此问题是this question的扩展和简化版本。
我一直试图在SQL中解决以下迭代方程:
U^{F,D}_{t,p} = (\sum_{D} U^{F,D}_{t-1,p} + C_{t-1,p} )*R^{F,D}_{t-1,p}
导致:
我能想到的最接近的类比是U^{F,D}_{t,p}
是一些品牌F
的汽车,具有某种颜色(D
),是汽车经销商(p
})在时间t
可用。所以上面的等式基本上说:从t-1
前一天(即U^{F,D}_{t-1,p}
)获取汽车的单位,总和颜色(\sum_{D}
),然后加上总和a {{ 1}}来自前一天的值(C
,无论是什么),并且从前一天(C_{t-1,p}
)乘以其他数字R
,无论那是什么)。
我设法解决了上述等式的简化形式,即:
即没有汽车颜色的总和(R^{F,D}_{t-1,p}
)。示例数据和SQL查询是in the fiddle that I link,但我将其粘贴在此处以供参考:
完整数据:
D
示例数据:
以下演示了汽车经销商CREATE TABLE DYNAMICS ( T DATE, T_M1 DATE, P INTEGER, F VARCHAR(255), DELTA_F VARCHAR(255), R_T_M1 NUMBER, C_T_M1 NUMBER, U_T_M1 NUMBER, R_T NUMBER, C_T NUMBER, U_T NUMBER );
-- DAY 1, P_1
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('01.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('31.12.2014','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 1,'BMW','RED', 0.5, 0.6, NULL, 0.7,0.8,100.0 );
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('01.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('31.12.2014','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 1,'MERCEDES','RED', 0.5, 0.6, NULL, 0.7,0.8,50.0 );
-- DAY 1, P_2
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('01.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('31.12.2014','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 2,'BMW','RED', 0.5, 0.6, NULL, 0.7,0.8,10.0 );
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('01.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('31.12.2014','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 2,'MERCEDES','RED', 0.5, 0.6, NULL, 0.7,0.8,5.0 );
-- DAY 2, P_1
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('02.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('01.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 1,'BMW','RED', 0.7, 0.8, 100, 0.9,0.9, NULL );
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('02.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('01.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 1,'MERCEDES','RED', 0.7, 0.8, 50, 0.6,0.5, NULL );
-- DAY 2, P_2
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('02.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('01.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 2,'BMW','RED', 0.7, 0.8, 10, 0.7,0.8, NULL );
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('02.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('01.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 2,'MERCEDES','RED', 0.7, 0.8, 5, 0.3,0.3, NULL );
-- DAY 3, P_1
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('03.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('02.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 1,'BMW','RED', 0.9, 0.9, NULL, 0.2,0.3, NULL );
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('03.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('02.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 1,'MERCEDES','RED', 0.6, 0.5, NULL, 1.7,1.8, NULL );
-- DAY 3, P_2
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('03.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('02.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 2,'BMW','RED', 0.7, 0.8, NULL, 0.2,0.3, NULL );
INSERT INTO DYNAMICS VALUES ( TO_DATE('03.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), TO_DATE('02.01.2015','DD.MM.YYYY HH24:MI:SS'), 2,'MERCEDES','RED', 0.3, 0.3, NULL, 0.8,0.9, NULL );
的示例数据,颜色p=1
的汽车模型F=BMW
(数学等式中的D=RED
在SQL中称为D
)。初始条件(DELTA
)在这里2015-01-01。对于t=0
的所有日期,都会给出t
(t
)和R_T, C_T
(t-1
)处的所有参数。了解它们,任务是计算所有日期R_T_M1, C_T_M1
的汽车单位。
t > t=0
QUERY:
为了解决简化问题,我在此粘贴I have come up with the query in the linked fiddle以供参考:
| T | T_M1 | P | F | DELTA_F | R_T_M1 | C_T_M1 | U_T_M1 | R_T | C_T | U_T |
|---------------------------|----------------------------|---|-----|---------|--------|--------|--------|-----|-----|--------|
| January, 01 2015 00:00:00 | December, 31 2014 00:00:00 | 1 | BMW | RED | 0.5 | 0.6 | (null) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 100 |
| January, 02 2015 00:00:00 | January, 01 2015 00:00:00 | 1 | BMW | RED | 0.7 | 0.8 | 100 | 0.9 | 0.9 | (null) |
| January, 03 2015 00:00:00 | January, 02 2015 00:00:00 | 1 | BMW | RED | 0.9 | 0.9 | (null) | 0.2 | 0.3 | (null) |
对于上面粘贴的示例数据,此查询会产生:
--
-- SQL
-- T -> t
-- T_M1 -> t-1
--
WITH RECU( T, T_M1, P, F, DELTA_F,
R_T_M1, C_T_M1, U_T_M1,
R_T, C_T, U_T ) AS (
-- Anchor member.
SELECT T, T_M1, P, F, DELTA_F,
R_T_M1, C_T_M1,
U_T_M1,
R_T, C_T,
U_T
FROM DYNAMICS
-- Initial condition: U_{t-1} does not exist, and U_{t=0} is given
WHERE ( U_T_M1 IS NULL AND U_T IS NOT NULL )
UNION ALL
-- Recursive member.
SELECT NEW.T, NEW.T_M1, NEW.P, NEW.F, NEW.DELTA_F,
NEW.R_T_M1, NEW.C_T_M1,
RECU.U_T AS U_T_M1,
NEW.R_T, NEW.C_T,
-- Here the magic happens, i.e., (U_{t-1} + C_{t-1})*R_{t-1} = U_{t}
(RECU.U_T+NEW.C_T_M1)*NEW.R_T_M1 AS U_T
FROM DYNAMICS NEW
INNER JOIN RECU
ON
-- Translates: yesterday (t-1) of the new record equals today (t) of the parent record
NEW.T_M1 = RECU.T AND
NEW.P = RECU.P AND
NEW.F = RECU.F AND
NEW.DELTA_F = RECU.DELTA_F
)
SELECT * FROM RECU ORDER BY P, F, T;
效果很好,即适用于:2015-01-02,| T | T_M1 | P | F | DELTA_F | R_T_M1 | C_T_M1 | U_T_M1 | R_T | C_T | U_T |
|---------------------------|----------------------------|---|-----|---------|--------|--------|--------|-----|-----|--------|
| January, 01 2015 00:00:00 | December, 31 2014 00:00:00 | 1 | BMW | RED | 0.5 | 0.6 | (null) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 100 |
| January, 02 2015 00:00:00 | January, 01 2015 00:00:00 | 1 | BMW | RED | 0.7 | 0.8 | 100 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 70.56 |
| January, 03 2015 00:00:00 | January, 02 2015 00:00:00 | 1 | BMW | RED | 0.9 | 0.9 | 70.56 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 64.314 |
,2015-01-03,U_t = (100+0.8)*0.7 = 70.56
。
查询的编写方式使其适用于不同的汽车经销商和不同的汽车品牌,可以检查其运行the query in the linked fiddle
上面的查询无法正确处理原始等式中汽车颜色的总和:
这与简化数据无关,因为所有汽车(BMW和MERCEDES)仅在RED中出现,因此颜色总和有效消失。
这样的完整逻辑应该可以通过内置于上述原始查询中的U_t = (70.56+0.9)*0.9 = 64.314
表达式来实现。 不幸的是,我不知道该怎么做。
所以,想象一下你的形状数据就像简化问题部分一样,但现在每个汽车品牌都有两种颜色,e.g., like in this linked fiddle:
GROUP BY/SUM
鉴于此类数据,您希望经销商| T | T_M1 | P | F | DELTA_F | R_T_M1 | C_T_M1 | U_T_M1 | R_T | C_T | U_T |
|---------------------------|----------------------------|---|----------|---------|--------|--------|--------|-----|-----|--------|
| January, 01 2015 00:00:00 | December, 31 2014 00:00:00 | 2 | MERCEDES | BLACK | 0.2 | 0.6 | (null) | 0.5 | 0.8 | 5.5 |
| January, 01 2015 00:00:00 | December, 31 2014 00:00:00 | 2 | MERCEDES | RED | 0.5 | 0.6 | (null) | 0.7 | 0.8 | 5 |
| January, 02 2015 00:00:00 | January, 01 2015 00:00:00 | 2 | MERCEDES | BLACK | 0.5 | 0.8 | 5.5 | 1.3 | 0.5 | (null) |
| January, 02 2015 00:00:00 | January, 01 2015 00:00:00 | 2 | MERCEDES | RED | 0.7 | 0.8 | 5 | 4.3 | 0.5 | (null) |
| January, 03 2015 00:00:00 | January, 02 2015 00:00:00 | 2 | MERCEDES | BLACK | 1.3 | 0.5 | (null) | 0.3 | 0.9 | (null) |
| January, 03 2015 00:00:00 | January, 02 2015 00:00:00 | 2 | MERCEDES | RED | 4.3 | 0.5 | (null) | 0.4 | 0.9 | (null) |
p=2
汽车动态显示如下:
F=MERCEDES
问题是如何调整上面的简化查询来解决此问题。
答案 0 :(得分:2)
我不认为这是最好的答案,但我认为它会为您提供您正在寻找的结果。
WITH RECU( T, T_M1, P, F, DELTA_F,
R_T_M1, C_T_M1, U_T_M1,
R_T, C_T, U_T ) AS (
-- Anchor member.
SELECT T, T_M1, P, F, DELTA_F,
R_T_M1, C_T_M1,
U_T_M1,
R_T, C_T,
-- Start SUM of u_t
(select sum(u_t) from DYNAMICS d2
where d2.T=d1.T and d2.T_M1=d1.T_M1 and d2.P=d1.P and d2.F=d1.F
group by T, T_M1, P, F) as u_t
-- End SUM of u_t
FROM DYNAMICS d1
-- Initial condition: U_{t-1} does not exist, and U_{t=0} is given
WHERE ( U_T_M1 IS NULL AND U_T IS NOT NULL )
UNION ALL
-- Recursive member.
SELECT NEW.T, NEW.T_M1, NEW.P, NEW.F, NEW.DELTA_F,
NEW.R_T_M1, NEW.C_T_M1,
RECU.U_T AS U_T_M1,
NEW.R_T, NEW.C_T
,
-- Here the magic happens, i.e., (U_{t-1} + C_{t-1})*R_{t-1} = U_{t}
(
RECU.U_T
+NEW.C_T_M1)*NEW.R_T_M1 AS U_T
FROM DYNAMICS NEW
INNER JOIN RECU
ON
-- Translates: yesterday (t-1) of the new record equals today (t) of the parent record
NEW.T_M1 = RECU.T AND
NEW.P = RECU.P AND
NEW.F = RECU.F AND
NEW.DELTA_F = RECU.DELTA_F
)
SELECT * FROM RECU ORDER BY P, F, T;
我添加的内容是Start SUM of u_t
和End SUM of u_t
条之间的评论,这里是fiddle。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
解决方案比我想象的要容易(尽管我花了一天时间尝试各种各样的事情,现在看起来似乎都很简单)。
对原始小提琴数据进行工作(测试)的查询为:
WITH RECU( T, T_M1, P, F, DELTA_F,
R_T_M1, C_T_M1, U_T_M1,
R_T, C_T, U_T ) AS (
-- Anchor member.
SELECT T, T_M1, P, F, DELTA_F,
R_T_M1, C_T_M1,
U_T_M1,
R_T, C_T,
U_T
FROM DYNAMICS
-- Initial condition: U_{t-1} does not exist, and U_{t=0} is given
WHERE ( U_T_M1 IS NULL AND U_T IS NOT NULL )
UNION ALL
-- Recursive member.
SELECT NEW.T, NEW.T_M1, NEW.P, NEW.F, NEW.DELTA_F,
NEW.R_T_M1, NEW.C_T_M1,
RECU.U_T AS U_T_M1,
NEW.R_T, NEW.C_T,
-- Here the magic happens, i.e., (U_{t-1} + C_{t-1})*R_{t-1} = U_{t}
( (( SUM(RECU.U_T) OVER (PARTITION BY NEW.T, NEW.T_M1, NEW.P, NEW.F) ) + NEW.C_T_M1)*NEW.R_T_M1 ) AS U_T
FROM DYNAMICS NEW
INNER JOIN RECU
ON
-- Translates: yesterday (t-1) of the new record equals today (t) of the parent record
NEW.T_M1 = RECU.T AND
NEW.P = RECU.P AND
NEW.F = RECU.F AND
NEW.DELTA_F = RECU.DELTA_F
)
SELECT * FROM RECU
ORDER BY P, F, T, DELTA_F;
这是对原始查询的最小更改(仅影响原始查询的一行),并使用ORACLE分析函数。