我正在尝试使用CloudFormation模板启动实例。实例已启动，但UserData部分未完全执行，因为Redhat 7 AMI中未安装cfn-init/aws-cfn-bootstrap包。我尝试手动安装aws-cfn-bootstrap包，但由于与python版本的冲突而无法安装。
以下是CloudFormation模板的UserData部分
"UserData": {
"Fn::Base64": {
"Fn::Join": [
"\n",
[
"#!/bin/bash",
"set -x",
"",
"INSTANCE_ID=`/opt/aws/bin/ec2-metadata --instance-id | cut -f2 -d' '`",
"REGION=`/opt/aws/bin/ec2-metadata --availability-zone| cut -f2 -d' ' | sed '$s/.$//'`",
{
"Fn::Join": [
"",
[
"AID='",
{
"Fn::GetAtt": [
"eip",
"AllocationId"
]
},
"'"
]
]
},
"aws ec2 associate-address --region $REGION --instance-id $INSTANCE_ID --allocation-id $AID"
]
]
}
}
云init.log
Nov 12 03:55:27 localhost cloud-init: Cloud-init v. 0.7.6 running 'modules:config' at Thu, 12 Nov 2015 08:55:27 +0000. Up 19.01 seconds.
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: Cloud-init v. 0.7.6 running 'modules:final' at Thu, 12 Nov 2015 08:55:27 +0000. Up 19.67 seconds.
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: ++ /opt/aws/bin/ec2-metadata --instance-id
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: /var/lib/cloud/instance/scripts/part-001: line 4: /opt/aws/bin/ec2-metadata: No such file or directory
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: ++ cut -f2 '-d '
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: + INSTANCE_ID=
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: ++ cut -f2 '-d '
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: ++ sed '$s/.$//'
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: ++ /opt/aws/bin/ec2-metadata --availability-zone
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: /var/lib/cloud/instance/scripts/part-001: line 5: /opt/aws/bin/ec2-metadata: No such file or directory
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: + REGION=
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: + AID=eipalloc-XXXXXX
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: + aws ec2 associate-address --region --instance-id --allocation-id eipalloc-XXXXXX
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: /var/lib/cloud/instance/scripts/part-001: line 7: aws: command not found
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: 2015-11-12 03:55:28,078 - util.py[WARNING]: Failed running /var/lib/cloud/instance/scripts/part-001 [127]
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: 2015-11-12 03:55:28,089 - cc_scripts_user.py[WARNING]: Failed to run module scripts-user (scripts in /var/lib/cloud/instance/scripts)
Nov 12 03:55:28 localhost cloud-init: 2015-11-12 03:55:28,089 - util.py[WARNING]: Running module scripts-user (<module 'cloudinit.config.cc_scripts_user' from '/usr/lib/pyt
hon2.7/site-packages/cloudinit/config/cc_scripts_user.pyc'>) failed
答案 0 :(得分：4)
这对我有用，我没有完全赞同这一点，因为我在其中一个aws论坛上找到了它，但现在我找不到源链接...无论如何我不得不修改它在redhat 6上为我工作，所以希望它也有助于其他人。
这是安装cfn-init脚本的模板中的Userdata部分：
"UserData" : { "Fn::Base64" : { "Fn::Join" : ["", [
"#!/bin/bash -xe\n",
"### This is redhat 6. It supports cloud-init but Cfn packages need to be installed unlike AWS Linux. And they are installed in a different location\n",
"# First enable EPEL\n",
"rpm -Uvh https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/epel-release-latest-6.noarch.rpm", "\n",
"# Now install Python Setuptools(easy_install) and Pip", "\n",
"yum -y install python-pip", "\n",
"# Now install cfn scripts", "\n",
"/usr/bin/easy_install --script-dir /opt/aws/bin https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-examples/aws-cfn-bootstrap-latest.tar.gz", "\n",
"# Now fix the cfn-hup script and copy to init.d location as AWS does not do it for you", "\n",
"cp -f `pip show aws-cfn-bootstrap 2> /dev/null | egrep \"^Location\" | awk -F \":\" ' { print $2 }'`/init/redhat/cfn-hup /etc/init.d/", "\n",
"chmod 755 /etc/init.d/cfn-hup", "\n",
"chkconfig --add cfn-hup", "\n",
"/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v ",
" --stack ", { "Ref" : "AWS::StackId" },
" --resource AppServer ",
" --configsets Install ",
" --region ", { "Ref" : "AWS::Region" }, "\n"
]]}}
答案 1 :(得分：1)
对于RHEL-7.x，您必须添加pypa-repo，以下内容对我有用。
"UserData": {
"Fn::Base64": {
"Fn::Join": [
"",
[
"#!/bin/bash\n",
"## Install EPEL\n",
"rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/7/x86_64/e/epel-release-7-9.noarch.rpm\n",
"# Installing CFN-init \n",
"yum -y install python-pip",
"\n",
"cd /use/bin", "\n",
"/usr/bin/easy_install --script-dir /opt/aws/bin https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-examples/aws-cfn-bootstrap-latest.tar.gz",
"\n",
"cp -f `pip show aws-cfn-bootstrap 2> /dev/null | grep -i \"^Location\" | awk '{ print $2\"/init/redhat/cfn-hup\"}'` /etc/init.d/",
"\n",
"chmod 755 /etc/init.d/cfn-hup",
"\n",
"chkconfig --add cfn-hup",
"\n",
"## DONE \n",
"# Install the files and packages from the metadata\n",
"/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v ",
" --stack ",
{
"Ref": "AWS::StackName"
},
" --resource appInstance1 ",
" --region ",
{
"Ref": "AWS::Region"
},
"\n",
"# Start up the cfn-hup daemon to listen for changes to the Web Server metadata\n",
"/opt/aws/bin/cfn-hup || error_exit 'Failed to start cfn-hup'\n",
"# Signal the status from cfn-init\n",
"/opt/aws/bin/cfn-signal -e $? ",
" --stack ",
{
"Ref": "AWS::StackName"
},
" --resource appInstance1 ",
" --region ",
{
"Ref": "AWS::Region"
},
"\n"
]
]
}
}
答案 2 :(得分：0)
您可以仅使用 pip （无需使用 easy_install ）以这种方式安装它：
pip install https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-examples/aws-cfn-bootstrap-latest.tar.gz
来源： https://gist.github.com/dasgoll/d533da8a7dc9f05579e2c08ff67788ef
答案 3 :(得分：0)
RedHat 8 的示例：
UserData:
Fn::Base64: !Sub |
#!/bin/bash -x
yum update -y
yum -y install python2-pip
pip2 install https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-examples/aws-cfn-bootstrap-latest.tar.gz
python2 /usr/bin/cfn-signal -e $? \
--stack ${AWS::StackName} \
--resource MyInstance \
--region ${AWS::Region}
MyInstance是CFN中实例资源的名称。