使用路由解析对Angular Controller进行单元测试，该路径解析返回带有$ resource的promise

Question

我无法对在返回$ resource的服务上使用resolve的控制器进行单元测试。在控制器内部，我等待服务的承诺在将其设置为我的$ scope变量之前解析，但我不确定如何模拟resolve属性以使测试通过。

我正在尝试测试的控制器

angular.module('app')
  .config(['$routeProvider', function($routeProvider) {
    $routeProvider
        .when('/settings', {
            templateUrl: '/views/settings.html',
            controller:'SettingsCtrl',
            resolve: {
                settings: ['SettingsService', function (SettingsService) {
                    return SettingsService.get(
                        function(response) {
                            console.log('success');
                        },
                        function(err) {
                            console.log('error');
                        }
                    )
                }]
            }
        });
    }])
    .controller('SettingsCtrl', ['$scope', 'settings', 
      function($scope, settings) {
      settings.$promise.then(
        function(data) {
            $scope.settings = data;
        },
        function (err) {
            console.log('error');
            console.log(err);
        }
      );
    }]); 

和服务

angular.module('app')
    .factory('SettingsService', ['$resource', function ($resource) {
        return $resource('/api/settings', {}, {
            get: {method: 'GET'},
        });
    }]);

返回的当前尝试无法读取未定义的属性。

describe('Testing SettingsController with resolve', function() {

    beforeEach(module('app'));

    beforeEach(inject(function(_$rootScope_, $controller, _$q_) {
        $scope = _$rootScope_.$new();
        $rootScope = _$rootScope_;
        $q = _$q_;

        mockSettingsService = function() {
            deferred = _$q_.defer();
            return {$promise: deferred.promise};
        }

        $controller('SettingsCtrl', {
            $scope: $scope,
            settings: mockSettingsService
        });
    }));

    it('should retrieve the data', function() {
        var mockResponse = {data: 'data'}
        deferred.resolve(mockResponse);
        $rootScope.$apply();

        expect($scope.settings).toEqual(mockResponse);
    });
});

我知道如何通过模拟服务来测试具有服务注入的控制器，但我仍然想知道如何测试解析返回promise的服务的控制器。