如何从颜色数组列表中绘制随机颜色并将其应用于另一个数组列表中的按钮背景？

时间：2015-11-23 01:16:25

标签： java arrays colors 

Character[] buttonsToAdd = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'};
List<Character> shuffled = Arrays.asList(buttonsToAdd);
Color[] colors = {Color.RED, Color.BLUE, Color.GREEN, Color.YELLOW};
Map<Character, JButton> buttons = new HashMap<Character, JButton>();
Map<Color, JButton> col = new HashMap<Color, JButton>();

我有这些数字列表，用于字母和4种颜色的字母。我想从字母数组列表中随机选择4个字母，将它们应用于4个按钮，然后将这4个按钮分别从颜色数组列表中分配一个随机颜色。我该怎么做呢？

我尝试过随机使用setBackground在我的for语句的按钮上，但它不允许我引用“颜色”。数组列表那样。

for (char c : buttonsToAdd) {

        JButton button = new JButton(c + "");
        Random rnd = new Random();
        button.setBackground(new Color(rnd.nextInt(colors)));
        Collections.shuffle(shuffled);
        _pan.add(button);
        buttons.put(c, button);
        button.addKeyListener(this);

    }

我还是Java的新手，是否有一种简单的方法可以限制分配给按钮的按钮的数量来自ButtonsToAdd＆＃39; list to 4，以及从颜色列表中为每一个分配一个随机颜色？

public class Game implements Runnable, KeyListener {

JFrame _frame = new JFrame("Window");
JPanel _pan = new JPanel();

Character[] buttonsToAdd = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q',
        'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z' };

Map<Character, JButton> buttons = new HashMap<Character, JButton>();
List<Character> shuffled = Arrays.asList(buttonsToAdd);
Color[] colors = { Color.RED, Color.BLUE, Color.GREEN, Color.YELLOW };
Map<Color, JButton> col = new HashMap<Color, JButton>();
List<Character> shuffledCharacters = Arrays.asList(buttonsToAdd);

@Override

public void run() {

    _frame.add(_pan);
    _frame.setVisible(true);
    _pan.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));

    for (char c : buttonsToAdd) {

        JButton button = new JButton(c + "");
        Random rnd = new Random();
        button.setBackground(colors[rnd.nextInt(colors.length)]);
        _pan.add(button);
        buttons.put(c, button);
        button.addKeyListener(this);
        Collections.shuffle(shuffledCharacters);

    }

    _frame.pack();
    _frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
    _frame.setResizable(true);

}

@Override
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) {
}

@Override
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) {
    char key = e.getKeyChar();
    System.out.println(key);
    JButton button = null;

    if ((button = buttons.get(Character.toUpperCase(key))) != null) {
        _pan.remove(button);
        _pan.invalidate();
        _frame.repaint();

    }
}

@Override
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) {
}

}

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：1)

button.setBackground(new Color(rnd.nextInt(colors)));

不。是的，你可以将一个int传递给Color构造函数，但是你不会得到你期望的颜色。但不仅如此，由于Random#nextInt(...)不接受Color数组作为参数，因此该行不会编译。一个int，是的，比如colors.length，但不是数组本身。

而是尝试

Random rnd = new Random();


// and elsewhere
int randomIndex = rnd.nextInt(colors.length);
button.setBackground(colors[randomIndex]);

或者，如果您坚持压缩代码，

button.setBackground(colors[rnd.nextInt(colors.length)]);

注意，由于颜色似乎是常量，因此应将其重新命名为COLORS，并因此声明：

Color[] COLORS = {Color.RED, Color.BLUE, Color.GREEN, Color.YELLOW};

因为根据Java命名约定，常量应该是全大写的。

答案 1 :(得分：1)

所以，你需要打破你的要求......

首先，您需要为每个角色构建按钮...... 

Character[] buttonsToAdd = {'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'};

Map<Character, JButton> buttons = new HashMap<Character, JButton>();
for (Character c : buttonsToAdd) {
    buttons.put(c, new JButton(c.toString()));
}

然后你需要随机播放颜色和字符

Color[] colors = {Color.RED, Color.BLUE, Color.GREEN, Color.YELLOW};

List<Color> shuffledColors = Arrays.asList(colors);
List<Character> shuffledCharacters = Arrays.asList(buttonsToAdd);

Collections.shuffle(shuffledColors);
Collections.shuffle(shuffledCharacters);

然后你需要用按钮映射颜色，但你需要character作为获取按钮的键...... 

Map<Color, JButton> col = new HashMap<Color, JButton>();
for (int index = 0; index < shuffledColors.size(); index++) {
    Color color = shuffledColors.get(index);
    Character c = shuffledCharacters.get(index);

    JButton btn = buttons.get(c);

    col.put(color, btn);
}

<强>更新

因此，根据您更新的要求，您当前的方法将无效，因为您需要所有按钮都有一种可用的颜色，但您的Map<Color, JButton>只允许一个按钮与单色。

相反，你可能需要做更像......的事情。

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.GridLayout;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import javax.swing.AbstractAction;
import javax.swing.ActionMap;
import javax.swing.InputMap;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JComponent;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.KeyStroke;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;

public class Game {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new Game();
    }

    public Game() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }

                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.add(new TestPane());
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class TestPane extends JPanel {

        private List<String> characters = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new String[]{"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"}));
        private List<JButton> buttons;
        private List<Color> colors = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(new Color[]{Color.RED, Color.BLUE, Color.GREEN, Color.YELLOW}));

        private Map<String, JButton> characterToButton = new HashMap<>(25);
        private Map<Color, List<JButton>> colorToButtons = new HashMap<>(25);

        public TestPane() {
            setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 4));

            List<Integer> indicies = new ArrayList<>(4 * 4);
            buttons = new ArrayList<>(25);
            for (int index = 0; index < 4 * 4; index++) {
                Collections.shuffle(colors);
                Color color = colors.get(0);
                indicies.add(index);
                JButton btn = new JButton();
                buttons.add(btn);
                btn.setBackground(color);
                add(btn);

                List<JButton> btns = colorToButtons.get(color);
                if (btns == null) {
                    btns = new ArrayList<>(25);
                    colorToButtons.put(color, btns);
                }
                btns.add(btn);
            }

            Collections.shuffle(characters);
            Collections.shuffle(indicies);
            List<Color> usedColor = new ArrayList<>(4);
            for (int index = 0; index < 4; index++) {
                String value = characters.get(index);
                JButton btn = null;
                do {
                    int buttonIndex = indicies.remove(0);
                    btn = buttons.get(buttonIndex);
                } while (usedColor.contains(btn.getBackground()));
                usedColor.add(btn.getBackground());
                btn.setText(value);
                characterToButton.put(value, btn);
                addKeyBinding(btn, value);
            }
        }

        protected void addKeyBinding(JComponent comp, String value) {
            InputMap inputMap = comp.getInputMap(WHEN_IN_FOCUSED_WINDOW);
            ActionMap actionMap = comp.getActionMap();

            inputMap.put(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke("typed " + value.toLowerCase()), value);
            actionMap.put(value, new AbstractAction() {
                @Override
                public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
                    JButton btn = characterToButton.get(value);
                    Color color = btn.getBackground();
                    for (JButton others : colorToButtons.get(color)) {
                        others.setEnabled(false);
                    }
                }
            });
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
            return new Dimension(200, 200);
        }

    }

}
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