我需要检索员工列表，并为每位员工提供他们在给定年份积极参与福利保险的月份清单。有一个包含工作数据的表格和一个包含福利信息的表格。还有一个交付日期表，列出了2007-2018的每个日期，并显示了每个日期，它显示了月中的某一天，一年中的一个月和日历年。
我现在编写查询的方式是：在提示年份的01/01到12/31之间找到日期表上的所有日期（或者当前日期，以较旧者为准）， 2）员工在福利表上活跃期间。对于每个日期，我还希望截至该日期的工作表中的deptid和福利表中的福利计划。然后我做了一个独特的，只显示每个员工的年份和日历年。
这样可行，但当我尝试为其中有很多人的部门进行此操作时，问题就出现了。运行需要很长时间，我相信因为它为每个员工检索多达365行，然后只显示其中的12行，因为它只是拉不同的月份。我觉得有更好的方法可以做到这一点，我只是想不出它是什么。
以下是我正在使用的表格的一些简化示例：
THE_DATE MONTHOFYEAR CALENDAR_YEAR
01-OCT-15 10 2015
02-OCT-15 10 2015
03-OCT-15 10 2015
...
（A =有效; I =无效）
EMPLID EFFDT DEPTID HR_STATUS
00123 01-FEB-15 900 A
00123 30-JUN-15 900 I
00123 01-AUG-15 901 A
EMPLID EFFDT BENEFIT_PLAN STATUS
00123 01-MAR-15 PPO A
00123 31-JUL-15 I
00123 01-SEP-15 HMO A
EMPLID CALENDAR_YEAR MONTHOFYEAR DEPTID BENEFIT_PLAN
00123 2015 3 900 PPO
00123 2015 4 900 PPO
00123 2015 5 900 PPO
00123 2015 6 900 PPO
00123 2015 7 900 PPO
00123 2015 9 901 HMO
00123 2015 10 901 HMO
00123 2015 11 901 HMO
^ (shows November row even though employee was only covered for part of this month)
SELECT DISTINCT J.EMPLID, D.CALENDAR_YEAR, D.MONTHOFYEAR, J.DEPTID, B.BENEFIT_PLAN
FROM DATES D,
JOBS J
JOIN
BENEFITS B
ON J.EMPLID = B.EMPLID
WHERE D.THE_DATE <= SYSDATE
AND D.THE_DATE BETWEEN
TO_DATE(:YEAR_PROMPT || '01-01', 'YYYY-MM-DD')
AND
TO_DATE(:YEAR_PROMPT || '12-31', 'YYYY-MM-DD')
AND B.STATUS = 'A'
AND D.THE_DATE BETWEEN
B.EFFDT
AND
NVL(SELECT MIN(B_ED.EFFDT)
FROM BENEFITS B_ED
WHERE B_ED.EMPLID = B.EMPLID
AND B_ED.EFFDT > B.EFFDT
, SYSDATE)
AND J.EFFDT = (SELECT MAX(J_ED.EFFDT)
FROM JOBS J_ED
WHERE J_ED.EMPLID = J.EMPLID
AND J_ED.EFFDT <= D.THE_DATE)
不是说＆＃34;检索每一个日期并检查它是否符合标准＆＃34;，我可以以某种方式更改逻辑以获得相同的结果而不会搅动这么多行吗？
答案 0 :(得分：2)
是;通过使用LEAD()分析函数，您可以计算作业和福利表中的下一个effdt，这样可以更容易地在范围之间进行查询。
类似的东西：
with dates as (select trunc(sysdate, 'yyyy') - 1 + level the_date,
to_number(to_char(trunc(sysdate, 'yyyy') - 1 + level, 'mm')) monthofyear,
to_number(to_char(sysdate, 'yyyy')) calendar_year
from dual
connect by level <= 365),
jobs as (select 123 emplid, to_date('01/02/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 900 deptid, 'A' hr_status from dual union all
select 123 emplid, to_date('30/06/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 900 deptid, 'I' hr_status from dual union all
select 123 emplid, to_date('01/08/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 901 deptid, 'A' hr_status from dual),
benefits as (select 123 emplid, to_date('01/03/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 'PPO' benefit_plan, 'A' status from dual union all
select 123 emplid, to_date('31/07/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, null benefit_plan, 'I' status from dual union all
select 123 emplid, to_date('01/09/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 'HMO' benefit_plan, 'A' status from dual),
-- ********* end of mimicking your tables ********* --
j as (select emplid,
effdt,
deptid,
hr_status,
lead(effdt, 1, sysdate) over (partition by emplid order by effdt) next_effdt
from jobs),
b as (select emplid,
effdt,
benefit_plan,
status,
lead(effdt, 1, sysdate) over (partition by emplid order by effdt) next_effdt
from benefits)
select distinct j.emplid,
d.calendar_year,
d.monthofyear,
j.deptid,
b.benefit_plan
from j
inner join dates d on (d.the_date >= j.effdt and d.the_date < j.next_effdt)
inner join b on (j.emplid = b.emplid)
where d.the_date <= sysdate
and d.the_date between to_date (:year_prompt || '01-01', 'YYYY-MM-DD')
and to_date (:year_prompt || '12-31', 'YYYY-MM-DD') -- if no index on d.the_date, maybe use trunc(the_date, 'yyyy') = :year_prompt
and b.status = 'A'
and d.the_date between b.effdt and b.next_effdt
order by 1, 4, 2, 3;
EMPLID CALENDAR_YEAR MONTHOFYEAR DEPTID BENEFIT_PLAN
---------- ------------- ----------- ---------- ------------
123 2015 3 900 PPO
123 2015 4 900 PPO
123 2015 5 900 PPO
123 2015 6 900 PPO
123 2015 7 900 PPO
123 2015 9 901 HMO
123 2015 10 901 HMO
123 2015 11 901 HMO
（显然，您可以从上述查询中排除dates，jobs和benefits子查询，因为您已经拥有这些表。它们只会出现在查询中模拟包含该数据的表，而无需实际创建表。）。
ETA：这是一个根据传入的年份计算12个月的版本，它将日期行减少到12行，而不是365/366行。
不幸的是，您仍然需要使用distinct，以便考虑当您在同一个月开始有多行时。
例如，对于以下示例中的数据，如果删除了distinct，则第6个月最终会有3行。但是，distinct运行的行数将远远少于以前的行。
with dates as (select add_months(to_date(:year_prompt || '-01-01', 'YYYY-MM-DD'), - 1 + level) the_date,
level monthofyear,
:year_prompt calendar_year -- assuming this is a number
from dual
connect by level <= 12),
jobs as (select 123 emplid, to_date('01/02/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 900 deptid, 'A' hr_status from dual union all
select 123 emplid, to_date('15/06/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 900 deptid, 'I' hr_status from dual union all
select 123 emplid, to_date('26/06/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 900 deptid, 'A' hr_status from dual union all
select 123 emplid, to_date('01/08/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 901 deptid, 'A' hr_status from dual),
benefits as (select 123 emplid, to_date('01/03/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 'PPO' benefit_plan, 'A' status from dual union all
select 123 emplid, to_date('31/07/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, null benefit_plan, 'I' status from dual union all
select 123 emplid, to_date('01/09/2015', 'dd/mm/yyyy') effdt, 'HMO' benefit_plan, 'A' status from dual),
-- ********* end of mimicking your tables ********* --
j as (select emplid,
trunc(effdt, 'mm') effdt,
deptid,
hr_status,
trunc(coalesce(lead(effdt) over (partition by emplid order by effdt) -1, sysdate), 'mm') end_effdt
-- subtracting 1 from the lead(effdt) since here since the original sql had d.the_date < j.next_effdt and we need
-- to take into account when the next_effdt is the first of the month; we want the previous month to be displayed
from jobs),
b as (select emplid,
trunc(effdt, 'mm') effdt,
benefit_plan,
status,
trunc(lead(effdt, 1, sysdate) over (partition by emplid order by effdt), 'mm') end_effdt
from benefits)
select distinct j.emplid,
d.calendar_year,
d.monthofyear,
j.deptid,
b.benefit_plan
from j
inner join dates d on (d.the_date between j.effdt and j.end_effdt)
inner join b on (j.emplid = b.emplid)
where d.the_date <= sysdate
and b.status = 'A'
and d.the_date between b.effdt and b.end_effdt
order by 1, 4, 2, 3;
EMPLID CALENDAR_YEAR MONTHOFYEAR DEPTID BENEFIT_PLAN
---------- ------------- ----------- ---------- --------------------------------
123 2015 3 900 PPO
123 2015 4 900 PPO
123 2015 5 900 PPO
123 2015 6 900 PPO
123 2015 6 900 PPO
123 2015 7 900 PPO
123 2015 9 901 HMO
123 2015 10 901 HMO
123 2015 11 901 HMO