非常感谢您提前帮助我 - 我是R编程的新手，并且一直试图使用通过另一个函数接受的用户输入。第二个功能是一个简单的工资计算器，其中三个变量是小时数，每小时工资率和一旦工作小时数超过180时费率乘以的次数。我写了一个名为enterval的第一个函数，我通过它我要求用户输入上述变量。在第二个名为salary的函数中，我试图在运行支付计算之前使用enterval接受输入。我陷入困境，因为第二个函数，工资，当我达到“if”条件时，它正在破坏，指定h＆gt;我在下面分享我的代码。再次感谢您的帮助。我在之前的答案中搜索过但找不到完全回答我的查询的特定实例 - 如果我错过了之前适当的回复，请道歉。 我在运行此代码时遇到的错误是“h> 180中的错误： 比较（6）仅适用于原子和列表类型“
enterval <- function() {
h <- (readline("Please enter number of hours: "))
h <- as.integer(h)
r <- (readline("Please enter applicable rate: "))
r <- as.integer(r)
m <- (readline("Please confirm your multiplier: "))
m <- as.integer(m)
}
salary <- function () {
enterval()
if (h > 180) {
totalpay <- (180*r) + ((h-180)*r*m)
}
else {
totalpay <- (h*r)
}
totalpay
}
答案 0 :(得分：2)
我认为你需要的是这样的功能：
//if the user inputs equals go
else if (parts.length == 2 && parts[0].equalsIgnoreCase("go"))
{
//if the second part of the input is nth
if(parts[1].equalsIgnoreCase("nth"))
{
//gets the room the player is in
Room temp = getRoomLoc(player.getLocation());
//if the player can move north
if(temp.canMoveNth())
{
//sets the player's location to the room to the north
player.setLocation(temp.getNth());
}
//if the player can't move north this checks why
if(!temp.canMoveNth())
{
//if there is a door to the north
if(temp.getNth()>-1)
{
//checks if the door is locked
if(temp.getRoomlock().NthLocked)
{
//this code shouldn't run if there isn't a door
System.out.println("The Door to the north is "
+ "locked");
}
else
{
//if this runs something is FUBAR
System.out.println("Error, you broke it: North");
}
}
//if there isn't a door to the north
else
{
System.out.print("There is no door to the north.");
}
}
}
//if the second part of the player's input is south
else if(parts[1].equalsIgnoreCase("sth"))
{
//gets the player's location
Room temp = getRoomLoc(player.getLocation());
//if the player can move south
if(temp.canMoveSth())
{
//sets the players location to the south
player.setLocation(temp.getSth());
}
//if the player can't move south
if(!temp.canMoveSth())
{
//if there is a door
if(temp.getSth()>-1)
{
//checks if it is locked
if(temp.getRoomlock().SthLocked)
{
//this code shouldn't run if there isn't a door
System.out.println("The Door to the south is "
+ "locked");
}
else
{
//if this runs something is FUBAR
System.out.println("Error, you broke it: South");
}
}
//if there isn't a door
else
{
System.out.print("There is no door to the south.");
}
}
}
//if the second part of the player's input is east
else if(parts[1].equalsIgnoreCase("est"))
{
//gets the the player's location
Room temp = getRoomLoc(player.getLocation());
//if the player can move east
if(temp.canMoveEst())
{
//sets the player's location to the east
player.setLocation(temp.getEst());
}
//if the player can't move east
if(!temp.canMoveEst())
{
//if there is a door
if(temp.getEst()>-1)
{
//checks if it is locked
if(temp.getRoomlock().EstLocked)
{
//this code shouldn't run if there isn't a door
System.out.println("The Door to the east is "
+ "locked");
}
else
{
//if this runs something is FUBAR
System.out.println("Error, you broke it: East");
}
}
//if there is no door
else
{
System.out.print("There is no door to the east.");
}
}
}
//if the second part of the player's input is west
else if(parts[1].equalsIgnoreCase("wst"))
{
//gets the player's location
Room temp = getRoomLoc(player.getLocation());
//if the player can move west
if(temp.canMoveWst())
{
//sets the player's location to the west
player.setLocation(temp.getSth());
}
//if the player can't move west
if(!temp.canMoveWst())
{
//if there is a door
if(temp.getWst()>-1)
{
//checks if it is locked
if(temp.getRoomlock().SthLocked)
{
//this code shouldn't run if there isn't a door
System.out.println("The Door to the west is "
+ "locked");
}
else
{
//if this runs something is FUBAR
System.out.println("Error, you broke it: West");
}
}
//if there is no door
else
{
System.out.print("There is no door to the west.");
}
}
}
else
{
System.out.println("\""+ parts[1] +"\""+" is not a valid "
+ "direction");
}
输出：
enterval <- function() {
h <- (readline("Please enter number of hours: "))
h <- as.numeric(h)
r <- (readline("Please enter applicable rate: "))
r <- as.numeric(r)
m <- (readline("Please confirm your multiplier: "))
m <- as.numeric(m)
list(h=h, r=r, m=m)
}
salary <- function () {
inputs <- enterval()
if (inputs$h > 180) {
totalpay <- (180*inputs$r) + ((inputs$h-180)*inputs$r*inputs$m)
}
else {
totalpay <- (inputs$h*inputs$r)
}
totalpay
}
在您的问题中，> salary()
Please enter number of hours: 5
Please enter applicable rate: 0.5
Please confirm your multiplier: 2
[1] 2.5
只返回enterval中存储的值，但即使没有保存在任何地方（因为您没有将其分配给m内的变量，所以它不能由salary使用。在R函数中只返回最后一个对象（或者如果使用函数salary则返回的内容）。在上面的函数中，我返回一个包含元素return，{{的列表1}}和h。
然后我将该列表保存到r，m可以使用该列表。可以使用inputs运算符访问salary中的元素。
此外，作为一个小小的添加，当你说率我相信它是0-1之间的数字所以我将inputs更改为$因为as.integer将向下舍入到整数。如果确实需要整数，请随意将其更改回as.numeric。
修改
更好，可能更高级的写作方式as.integer：
根据@RichardScriven的评论，避免键入所有as.integer变量的好方法是使用salary，如下所示：
input$* list2env基本上会从salary的环境中的列表元素中创建变量，这些变量可以立即访问，而无需使用salary <- function () {
inputs <- enterval()
list2env(inputs, environment())
if (h > 180) {
totalpay <- (180*r) + (h-180)*r*m)
}
else {
totalpay <- (h*r)
}
totalpay
}
。
答案 1 :(得分：1)
R函数中分配的变量（类似于许多其他编程语言）的范围有限，这意味着您在函数中指定的m只能在该函数中使用。如果您希望变量在函数外部可用，则有两个主要选项：
返回变量，这是首选选项，它更清晰，并且是很好的编程习惯，因为很多原因在很多堆栈溢出帖子中描述。要记住的一件重要事情是函数只能返回一个变量。
您可以进行全局分配，这将使您的函数中的变量具有全局范围，并且可以在所有函数中访问。与m <<- 1相反，此代码为m <- 1。出于各种原因，不建议这样做。有关此主题的更多信息，请参阅Global variables in R或Global and local variables in R。
由于您只能返回一个变量，因此您可以将所有三个对象放入数据框或列表中并返回该变量。虽然我会质疑你是否想要在函数中完成值输入。此外，如果您的用户输入是您的目标的主要内容，则R可能不是正确的语言。这就是说下面的代码实现了你正在寻找的东西
enterval <- function() {
h <- (readline("Please enter number of hours: "))
h <- as.integer(h)
r <- (readline("Please enter applicable rate: "))
r <- as.integer(r)
m <- (readline("Please confirm your multiplier: "))
m <- as.integer(m)
salaryVariables <- data.frame("hours" = h, "rate" = r, "multiplier" = m)
return(salaryVariables)
}
salary <- function(salaryInfo) {
r <- salaryInfo$rate
h <- salaryInfo$hours
m <- salaryInfo$multiplier
if (h > 180) {
totalpay <- (180*r) + ((h-180)*r*m)
}
else {
totalpay <- (h*r)
}
return(totalpay)
}
mySalary <- enterval()
salary(mySalary)