Question

我需要支持来构建我自己的mongo docker镜像。

我有一个脚本列表，用于创建和插入MongoDB中的数据，这些脚本应在我的Dockerfile中调用，以提供具有默认集合和数据的docker镜像。

以下是我的Dockerfile目前的样子：

FROM mongo:latest

RUN mkdir -p /data/scripts

COPY . /data/scripts

RUN mongod --fork --logpath /var/log/mongodb.log --dbpath /data/db/

RUN FILES=scripts/*-create.js
RUN for f in $FILES; do mongo mydb $f; done

RUN FILES=scripts/*-insert.js
RUN for f in $FILES; do mongo mydb $f; done

RUN mongod --shutdown

我尝试了不同的选项来启动和停止mongod，并且总是两个中的一个失败，当前脚本引发了以下错误：

There doesn't seem to be a server running with dbpath: /data/db

更新

在@Matt回答之后我可以成功运行命令链，但仍然无法在那里看到我的数据库（称为my-db），集合和数据。

当前的Dockerfile：

FROM mongo:latest

RUN mkdir -p /data/db/scripts

COPY . /data/db

RUN mongod --fork --logpath /var/log/mongodb.log --dbpath /data/db \
    && CREATE_FILES=/data/db/scripts/*-create.js \
    && for f in $CREATE_FILES; do mongo 127.0.0.1:27017 $f; done \
    && INSERT_FILES=/data/db/scripts/*-insert.js \
    && for f in $INSERT_FILES; do mongo 127.0.0.1:27017 $f; done \
    && mongod --shutdown

docker build命令的输出：

Sending build context to Docker daemon 10.24 kB
Step 1 : FROM mongo:latest
 ---> c08c92f4cb13
Step 2 : RUN mkdir -p /data/db/scripts
 ---> Running in a7088943bb57
 ---> 373c7319927d
Removing intermediate container a7088943bb57
Step 3 : COPY . /data/db
 ---> 8fa84884edb7
Removing intermediate container ae43e2c24fee
Step 4 : RUN mongod --fork --logpath /var/log/mongodb.log --dbpath /data/db     && CREATE_FILES=/data/db/scripts/*-create.js    && for f in $CREATE_FILES; do mongo 127.0.0.1:27017 $f; done    && INSERT_FILES=/data/db/scripts/*-insert.js    && for f in $INSERT_FILES; do mongo 127.0.0.1:27017 $f; done    && mongod --shutdown
 ---> Running in 33970b6865ee
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections.
forked process: 10
child process started successfully, parent exiting
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.7
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27017/test
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.7
connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27017/test
killing process with pid: 10
 ---> 8451e43b7749
Removing intermediate container 33970b6865ee
Successfully built 8451e43b7749

但正如我所说，我仍然无法使用mongo shell在我的数据库中看到数据库，集合和数据。我还连接到正在运行的容器并获得了mongodb.log：

2015-11-06T16:15:14.562+0000 I JOURNAL  [initandlisten] journal dir=/data/db/journal
2015-11-06T16:15:14.562+0000 I JOURNAL  [initandlisten] recover : no journal files present, no recovery needed
2015-11-06T16:15:14.698+0000 I JOURNAL  [initandlisten] preallocateIsFaster=true 2.36
2015-11-06T16:15:14.746+0000 I JOURNAL  [durability] Durability thread started
2015-11-06T16:15:14.746+0000 I JOURNAL  [journal writer] Journal writer thread started
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] MongoDB starting : pid=10 port=27017 dbpath=/data/db 64-bit host=9c05d483673a
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended.
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'.
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to 'never'
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'.
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] **        We suggest setting it to 'never'
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] 
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] db version v3.0.7
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] git version: 6ce7cbe8c6b899552dadd907604559806aa2e9bd
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] build info: Linux ip-10-183-78-195 3.2.0-4-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 3.2.46-1 x86_64 BOOST_LIB_VERSION=1_49
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] allocator: tcmalloc
2015-11-06T16:15:14.747+0000 I CONTROL  [initandlisten] options: { processManagement: { fork: true }, storage: { dbPath: "/data/db" }, systemLog: { destination: "file", path: "/var/log/mongodb.log" } }
2015-11-06T16:15:14.748+0000 I INDEX    [initandlisten] allocating new ns file /data/db/local.ns, filling with zeroes...
2015-11-06T16:15:14.802+0000 I STORAGE  [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /data/db/local.0, filling with zeroes...
2015-11-06T16:15:14.802+0000 I STORAGE  [FileAllocator] creating directory /data/db/_tmp
2015-11-06T16:15:14.804+0000 I STORAGE  [FileAllocator] done allocating datafile /data/db/local.0, size: 64MB,  took 0 secs
2015-11-06T16:15:14.807+0000 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017
2015-11-06T16:15:14.830+0000 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:49641 #1 (1 connection now open)
2015-11-06T16:15:14.832+0000 I INDEX    [conn1] allocating new ns file /data/db/my-db.ns, filling with zeroes...
2015-11-06T16:15:14.897+0000 I STORAGE  [FileAllocator] allocating new datafile /data/db/my-db.0, filling with zeroes...
2015-11-06T16:15:14.898+0000 I STORAGE  [FileAllocator] done allocating datafile /data/db/my-db.0, size: 64MB,  took 0 secs
2015-11-06T16:15:14.904+0000 I NETWORK  [conn1] end connection 127.0.0.1:49641 (0 connections now open)
2015-11-06T16:15:14.945+0000 I NETWORK  [initandlisten] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:49642 #2 (1 connection now open)
2015-11-06T16:15:14.958+0000 I NETWORK  [conn2] end connection 127.0.0.1:49642 (0 connections now open)
2015-11-06T16:15:14.982+0000 I CONTROL  [signalProcessingThread] got signal 15 (Terminated), will terminate after current cmd ends
2015-11-06T16:15:14.982+0000 I CONTROL  [signalProcessingThread] now exiting
2015-11-06T16:15:14.982+0000 I NETWORK  [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: going to close listening sockets...
2015-11-06T16:15:14.982+0000 I NETWORK  [signalProcessingThread] closing listening socket: 6
2015-11-06T16:15:14.982+0000 I NETWORK  [signalProcessingThread] closing listening socket: 7
2015-11-06T16:15:14.982+0000 I NETWORK  [signalProcessingThread] removing socket file: /tmp/mongodb-27017.sock
2015-11-06T16:15:14.982+0000 I NETWORK  [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: going to flush diaglog...
2015-11-06T16:15:14.982+0000 I NETWORK  [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: going to close sockets...
2015-11-06T16:15:14.982+0000 I STORAGE  [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: waiting for fs preallocator...
2015-11-06T16:15:14.982+0000 I STORAGE  [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: final commit...
2015-11-06T16:15:15.008+0000 I JOURNAL  [signalProcessingThread] journalCleanup...
2015-11-06T16:15:15.008+0000 I JOURNAL  [signalProcessingThread] removeJournalFiles
2015-11-06T16:15:15.009+0000 I JOURNAL  [signalProcessingThread] Terminating durability thread ...
2015-11-06T16:15:15.088+0000 I JOURNAL  [journal writer] Journal writer thread stopped
2015-11-06T16:15:15.088+0000 I JOURNAL  [durability] Durability thread stopped
2015-11-06T16:15:15.088+0000 I STORAGE  [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: closing all files...
2015-11-06T16:15:15.090+0000 I STORAGE  [signalProcessingThread] closeAllFiles() finished
2015-11-06T16:15:15.090+0000 I STORAGE  [signalProcessingThread] shutdown: removing fs lock...
2015-11-06T16:15:15.090+0000 I CONTROL  [signalProcessingThread] dbexit:  rc: 0

我还检查了文件夹/ data / db内容：

root@fbaf17233182:/data/db# ls -al
total 16
drwxr-xr-x 3 mongodb mongodb 4096 Nov  6 16:15 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root    root    4096 Nov  6 16:15 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root    root    4096 Nov  5 18:55 scripts

可能有所帮助：

Parent Dockerfile
父Dockerfile ENTRYPOINT

Answer 1

问题是无法在/db/data上保存信息，因此我创建了一个创建自己的数据目录的解决方案。

# Parent Dockerfile https://github.com/docker-library/mongo/blob/982328582c74dd2f0a9c8c77b84006f291f974c3/3.0/Dockerfile
FROM mongo:latest

# Modify child mongo to use /data/db2 as dbpath (because /data/db wont persist the build)
RUN mkdir -p /data/db2 \
    && echo "dbpath = /data/db2" > /etc/mongodb.conf \
    && chown -R mongodb:mongodb /data/db2

COPY . /data/db2

RUN mongod --fork --logpath /var/log/mongodb.log --dbpath /data/db2 --smallfiles \
    && CREATE_FILES=/data/db2/scripts/*-create.js \
    && for f in $CREATE_FILES; do mongo 127.0.0.1:27017 $f; done \
    && INSERT_FILES=/data/db2/scripts/*-insert.js \
    && for f in $INSERT_FILES; do mongo 127.0.0.1:27017 $f; done \
    && mongod --dbpath /data/db2 --shutdown \
    && chown -R mongodb /data/db2

# Make the new dir a VOLUME to persists it 
VOLUME /data/db2

CMD ["mongod", "--config", "/etc/mongodb.conf", "--smallfiles"]

感谢来自docker-library/mongo Github项目的@yosifkit，指出该卷会将数据存储在生成的图像中。我错过了文档。

Answer 2

在docker镜像构建期间，每个构建命令（如RUN）都会在其自己的docker容器中启动，然后在命令完成时，数据将作为图像提交。如果您在进行构建时运行dockviz images --tree，您将会明白这一点。

在你的情况下mongod已经开始和停止很久才需要它。您需要在RUN步骤中启动mongo并运行所有脚本。您可以通过使用启动mongod并插入数据的shell脚本来实现。

您的Dockerfile将会运行：

RUN mongo_create_insert.sh

然后mongo_create_insert.sh包含所有依赖于mongo的步骤：

#!/usr/bin/env bash

mongod --fork --logpath /var/log/mongodb.log --dbpath /data/db/

FILES=scripts/*-create.js
for f in $FILES; do mongo mydb $f; done

FILES=scripts/*-insert.js
for f in $FILES; do mongo mydb $f; done

mongod --shutdown

作为旁注，我倾向于在我的基本映像中安装Ansible并使用它在单RUN命令中配置Docker映像，而不是在Dockerfile中执行大量shell RUN步骤（这只是一个美化的shell脚本到底）。你失去了一些构建缓存的好处，但我们已经开始使用shell脚本进行配置了。

Answer 3

根据DockerHub上映像的描述，有一个更干净，更简单的解决方案。

首次启动容器时，它将执行文件带有.sh和.js扩展名 /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d。文件将按字母顺序执行订购。 .js文件将由mongo使用数据库执行由MONGO_INITDB_DATABASE变量指定（如果存在），或者否则测试。您也可以在.js脚本中切换数据库。

首先，Dockerfile就像

一样简单

FROM mongo:4
COPY setup.sh /docker-entrypoint-initdb.d/
COPY scripts /

然后，在setup.sh中，添加您的用户/集合创建脚本，例如

mongo=( mongo --host 127.0.0.1 --port 27017 --quiet )
mongo+=(
    --username="$MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME"
    --password="$MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD"
    --authenticationDatabase="$rootAuthDatabase"
)

CREATE_FILES=/scripts/*-create.js 
for f in $CREATE_FILES; do "${mongo[@]}" "$MONGO_INITDB_DATABASE" $f; done 

INSERT_FILES=/scripts/*-insert.js 
for f in $INSERT_FILES; do "${mongo[@]}" "$MONGO_INITDB_DATABASE" $f; done

如何使用默认集合和数据创建Mongo Docker镜像？

3 个答案: