Question

我需要为现有的MySQL数据库创建一个Web API C＃应用程序。我设法使用Entity Framework 6将每个数据库表绑定到RESTful API （允许CRUD操作）。

我想实现一个登录/注册系统（以便我以后可以实现角色和权限，并限制某些API请求）。

我必须使用的MySQL数据库有一个用户（称为user）的表，其中包含以下不言自明的列：

id
email
username
password_hash

似乎事实上的身份验证标准是ASP.Net Identity。我花了最后一小时试图弄清楚如何使用现有的DB-First Entity Framework设置来使用Identity。

如果我尝试构建ApplicationUser实例存储user实例（来自MySQL数据库的实体）来检索用户数据，我会收到以下错误：

实体类型ApplicationUser不是当前上下文模型的一部分。

我假设我需要在我的MySQL数据库中存储身份数据，但找不到任何有关如何执行此操作的资源。我已尝试完全删除ApplicationUser类并使user实体类派生自IdentityUser，但调用UserManager.CreateAsync会导致LINQ to Entities转换错误。

如何在具有现有user实体的Web API 2应用程序中设置身份验证？

Answer 1

你说：

我想实现一个登录/注册系统（这样我就可以   在将来实施角色和权限，并限制某些   API请求）。

如何在Web API 2应用程序中设置身份验证，具有   现有的用户实体？

这绝对意味着您不要需要ASP.NET身份。 ASP.NET Identity是一种处理所有用户资料的技术。它实际上并没有＆＃34; make＆＃34;认证机制。 ASP.NET Identity使用OWIN身份验证机制，这是另一回事。

您正在寻找的不是＆＃34;如何将ASP.NET身份用于我现有的用户表＆＃34; ，但＆＃34;如何配置OWIN身份验证使用我现有的用户表＆＃34;

要使用OWIN Auth，请执行以下步骤：

安装软件包：

Owin
Microsoft.AspNet.Cors
Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Client
Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Core
Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.Owin
Microsoft.AspNet.WebApi.WebHost
Microsoft.Owin
Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb
Microsoft.Owin.Security
Microsoft.Owin.Security.OAuth

在根文件夹中创建Startup.cs文件（示例）：

确保[assembly：OwinStartup]配置正确

[assembly: OwinStartup(typeof(YourProject.Startup))]
namespace YourProject
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public void Configuration(IAppBuilder app)
        {
            var config = new HttpConfiguration();
            //other configurations

            ConfigureOAuth(app);
            app.UseCors(Microsoft.Owin.Cors.CorsOptions.AllowAll);
            app.UseWebApi(config);
        }

        public void ConfigureOAuth(IAppBuilder app)
        {
            var oAuthServerOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions()
            {
                AllowInsecureHttp = true,
                TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/api/security/token"),
                AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromHours(2),
                Provider = new AuthorizationServerProvider()
            };

            app.UseOAuthAuthorizationServer(oAuthServerOptions);
            app.UseOAuthBearerAuthentication(new OAuthBearerAuthenticationOptions());
        }
    }

    public class AuthorizationServerProvider : OAuthAuthorizationServerProvider
    {
        public override async Task ValidateClientAuthentication(OAuthValidateClientAuthenticationContext context)
        {
            context.Validated();
        }

        public override async Task GrantResourceOwnerCredentials(OAuthGrantResourceOwnerCredentialsContext context)
        {
            context.OwinContext.Response.Headers.Add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", new[] { "*" });

            try
            {
                //retrieve your user from database. ex:
                var user = await userService.Authenticate(context.UserName, context.Password);

                var identity = new ClaimsIdentity(context.Options.AuthenticationType);

                identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, user.Name));
                identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Email, user.Email));

                //roles example
                var rolesTechnicalNamesUser = new List<string>();

                if (user.Roles != null)
                {
                    rolesTechnicalNamesUser = user.Roles.Select(x => x.TechnicalName).ToList();

                    foreach (var role in user.Roles)
                        identity.AddClaim(new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, role.TechnicalName));
                }

                var principal = new GenericPrincipal(identity, rolesTechnicalNamesUser.ToArray());

                Thread.CurrentPrincipal = principal;

                context.Validated(identity);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                context.SetError("invalid_grant", "message");
            }
        }
    }
}

使用[Authorize]属性授权操作。

使用api/security/token，GrantType和UserName致电Password以获取持有人令牌。像这样：

"grant_type=password&username=" + username + "&password=" password;

将HttpHeader Authorization内的令牌发送为Bearer "YOURTOKENHERE"。像这样：

headers: { 'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + token }

希望它有所帮助！

Answer 2

Since your DB schema are not compatible with default UserStore You must implement your own UserStore and UserPasswordStore classes then inject them to UserManager. Consider this simple example:

First write your custom user class and implement IUser interface:

class User:IUser<int>
{
    public int ID {get;set;}
    public string Username{get;set;}
    public string Password_hash {get;set;}
    // some other properties 
}

Now author your custom UserStore and IUserPasswordStore class like this:

public class MyUserStore : IUserStore<User>, IUserPasswordStore<User>
{
    private readonly MyDbContext _context;

    public MyUserStore(MyDbContext context)
    {
        _context=context;
    }

    public Task CreateAsync(AppUser user)
    {
        // implement your desired logic such as
        // _context.Users.Add(user);
    }

    public Task DeleteAsync(AppUser user)
    {
        // implement your desired logic
    }

    public Task<AppUser> FindByIdAsync(string userId)
    {
        // implement your desired logic
    }

    public Task<AppUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName)
    {
        // implement your desired logic
    }

    public Task UpdateAsync(AppUser user)
    {
        // implement your desired logic
    }

    public void Dispose()
    {
        // implement your desired logic
    }

    // Following 3 methods are needed for IUserPasswordStore
    public Task<string> GetPasswordHashAsync(AppUser user)
    {
        // something like this:
        return Task.FromResult(user.Password_hash);
    }

    public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(AppUser user)
    {
        return Task.FromResult(user.Password_hash != null);
    }

    public Task SetPasswordHashAsync(AppUser user, string passwordHash)
    {
        user.Password_hash = passwordHash;
        return Task.FromResult(0);
    }
}

Now you have very own user store simply inject it to the user manager:

public class ApplicationUserManager: UserManager<User, int>
{
    public static ApplicationUserManager Create(IdentityFactoryOptions<ApplicationUserManager> options, IOwinContext context)
    {
         var manager = new ApplicationUserManager(new MyUserStore(context.Get<MyDbContext>()));
         // rest of code
    }
}

Also please note you must directly inherit your DB Context class from DbContext not IdentityDbContext since you have implemented own user store.

DB-First与ASP.NET Web API 2 + EF6的身份验证混淆

2 个答案: