如何从python

时间:2015-10-29 13:23:52

标签: python datetime gps

我有像这样的gps未分段时间:

Tgps = 1092121243.0

我想了解那个日期和时间。 GPS时间的开始时间是1980年1月6日.Python功能

datetime.utcfromtimestamp 

从1970年1月1日起可以给出秒数。

我找到了以下内容:

from datetime import datetime
GPSfromUTC = (datetime(1980,1,6) - datetime(1970,1,1)).total_seconds()
curDate = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(Tgps + GPSfromUTC) 

Out[83]: datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 15, 7, 0, 43)

我不确定leapseconds它们是否包含在函数datetime中,或者我应该计算它们并从结果中减去? 可能还存在更好的解决这个问题的方法吗?

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:14)

GPS时间与UTC同步:1980-01-06 (UTC) == 1980-01-06 (GPS)。两者都在SI秒内打勾。 GPS时间和UTC时间之间的差异随着每个(插入)闰秒而增加。

要查找正确的UTC时间,您需要知道给定GPS时间之前发生的闰秒数:

#!/usr/bin/env python
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

# utc = 1980-01-06UTC + (gps - (leap_count(2014) - leap_count(1980)))
utc = datetime(1980, 1, 6) + timedelta(seconds=1092121243.0 - (35 - 19))
print(utc)

输出

2014-08-15 07:00:27 # (UTC)

其中leap_count(date)是在给定日期之前引入的闰秒数。来自TAI-UTC table(注意:该网站是闰秒的权威来源。它发布Bulletin C announcing new leap seconds):

1980..: 19s 
2012..: 35s

因此:

(leap_count(2014) - leap_count(1980)) == (35 - 19)

如果您使用的是Unix,则可以使用"right"时区从TAI时间获取UTC时间 (并且很容易从GPS时间获得TAI时间:TAI = GPS + 19 seconds (constant offset)):

#!/usr/bin/env python
import os
import time

os.environ['TZ'] = 'right/UTC' # TAI scale with 1970-01-01 00:00:10 (TAI) epoch
time.tzset() # Unix

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

gps_timestamp = 1092121243.0 # input
gps_epoch_as_gps = datetime(1980, 1, 6) 
# by definition
gps_time_as_gps = gps_epoch_as_gps + timedelta(seconds=gps_timestamp) 
gps_time_as_tai = gps_time_as_gps + timedelta(seconds=19) # constant offset
tai_epoch_as_tai = datetime(1970, 1, 1, 0, 0, 10)
# by definition
tai_timestamp = (gps_time_as_tai - tai_epoch_as_tai).total_seconds() 
print(datetime.utcfromtimestamp(tai_timestamp)) # "right" timezone is in effect!

输出

2014-08-15 07:00:27 # (UTC)

如果从相应的tzfile(5)中提取闰秒列表,则可以避免更改时区。它是前两种方法的组合,其中第一种方法的闰计算自动化,并使用第二种方法的自动更新tzdatathe tz database的系统包):

>>> from datetime import datetime, timedelta
>>> import leapseconds
>>> leapseconds.gps_to_utc(datetime(1980,1,6) + timedelta(seconds=1092121243.0))
datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 15, 7, 0, 27)

其中leapseconds.py可以从/usr/share/zoneinfo/right/UTC文件(tzdata包的一部分)提取闰秒。

所有三种方法都会产生相同的结果。

答案 1 :(得分:4)

我使用以下计算闰秒的函数:

import bisect
from datetime import datetime, timedelta

_LEAP_DATES = ((1981, 6, 30), (1982, 6, 30), (1983, 6, 30),
               (1985, 6, 30), (1987, 12, 31), (1989, 12, 31),
               (1990, 12, 31), (1992, 6, 30), (1993, 6, 30),
               (1994, 6, 30), (1995, 12, 31), (1997, 6, 30),
               (1998, 12, 31), (2005, 12, 31), (2008, 12, 31),
               (2012, 6, 30), (2015, 6, 30), (2016, 12, 31))

LEAP_DATES = tuple(datetime(i[0], i[1], i[2], 23, 59, 59) for i in _LEAP_DATES)

def leap(date):
    """
    Return the number of leap seconds since 1980-01-01

    :param date: datetime instance
    :return: leap seconds for the date (int)
    """
    # bisect.bisect returns the index `date` would have to be
    # inserted to keep `LEAP_DATES` sorted, so is the number of
    # values in `LEAP_DATES` that are less than `date`, or the
    # number of leap seconds.
    return bisect.bisect(LEAP_DATES, date)

当然,您需要偶尔更新_LEAP_DATES,但这些更新非常少见。

一般情况下,GPS时间由两个数字组成: GPS周以及自当前GPS周开始以来的数量。因此,您可以使用以下内容:

def gps2utc(week, secs):
    """
    :param week: GPS week number, i.e. 1866
    :param secs: number of seconds since the beginning of `week`
    :return: datetime instance with UTC time
    """
    secs_in_week = 604800
    gps_epoch = datetime(1980, 1, 6, 0, 0, 0)
    date_before_leaps = gps_epoch + timedelta(seconds=week * secs_in_week + secs)
    return date_before_leaps - timedelta(seconds=leap(date_before_leaps))

在您的案例中week = 0,所以:

In [1]: gps2utc(0, 1092121243.0)
Out[1]: datetime.datetime(2014, 8, 15, 7, 0, 27)

答案 2 :(得分:4)

您可以使用astropy.time包执行此操作:

from astropy.time import Time
mytime = 1172361618
t = Time(mytime, format='gps')
t = Time(t, format='iso')
print t

返回:

2017-03-01 00:00:37.000

我认为在astropy报告的UNIX时间和严格的POSIX定义之间的1秒级别有一些轻微的定义,但这很接近。