QUANTITY] INT NULL,
[ORDERID] [INT] NULL,
[SUPPLIERID] [INT] NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_DRUGS_ID PRIMARY KEY(ID));

--CREATEING TABLE ORDERS
CREATE TABLE ORDERS (
[ID] INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[ONAME] NVARCHAR(25) NOT NULL,
[ODATE] DATETIME,
[OQUANTITY] INT NOT NULL,
[SUPPLIERID] [INT] NOT NULL,
[DRUGID] [INT] NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT PK_ORDERS_ID PRIMARY KEY(ID));

--CREATING TABLE MANAGER TABLE 
CREATE TABLE MANAGER (
[PASSPORTNO] INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[HOURLYPAY] DECIMAL(5,2) NULL,
[LANGUAGE_SKILLS] NVARCHAR(25) NULL
CONSTRAINT PK_MANAGER_NO PRIMARY KEY (PASSPORTNO));

--CREATING TABLE SALES ASSISTANT
CREATE TABLE SALES_ASSISTANT (
[PASSPORTNO] INT IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[SALARY] DECIMAL(5,2) NULL
CONSTRAINT PK_SALES_ASSISTANT_NO PRIMARY KEY (PASSPORTNO));

-- FOREIGN KEYs CREATION
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE ADD CONSTRAINT FK_PHARMACYID FOREIGN KEY(PHARMACY_ID) 
REFERENCES PHARMACY(ID) ON DELETE CASCADE ON UPDATE CASCADE

ALTER TABLE PHARMACY ADD CONSTRAINT FK_EID FOREIGN KEY(EID) 
REFERENCES EMPLOYEE(ID) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION

ALTER TABLE SUPPLIERS ADD CONSTRAINT FK_DRUGID FOREIGN KEY(DRUGSID) 
REFERENCES DRUGS(ID) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION

ALTER TABLE DRUGS ADD CONSTRAINT FK_ORDERID FOREIGN KEY(ORDERID) 
REFERENCES ORDERS(ID) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION


ALTER TABLE DRUGS ADD CONSTRAINT FK_SUPPLIERS FOREIGN KEY(SUPPLIERID) 
REFERENCES SUPPLIERS(ID) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION


ALTER TABLE ORDERS ADD CONSTRAINT FK_SUPPLIERS_OR FOREIGN KEY(SUPPLIERID) 
REFERENCES SUPPLIERS(ID) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION

ALTER TABLE ORDERS ADD CONSTRAINT FK_DRUGID_OR FOREIGN KEY(DRUGID) 
REFERENCES DRUGS(ID) ON DELETE NO ACTION ON UPDATE NO ACTION

Answer 1

您可以检查使用此查询设置的外键

SELECT  
     KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS FK_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
    ,KCU1.TABLE_NAME AS FK_TABLE_NAME 
    ,KCU1.COLUMN_NAME AS FK_COLUMN_NAME 
    ,KCU1.ORDINAL_POSITION AS FK_ORDINAL_POSITION 
    ,KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME AS REFERENCED_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
    ,KCU2.TABLE_NAME AS REFERENCED_TABLE_NAME 
    ,KCU2.COLUMN_NAME AS REFERENCED_COLUMN_NAME 
    ,KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION AS REFERENCED_ORDINAL_POSITION 
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.REFERENTIAL_CONSTRAINTS AS RC 

INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS KCU1 
    ON KCU1.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG  
    AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA 
    AND KCU1.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.CONSTRAINT_NAME 

INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEY_COLUMN_USAGE AS KCU2 
    ON KCU2.CONSTRAINT_CATALOG = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_CATALOG  
    AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA 
    AND KCU2.CONSTRAINT_NAME = RC.UNIQUE_CONSTRAINT_NAME 
    AND KCU2.ORDINAL_POSITION = KCU1.ORDINAL_POSITION

还有一件事：始终创建脚本，以便在必要时可以运行N次。因此，要么在创建外键之前删除外键，要么仅在外键不存在时创建外键。表格也是如此（如果它们包含数据，请不要删除它们）。

此外，如果创建外键，则应检查是否存在所有引用的表，并检查引用的表是否具有主键集。

修改一个提示，快速眩光：
我会检查你是否真的需要DATETIME 如果您只需要日期，请使用日期而不是日期时间。

Answer 2

这就是你如何做FK，但数据设计看起来不正确。您没有订购药物的订单，药物指向订单。阅读3NF。供应商没有单一药物。 DrugsID可能有S但它仍然是单数。此数据设计不正确。

检查SQL中的外键，是不是？

2 个答案: