Question

使用此代码，我有一系列帐户信息。我需要编写一个函数，我要求用户输入一个名称的一部分，然后在数组中搜索它。

更具体地说：“在结构数组中搜索特定客户的帐户。它应该接受客户名称的一部分作为参数，然后搜索名称与其匹配的帐户。应显示所有匹配的帐户（包括所有客户的信息。如果没有帐户匹配，则应显示一条说明的消息。“

我似乎无法正确地比较这些功能，我想我只是错误地接近这个问题而且非常感谢一些指导。

这是代码，我正在处理函数“searchAccount”

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

struct Customer
{
    string name;
    string address;
    string city;
    string state;
    int zip;
    string num;
    string date;
    double bal;
};

void readData(Customer []);
void displayData(Customer []);
void changeInfo(Customer []);
void searchAccount(Customer []);


const int MAX = 10;

int main()
{
    int selection;

    Customer data[MAX];

    do
    {
        cout << "Customer Accounts Menu" << endl;
        cout << "------------------------------" << endl;
        cout << "1. Read customer info into array. " << endl;
        cout << "2. Change account information. " << endl;
        cout << "3. Display information in array. " << endl;
        cout << "4. Search for customer account. " << endl;
        cout << "5. Sort customer balances in descending order. " << endl;
        cout << "6. Sort customer names in ascending order. " << endl;
        cout << "7. Compare names of two customers & replace smallest with address of largest" << endl;
        cout << "8. Exit program" << endl;
        cout << "------------------------------" << endl;
        cout << "Enter a selection: " << endl;
        cin >> selection;

        switch (selection)
        {
            case (1):
                readData(data);
                break;

            case (2):
                changeInfo(data);
                break;

            case (3):
                displayData(data);
                break;

            case (4):
                searchAccount(data);
                break;

            case (5):
                break;

            case (6):
                break;

            case (7):
                break;

            default: cout << "Please enter a valid selection." << endl;
        }

    }while(selection != 8);

    return 0;
}

void readData(Customer data[])
{
    int num = 0;

    ifstream inFile;

    inFile.open("customers.txt");

    if (!inFile)
    {
        cout << "Cannot open the file" << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        inFile >> data[num].name >> data[num].address >> data[num].city >> data[num].state >> data[num].zip >> data[num].num >> data[num].date >> data[num].bal;

        while (inFile)
        {
            num++;
            inFile >> data[num].name >> data[num].address >> data[num].city >>  data[num].state >>  data[num].zip >> data[num].num >> data[num].date >> data[num].bal;
        }
    }
    inFile.close();
}

void displayData(Customer data[])
{
    for (int num = 0; num < MAX; num++)
    {
        cout << data[num].name << " " << data[num].address << " " << data[num].city << " " << data[num].state << " " << data[num].zip << " " << data[num].num << " " << data[num].date << " " << data[num].bal << endl;
    }
}

void changeInfo(Customer data[])
{
    string name;

    cout << "Enter customer name to change" << endl;
    cin >> name;

    for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
    {
        if (data[i].name == name)
        {
            cout << "Enter new information for " << name << endl;
            cout << "Name: " << endl;
            cin >> data[i].name;
            cout << "Address: " << endl;
            cin >> data[i].address;
            cout << "City: " << endl;
            cin >> data[i].city;
            cout << "State: " << endl;
            cin >> data[i].state;
            cout << "Zip: " << endl;
            cin >> data[i].zip;
            cout << "Phone Number: " << endl;
            cin >> data[i].num;
            cout << "Date of Last Payment: " << endl;
            cin >> data[i].date;
            cout << "Account Balance: " << endl;
            cin >> data[i].bal;
        }
    }
}

void searchAccount(Customer data[])
{
    string name;

    cout << "Enter a name to search: " << endl;
    cin >> name;

    for (int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
    {
        if (strcmp(name, "data[i].name")
        //Not sure what to put here, the function above won't correctly as well
    }
}

Answer 1

首先，包含包含标准库中算法的标题：

#include <algorithm>

然后，在searchAccount函数中执行以下操作：

string name;
std::string tempLowercase;

cout << "Enter a name to search: " << endl;
cin >> name;

// Convert entered name to lower case
string enteredLowercase = name;
std::transform(enteredLowercase.begin(), enteredLowercase.end(), enteredLowercase.begin(), ::tolower);

bool found = false;
for(int i = 0; i < MAX; i++)
{
    // Convert current name to lower case and compare with entered name
    tempLowercase = data[i].name;
    std::transform(tempLowercase.begin(), tempLowercase.end(), tempLowercase.begin(), ::tolower);
    if (std::string::npos != tempLowercase.find(enteredLowercase))
    {
        cout << data[i].name << " " << data[i].address << " " << data[i].city
             << " " << data[i].state << " " << data[i].zip << " " << data[i].num
             << " " << data[i].date << " " << data[i].bal << endl;
        if(!found)
            found = true;
    }
}

if(!found)
    cout << "No customers found" << endl;

Answer 2

这听起来像是一个典型的数据库应用程序，因此我首先考虑使用SQLite。标准C ++不提供开箱即用的此功能。但是，如果您需要坚持使用简单的C ++，那么我认为您正在寻找：

bool found_one = false;
for( int i = 0; i < MAX; i++ )
{
  if( data[i].name.find( name ) != std::string::npos )
  {
    found_one = true;
    // output the record
  }
}
if( !found_one )
{
  // output error message
}

作为旁注：您的代码看起来更像C而不是C ++。我建议你考虑使用std容器，例如std :: vector来存储你的数据。

c ++比较结构数组中的字符串

2 个答案: