我有以下正则表达式:
pattern = '^[a-zA-Z0-9-_]*_(?P<pos>[A-Z]\d\d)_T\d{4}(?P<fID>F\d{3})L\d{2}A\d{2}(?P<zID>Z\d{2})(?P<cID>C\d{2})\.tif$'
匹配文件名,如下所示:
filename = '151006_655866_Z01_T0001F015L01A02Z01C03.tif'
与小组:
m = re.match(pattern, filename)
print m.group("pos") # Z01
print m.group("fID") # F015
print m.group("zID") # Z01
如何在Python中仅使用给定字符串替换指定的组?
我尝试将re.sub
与函数调用一起使用,但不知道此函数的外观如何:
def replace_function(matchobj):
# how to replace only a given match group?
# (the following replaces *all* occurrences of "Z01" in this example)
return matchobj.group(0).replace(matchobj.group("slice"), "---")
print re.sub(pattern, replace_function, filename)
我想要的结果是:
151006_655866_Z01_T0001F015L01A02---C03.tif
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您可以使用闭包和所选匹配组的开始/结束索引来执行您需要的操作:
import re
from functools import partial
pattern = '^[\w-]*_(?P<pos>[A-Z]\d{2})_T\d{4}(?P<fID>F\d{3})L\d{2}A\d{2}(?P<zID>Z\d{2})(?P<cID>C\d{2})\.tif$'
filename = '151006_655866_Z01_T0001F015L01A02Z01C03.tif'
def replace_closure(subgroup, replacement, m):
if m.group(subgroup) not in [None, '']:
start = m.start(subgroup)
end = m.end(subgroup)
return m.group()[:start] + replacement + m.group()[end:]
subgroup_list = ['pos', 'fID', 'zID', 'cID']
replacement = '---'
for subgroup in subgroup_list:
print re.sub(pattern, partial(replace_closure, subgroup, replacement), filename)
<强>输出强>:
151006_655866_---_T0001F015L01A02Z01C03.tif
151006_655866_Z01_T0001---L01A02Z01C03.tif
151006_655866_Z01_T0001F015L01A02---C03.tif
151006_655866_Z01_T0001F015L01A02Z01---.tif
可以使用在线实施here
答案 1 :(得分:2)
要获得所需的输出,只需捕获要开始和结束的内容
保留。在它之间插入---
。
查找^([a-zA-Z0-9_-]*_[A-Z]\d\d_T\d{4}F\d{3}L\d{2}A\d{2})Z\d{2}(C\d{2}\.tif)$
替换:$1---$2