Question

我正在尝试从科学论文摘要（available here）的文本语料库中读取数据。我在下面发布了一个示例文件，其中我用

读取了数据

with open(filePath, "r") as f:
    data = f.readlines()
for i, x in enumerate(data): print i, x

我想只提取第25行的类别名称和摘要中的文本;所以在下面的示例中将是("Commercial exploitation over the...", "Life Science Biological")。我不能假设类别名称和摘要总是出现在这些特定的行号上。摘要将始终跟在Abstract之后的2行，并运行到文件的末尾。

0 Title       : CRB: Genetic Diversity of Endangered Populations of Mysticete Whales:

1                Mitochondrial DNA and Historical Demography

2 Type        : Award

3 NSF Org     : DEB 

4 Latest

5 Amendment

6 Date        : August 1,  1991     

7 File        : a9000006

8 

9 Award Number: 9000006

10 Award Instr.: Continuing grant                             

11 Prgm Manager: Scott Collins                           

12        DEB  DIVISION OF ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY       

13        BIO  DIRECT FOR BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES          

14 Start Date  : June 1,  1990       

15 Expires     : November 30,  1992   (Estimated)

16 Expected

17 Total Amt.  : $179720             (Estimated)

18 Investigator: Stephen R. Palumbi   (Principal Investigator current)

19 Sponsor     : U of Hawaii Manoa

20        2530 Dole Street

21        Honolulu, HI  968222225    808/956-7800

22 

23 NSF Program : 1127      SYSTEMATIC & POPULATION BIOLO

24 Fld Applictn: 0000099   Other Applications NEC                  

25               61        Life Science Biological                 

26 Program Ref : 9285,

27 Abstract    :

28                                                                                              

29               Commercial exploitation over the past two hundred years drove                  

30               the great Mysticete whales to near extinction.  Variation in                   

31               the sizes of populations prior to exploitation, minimal                        

32               population size during exploitation and current population                     

33               sizes permit analyses of the effects of differing levels of                    

34               exploitation on species with different biogeographical                         

35               distributions and life-history characteristics.  Dr. Stephen                   

36               Palumbi at the University of Hawaii will study the genetic                     

37               population structure of three whale species in this context,                   

38               the Humpback Whale, the Gray Whale and the Bowhead Whale.  The                 

39               effect of demographic history will be determined by comparing                  

40               the genetic structure of the three species.  Additional studies                

41               will be carried out on the Humpback Whale.  The humpback has a                 

42               world-wide distribution, but the Atlantic and Pacific                          

43               populations of the northern hemisphere appear to be discrete                   

44               populations, as is the population of the southern hemispheric                  

45               oceans.  Each of these oceanic populations may be further                      

46               subdivided into smaller isolates, each with its own migratory                  

47               pattern and somewhat distinct gene pool.  This study will                      

48               provide information on the level of genetic isolation among                    

49               populations and the levels of gene flow and genealogical                       

50               relationships among populations.  This detailed genetic                        

51               information will facilitate international policy decisions                     

52               regarding the conservation and management of these magnificent                 

53               mammals

更新：以下代码适用于我，但是有更有效的方法吗？使用open（filePath，“r”）作为f： data = f.readlines（）

  # Find the abstract and category
  abstract = re.compile("Abstract")
  for i, line in enumerate(data):
    if abstract.search(line): break
  # i is the line number of the "Abstract" identifier
  temp = "".join(data[i+1:])
  abstractText = " ".join(re.findall('[A-Za-z]+', temp))
  category = " ".join(re.findall('[A-Za-z]+', data[i-2]))

  return abstractText, category

Answer 1

你有什么尝试过？

如果格式一致，则可以使用正则表达式执行此操作。

可以捕获摘要的示例如下：

abstract = re.compile(u"Abstract:([\s\w\d]*)", re.MULTILINE)

上面的代码假定抽象文本之后没有任何内容，并且摘要的主体总是由＆＃34;抽象：＆＃34;

在Python中提取文本文件的特定部分

1 个答案: