我正在尝试以条件格式设置数字格式。我已经找到了如何设置字体，边框和填充颜色，但我无法设置数字格式。我目前的代码是：
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from openpyxl.styles import PatternFill, Font, Border, Side
from openpyxl.formatting.rule import FormulaRule, DifferentialStyle, Rule
wb = load_workbook(filename='Excel_Templates\MyTemplate.xlsx')
ws = wb.get_sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
red_fill = PatternFill(start_color='FFFF0000', end_color='FFFF0000', fill_type='solid')
pink_fill = PatternFill(start_color='FFFF5050', end_color='FFFF5050', fill_type='solid')
light_pink_fill = PatternFill(start_color='FFFF9B99', end_color='FFFF9B99', fill_type='solid')
blue_fill = PatternFill(start_color='FF0000FF', end_color='FF0000FF', fill_type='solid')
light_blue_fill = PatternFill(start_color='FF0066FF', end_color='FF0066FF', fill_type='solid')
v_light_blue_fill = PatternFill(start_color='FF9BC2E6', end_color='FF9BC2E6', fill_type='solid')
side = Side(style='thin', color='FF000000')
myBorder = Border(left=side, right=side, bottom=side, top=side)
my_white_font = Font(color='FFFFFFFF', size=12)
my_black_font = Font(size=12)
p='E3'
num = 'E8'
denom = 'E9'
ws['{0}'.format(p)] = '=IF({0}/{1} >= 2, {0}/{1}, IF(AND({0}/{1}>=0, {0}/{1} <2),{0}/{1}-1, 1-{0}/{1}))'.format(
num, denom)
ws.conditional_formatting.add('{0}'.format(p),
FormulaRule(formula=['{0} < -0.5'.format(p)], fill=red_fill, font=my_black_font))
ws.conditional_formatting.add('{0}'.format(p),
FormulaRule(formula=['AND({0} < -0.25, {0} >=-0.5)'.format(p)], fill=pink_fill,
font=my_black_font))
ws.conditional_formatting.add('{0}'.format(p),
FormulaRule(formula=['AND({0} < 0, {0} >=-0.25)'.format(p)], fill=light_pink_fill,
font=my_black_font))
ws.conditional_formatting.add('{0}'.format(p),
FormulaRule(formula=['AND({0} >=0, {0} < 1)'.format(p)], fill=v_light_blue_fill,
font=my_black_font))
ws.conditional_formatting.add('{0}'.format(p),
FormulaRule(formula=['AND({0} >=1, {0} <= 3)'.format(p)], fill=light_blue_fill,
font=my_white_font))
ws.conditional_formatting.add('{0}'.format(p),
FormulaRule(formula=['{0} > 3'.format(p)], fill=blue_fill,
font=my_white_font))
我想将格式设置为百分比，前4种格式没有小数点，我想将其设置为“+”0.0“X”表示最后两种格式。我查看了源代码，找不到这样做的方法。任何帮助，将不胜感激。我正在使用Python 3和Openpyxl 2.3.0与Excel 2010.
更新1：
我使用查理的建议更新了我的代码。我补充说：
dxf = DifferentialStyle(fill=blue_fill, font=my_white_font, numFmt='0.00%')
ws.conditional_formatting.add('{0}'.format(p), Rule(formula=['{0} > 3'.format(p)], dxf=dxf))
给出了以下错误消息。
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\styles\differential.py", line 57, in __init__
self.numFmt = numFmt
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\descriptors\base.py", line 42, in __set__
raise TypeError('expected ' + str(self.expected_type))
TypeError: expected <class 'openpyxl.styles.differential.NumFmt'>
更新2：
事实证明，Differential Style中的numFmt选项需要NumFmt的类实例，该实例在openpyxl.style.differential中定义。我将Update 1代码更改为以下内容：
from openpyxl.styles.differential import NumFmt
dxf = DifferentialStyle(fill=blue_fill, font=my_white_font, numFmt=NumFmt(10, '0.00%'))
r = Rule('expression', formula=['{0} > 3'.format(p)], dxf=dxf)
ws.conditional_formatting.add('{0}'.format(p), r)
然而，当我打电话
时，这些工作还不错wb.save("test.xlsx")
我收到以下错误消息
File "C:/TestProj/openpyxl_test.py", line 90, in <module>
wb.save("test.xlsx")
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\workbook\workbook.py", line 263, in save
save_workbook(self, filename)
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\writer\excel.py", line 230, in save_workbook
writer.save(filename, as_template=as_template)
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\writer\excel.py", line 213, in save
self.write_data(archive, as_template=as_template)
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\writer\excel.py", line 87, in write_data
self._write_worksheets(archive)
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\writer\excel.py", line 158, in _write_worksheets
xml = sheet._write(self.workbook.shared_strings)
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\worksheet\worksheet.py", line 772, in _write
return write_worksheet(self, shared_strings)
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\writer\worksheet.py", line 223, in write_worksheet
for cf in cfs:
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\writer\worksheet.py", line 119, in write_conditional_formatting
if rule.dxf != DifferentialStyle():
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\styles\hashable.py", line 77, in __ne__
return not self == other
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\styles\hashable.py", line 73, in __eq__
return self.key == other.key
File "C:\WinPython-32bit-3.4.3.3\python-3.4.3\lib\site-packages\openpyxl\styles\hashable.py", line 65, in key
self._key = hash(tuple(fields))
TypeError: unhashable type: 'NumFmt'
答案 0 :(得分：2)
我强烈怀疑您的问题来源是openpyxl中的错误。问题似乎是NumFmt类不可清除。我认为这可能源于它来自Serialisable，而不是HashableObject。因此，它基本上缺少__hash__函数。我认为您可以通过向NumFmt类添加__hash__函数来解决此问题，如下所示：
class NumFmt(Serialisable):
numFmtId = Integer()
formatCode = String()
def __init__(self,
numFmtId=None,
formatCode=None,
):
self.numFmtId = numFmtId
self.formatCode = formatCode
def __hash__(self):
return hash((self.numFmtId, self.formatCode))
有了这个，我能够得到以下示例： 来自openpyxl import load_workbook 来自openpyxl.styles导入PatternFill 来自openpyxl.formatting.rule导入DifferentialStyle，Rule 来自openpyxl.styles.differential import NumFmt
wb = load_workbook(filename=r'C:\users\vanhamme\Desktop\foobar.xlsx')
ws = wb['Sheet1']
blue_fill = PatternFill(start_color='FF0000FF', end_color='FF0000FF', fill_type='solid')
dxf = DifferentialStyle(fill=blue_fill, numFmt=NumFmt(10, '0.00%'))
rule = Rule('expression', formula=['E3 > 3'], dxf=dxf)
ws.conditional_formatting.add('E3', rule)
wb.save(r'C:\users\vanhamme\Desktop\foobar2.xlsx')
这可能不是最优雅的解决方案。不幸的是，我不太了解openpyxl类层次结构，知道是否有更短，更清晰的路径。
答案 1 :(得分：0)
直接使用openpyxl.formatting.rule.Rule进行完全控制。 FormulaRule仅用于向后兼容，并未公开所有可能性，但如果查看其来源，您会看到可以传入DifferentialStyle的任何实例