第二循环背后的逻辑

时间:2015-11-12 03:06:05

标签: java loops logic

最近我被要求进行一项任务,即编写一个简单的Java应用程序,将电话号码作为字符串读取,并打印出电话号码中每个数字的频率。然而,在与我的搭档仔细观察之后,我对于为什么需要第二个循环线感到困惑,代码如下:

public class CharacterFrequency {

public static Scanner kbd = new Scanner(System.in);

public static int MAXSIZE=10; //Constant for array size and easy change

public static void main(String[] args) {

    int telephoneNumArrayIndex = 0; //index where array will start checking
    char [] telephoneNumArray = new char[MAXSIZE]; //array holding tel Number digits.

    String telephoneNumber;//string that will that will read input from user.

    System.out.print("Please Enter a 10-digit Telephone Number: ");
    telephoneNumber = kbd.next();

    System.out.println("\nThe Following is the Number of Times Each Digit Appears:\n");

    //loop that will check and test  array for digits and ignore "white space" 
    //characters (-,*,., ,etc)
    for (int i = 0; i < telephoneNumber.length(); i++) {
        if (telephoneNumber.charAt(i) >= (char) 48
                && telephoneNumber.charAt(i) <= (char) 57) {
            telephoneNumArray[telephoneNumArrayIndex++] = telephoneNumber.charAt(i);
        }
    }

    //reasoning behind the loop. ??????
    int[] counter = new int[MAXSIZE];
    //loop to fill 
    for (int i = 0; i < counter.length; i++) {
        counter[i] = 0;
        System.out.println(counter[i]);
    }

    //loop that stores the frequency of each digit 0-9 to its corresponding array 
    //index. the char is then parsed to convert to int datatype in order to use the counter
    //in the array.
    for (int i = 0; i < telephoneNumArray.length; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
            if (telephoneNumArray[i] == (char) (j + 48)) {
                counter[j]++;
            }
        }
    }

    //loop that will display the frequency (counter[i]) of each digit (i),
    //used in a typical U.S. phone number by looping through each index of the array
    //and printing the number corresponding to that count from 0-9 

    for (int i = 0; i < telephoneNumArray.length; i++) {
        System.out.println(i + " - " + counter[i]);
    }


}

}

结果是相同的两种方式,但是想知道是否可能更有效率?

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

第二个循环的目的是将计数器数组中的所有值初始化为0。 但是在Java中,基元数组将每个元素初始化为其默认值。 int的默认值为0,因此计数器数组已将所有内容设置为0.因此该循环无意义且可以删除。

答案 1 :(得分:0)

有问题的循环用于初始化count数组中的值。许多语言中的未初始化变量为null,如果您尝试计算增量(I.E.操作null +1),您将获得异常,因为这不是受支持的操作。

这是一个有效的问题,也是在许多语言中进行这种循环(或其他初始化过程)的原因。但是在Java中并不需要它。在Java中,简单类型不能为null。这意味着,如果您没有初始化它们,则会转到默认值(0表示整数和短裤)。

请参阅this问题,以便对问题进行更深入的分析。