我希望尝试使用POST数据抓取网站，但我无法看到我如何请求并获得结果。
网址是
https://www.vehicleenquiry.service.gov.uk/Default.aspx
将值R23CCP作为注册，将CITROEN作为make。
但我习惯于像http://website.org/?make=citreon®=r23ccp这样的网址。我怎样才能在PHP中执行此操作并获取数据？我需要使用Curl吗？
我是从aspx中的网站获取的，所以我觉得它可能会落到__VIEWSTATE或__EVENTVALIDATION失败但我没有使用asp.net的经验。
到目前为止我已经
了<?php
$url = 'https://www.vehicleenquiry.service.gov.uk/Default.aspx';
$fields = array('__VIEWSTATE' => 'CA0B0334',
'__EVENTVALIDATION' => '/wEdAAefFp68E7VL+HYOzuRuFWkhBOwywjxOOgpEYFN2beEgnftoCCZcWJSqSRLD/FKuxxkI0x5r4gPeKgWgSNWptTEWInv2PXI3Jzdn3U6eHDG4Qb7lltCXTdtnDbitYujbDJI0GQSIMiv32DreL6oRbYpQ3k06XH1tmJDb9ukYqsCJMjXcVuE=',
'ctl00$MainContent$txtSearchVrm' => 'R23CCP',
'ctl00$MainContent$MakeTextBox' => 'CITROEN',
'ctl00$MainContent$butSearch' => 'Search'
);
$fields_string = http_build_query($fields);
$curl = curl_init($url);
curl_setopt_array
(
$curl,
array
(
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,
CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER => 0, //
CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST => 0, //
CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER =>
array
(
'Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=utf-8',
'Set-Cookie: ASP.NET_SessionId='.uniqid().'; path: /; HttpOnly'
),
CURLOPT_POST => true,
CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS => $fields_string,
CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION => 1
)
);
$response = curl_exec($curl);
curl_close($curl);
echo $response;
?>
答案 0 :(得分：1)
他们让这有点复杂，你实际上要做2个请求，得到一些VIEWSTATE数据...你想要的数据是第43行的$ html，享受：
<?php
$registration_number='R23CCP';
$vehicle_maker='CITROEN';
$ch=hhb_curl_init();
$debugHeaders=array();
$debugCookies=array();
$debugRequest='';
$html=hhb_curl_exec2($ch,'https://www.vehicleenquiry.service.gov.uk/Default.aspx',$debugHeaders,$debugCookies,$debugRequest);
//first do an empty request to get a session id and cookies and the weird VIEWSTATE stuff...
$domd=@DOMDocument::loadHTML($html);
assert(is_object($domd));
$__VIEWSTATE=$domd->getElementById('__VIEWSTATE')->getAttribute('value');
$__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR=$domd->getElementById('__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR')->getAttribute('value');
$__EVENTVALIDATION=$domd->getElementById('__EVENTVALIDATION')->getAttribute('value');
var_dump('__VIEWSTATE:',$__VIEWSTATE,'__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR:',$__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR,'__EVENTVALIDATION:',$__EVENTVALIDATION,'headers:',$debugHeaders,'cookies:',$debugCookies,'html:',$html,'request:',$debugRequest,'domd:',$domd);
//now to get the POST stuff
curl_setopt_array($ch,array(
CURLOPT_POST=>true,
CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS=>http_build_query(array(
'__LASTFOCUS'=>'',
'__EVENTTARGET'=>'',
'__VIEWSTATE'=>$__VIEWSTATE,
'__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR'=>$__VIEWSTATEGENERATOR,
'__EVENTVALIDATION'=>$__EVENTVALIDATION,
'ctl00$MainContent$txtSearchVrm'=>$registration_number,
'ctl00$MainContent$MakeTextBox'=>$vehicle_maker,
'ctl00$MainContent$txtV5CDocumentReferenceNumber'=>'',
'ctl00$MainContent$butSearch'=>'Search',
))
));
$html=hhb_curl_exec2($ch,'https://www.vehicleenquiry.service.gov.uk/Default.aspx',$debugHeaders,$debugCookies,$debugRequest);
var_dump('headers:',$debugHeaders,'cookies:',$debugCookies,'html:',$html,'request:',$debugRequest);
function hhb_curl_init($custom_options_array = array())
{
if (empty($custom_options_array)) {
$custom_options_array = array();
//i feel kinda bad about this.. argv[1] of curl_init wants a string(url), or NULL
//at least i want to allow NULL aswell :/
}
if (!is_array($custom_options_array)) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('$custom_options_array must be an array!');
}
;
$options_array = array(
CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER => true,
CURLOPT_BINARYTRANSFER => true,
CURLOPT_COOKIESESSION => true,
CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION => true,
CURLOPT_FORBID_REUSE => false,
CURLOPT_HTTPGET => true,
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => true,
CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER => false,
CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT => 10,
CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 11,
CURLOPT_ENCODING => ""
//CURLOPT_REFERER=>'example.org',
//CURLOPT_USERAGENT=>'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:36.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/36.0'
);
if (!array_key_exists(CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, $custom_options_array)) {
//do this only conditionally because tmpfile() call..
static $curl_cookiefiles_arr = array(); //workaround for https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=66014
$curl_cookiefiles_arr[] = $options_array[CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE] = tmpfile();
$options_array[CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE] = stream_get_meta_data($options_array[CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE]);
$options_array[CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE] = $options_array[CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE]['uri'];
}
//we can't use array_merge() because of how it handles integer-keys, it would/could cause corruption
foreach ($custom_options_array as $key => $val) {
$options_array[$key] = $val;
}
unset($key, $val, $custom_options_array);
$curl = curl_init();
curl_setopt_array($curl, $options_array);
return $curl;
}
function hhb_curl_exec($ch, $url)
{
static $hhb_curl_domainCache = "";
//$hhb_curl_domainCache=&$this->hhb_curl_domainCache;
//$ch=&$this->curlh;
if (!is_resource($ch) || get_resource_type($ch) !== 'curl') {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('$ch must be a curl handle!');
}
if (!is_string($url)) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('$url must be a string!');
}
$tmpvar = "";
if (parse_url($url, PHP_URL_HOST) === null) {
if (substr($url, 0, 1) !== '/') {
$url = $hhb_curl_domainCache . '/' . $url;
} else {
$url = $hhb_curl_domainCache . $url;
}
}
;
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
$html = curl_exec($ch);
if (curl_errno($ch)) {
throw new Exception('Curl error (curl_errno=' . curl_errno($ch) . ') on url ' . var_export($url, true) . ': ' . curl_error($ch));
// echo 'Curl error: ' . curl_error($ch);
}
if ($html === '' && 203 != ($tmpvar = curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_HTTP_CODE)) /*203 is "success, but no output"..*/ ) {
throw new Exception('Curl returned nothing for ' . var_export($url, true) . ' but HTTP_RESPONSE_CODE was ' . var_export($tmpvar, true));
}
;
//remember that curl (usually) auto-follows the "Location: " http redirects..
$hhb_curl_domainCache = parse_url(curl_getinfo($ch, CURLINFO_EFFECTIVE_URL), PHP_URL_HOST);
return $html;
}
function hhb_curl_exec2($ch, $url, &$returnHeaders = array(), &$returnCookies = array(), &$verboseDebugInfo = "")
{
$returnHeaders = array();
$returnCookies = array();
$verboseDebugInfo = "";
if (!is_resource($ch) || get_resource_type($ch) !== 'curl') {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('$ch must be a curl handle!');
}
if (!is_string($url)) {
throw new InvalidArgumentException('$url must be a string!');
}
$verbosefileh = tmpfile();
$verbosefile = stream_get_meta_data($verbosefileh);
$verbosefile = $verbosefile['uri'];
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_STDERR, $verbosefileh);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 1);
$html = hhb_curl_exec($ch, $url);
$verboseDebugInfo = file_get_contents($verbosefile);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_STDERR, NULL);
fclose($verbosefileh);
unset($verbosefile, $verbosefileh);
$headers = array();
$crlf = "\x0d\x0a";
$thepos = strpos($html, $crlf . $crlf, 0);
$headersString = substr($html, 0, $thepos);
$headerArr = explode($crlf, $headersString);
$returnHeaders = $headerArr;
unset($headersString, $headerArr);
$htmlBody = substr($html, $thepos + 4); //should work on utf8/ascii headers... utf32? not so sure..
unset($html);
//I REALLY HOPE THERE EXIST A BETTER WAY TO GET COOKIES.. good grief this looks ugly..
//at least it's tested and seems to work perfectly...
$grabCookieName = function($str,&$len)
{
$len=0;
$ret = "";
$i = 0;
for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($str); ++$i) {
++$len;
if ($str[$i] === ' ') {
continue;
}
if ($str[$i] === '=') {
--$len;
break;
}
$ret .= $str[$i];
}
return urldecode($ret);
};
foreach ($returnHeaders as $header) {
//Set-Cookie: crlfcoookielol=crlf+is%0D%0A+and+newline+is+%0D%0A+and+semicolon+is%3B+and+not+sure+what+else
/*Set-Cookie:ci_spill=a%3A4%3A%7Bs%3A10%3A%22session_id%22%3Bs%3A32%3A%22305d3d67b8016ca9661c3b032d4319df%22%3Bs%3A10%3A%22ip_address%22%3Bs%3A14%3A%2285.164.158.128%22%3Bs%3A10%3A%22user_agent%22%3Bs%3A109%3A%22Mozilla%2F5.0+%28Windows+NT+6.1%3B+WOW64%29+AppleWebKit%2F537.36+%28KHTML%2C+like+Gecko%29+Chrome%2F43.0.2357.132+Safari%2F537.36%22%3Bs%3A13%3A%22last_activity%22%3Bi%3A1436874639%3B%7Dcab1dd09f4eca466660e8a767856d013; expires=Tue, 14-Jul-2015 13:50:39 GMT; path=/
Set-Cookie: sessionToken=abc123; Expires=Wed, 09 Jun 2021 10:18:14 GMT;
//Cookie names cannot contain any of the following '=,; \t\r\n\013\014'
//
*/
if (stripos($header, "Set-Cookie:") !== 0) {
continue;
/**/
}
$header = trim(substr($header, strlen("Set-Cookie:")));
$len=0;
while (strlen($header) > 0) {
$cookiename = $grabCookieName($header,$len);
$returnCookies[$cookiename] = '';
$header = substr($header, $len + 1); //also remove the =
if (strlen($header) < 1) {
break;
}
;
$thepos = strpos($header, ';');
if ($thepos === false) { //last cookie in this Set-Cookie.
$returnCookies[$cookiename] = urldecode($header);
break;
}
$returnCookies[$cookiename] = urldecode(substr($header, 0, $thepos));
$header = trim(substr($header, $thepos + 1)); //also remove the ;
}
}
unset($header, $cookiename, $thepos);
return $htmlBody;
}