可以通过递归子进行ISerializable

时间:2015-11-12 09:27:45

标签: c# arrays list recursion iserializable

我想为C#类实现ISerializable,它包含类似的类型子列表。请考虑以下示例:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Runtime.Serialization.Formatters.Binary;

namespace serialisation
{
    [Serializable]
    internal class Nested : ISerializable
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }

        public List<Nested> Children { get; set; }

        public Nested(string name)
        {
            Name = name;
            Children = new List<Nested>();
        }

        protected Nested(System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo info, System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext context)
        {
            Name = info.GetString("Name");

            // This doesn't work:
            Nested[] children = (Nested[])info.GetValue("Children", typeof(Nested[]));
            Children = new List<Nested>(children);

            // This works:
            // Children = (List<Nested>)info.GetValue("Children", typeof(List<Nested>));
        }

        public void GetObjectData(System.Runtime.Serialization.SerializationInfo info, System.Runtime.Serialization.StreamingContext context)
        {
            info.AddValue("Name", Name);

            // This doesn't work:
            info.AddValue("Children", Children.ToArray());

            // This works:
            //info.AddValue("Children", Children);
        }
    }

    internal class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // Generate a hierarchy
            Nested root = new Nested("root");
            Nested child1 = new Nested("child1");
            Nested child2 = new Nested("child2");
            Nested child3 = new Nested("child3");
            child1.Children.Add(child2);
            child1.Children.Add(child3);
            root.Children.Add(child1);

            Nested deserialized;
            BinaryFormatter binaryFmt = new BinaryFormatter();

            // Serialize
            using (var fs = new FileStream("Nested.xml", FileMode.OpenOrCreate))
            {
                binaryFmt.Serialize(fs, root);
            }

            // Deserialize
            using (var fs = new FileStream("Nested.xml", FileMode.OpenOrCreate))
            {
                deserialized = (Nested)binaryFmt.Deserialize(fs);
            }

            // deserialized.Children contains one null child
            Console.WriteLine("Original Name: {0}", root.Name);
            Console.WriteLine("New Name: {0}", deserialized.Name);
        }
    }
}

在上面的示例中,Nested.GetObjectData和Nested的序列化器构造函数被一次又一次地调用了4次。

将子类作为嵌套数组添加到序列化程序将在反序列化时返回正确大小的数组,但所有元素都将为null。

但是,在调用子项的构造函数之后,将类型从嵌套数组更改为嵌套列表将神奇地修复null元素。

我想知道的是:

  1. 嵌套列表有什么特别之处?
  2. 使用递归结构序列化类的推荐方法是什么?
  3. 更新

    似乎还有一个额外的接口,IDeserializationCallback.OnDeserialization,在发生反序列化后调用(调用顺序是非确定性的)。您可以将反序列化数组存储在构造函数中的临时成员变量中,然后将其分配给此方法中的列表。除非我遗漏了某些内容,否则这似乎不太理想,因为你必须使用临时变量来混淆你的实现。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

我选择复合模式。下面的解决方案解决了BinaryFormatter(就像在你的主要方面)和XmlSerializer方法,如果你要使用它。 CompositeComponent会替换您的Nested班级。

[Serializable()]
[XmlRoot("component", Namespace="", IsNullable=false)]
public partial class CT_Component 
{
    [XmlAttribute("name")]
    public string Name { get; set;}
}

[Serializable()]
[XmlRoot("composite", Namespace="", IsNullable=false)]
public partial class CT_Composite 
{
    [XmlElement("component", typeof(CT_Component))]
    [XmlElement("composite", typeof(CT_Composite))]
    public object[] Items { get; set; }

    [XmlAttribute("name")]
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

我是从以下xsd创建的,我总是从xsd到生成的类,因为我无法将属性修饰正确。它的要点是递归CT_Composite类型:

<xs:element name="component" type="CT_Component" />
<xs:element name="composite" type="CT_Composite" />
<xs:complexType name="CT_Component">
  <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required" />
</xs:complexType>
<xs:complexType name="CT_Composite" >
  <xs:choice minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded">
    <xs:element ref="component" />
    <xs:element name="composite" type="CT_Composite" />
  </xs:choice>
  <xs:attribute name="name" type="xs:string" use="required" />
</xs:complexType>

序列化代码是一样的。变量声明:

var composite = new CT_Composite() {
            Name = "root",
            Items = new object[] {
                new CT_Composite() {
                    Name = "child1",
                    Items = new object[] {
                        new CT_Component() {Name="child2"},
                        new CT_Component() {Name="child3"}
                    } } } };

如果你对这种模式更加正统,你可以使用:

[Serializable()]
[XmlRoot("component", Namespace="", IsNullable=false)]
public class Component {
    [XmlAttribute("name")] public string Name { get; set;}
}

[Serializable()]
[XmlRoot("composite", Namespace="", IsNullable=false)]
public class Composite : Component {
    [XmlElement("component", typeof(Component))]
    [XmlElement("composite", typeof(Composite))]
    public object[] Items { get; set; }
}