Question

我需要创建一个CSV文件并将其作为电子邮件附件发送。我想在内存中创建文件，以便它实际上不占用我的文件系统中的空间。当我尝试发送电子邮件时，我似乎已经开始工作了，除非我收到错误：'bytes' object has no attribute 'encode'任何想法出了什么问题？

    from django.core.mail import EmailMultiAlternatives
    import csv, io

    csvfile = io.StringIO()
    fieldnames = ['user_id', 'user_name', 'user_forecast', 'is_correct', 'correct_answer',
        'forecast_to_event_seconds']
    writer = csv.DictWriter(csvfile, fieldnames=fieldnames)

    writer.writeheader()
    for f in forecasts:
        writer.writerow({'user_id': f.profile.id, 'user_name': f.profile.name,
            'user_forecast': f.answer_text, 'is_correct': f.is_correct, 'correct_answer': correct_answer, 
            'forecast_to_event_seconds': (event_end-f.created_on).total_seconds()})

    # Send email with CSV attachment
    subject='Data'
    to=["hello@me.com",]
    from_email=from_email
    context={'group': group.replace('-', ' '), 'question': poll.question, 'site': Site.objects.get_current(),
        'STATIC_URL': settings.STATIC_URL}
    template='polls/notifications/castie_data.txt'
    message = render_to_string('polls/notifications/castie_data.txt', context)

    msg = EmailMultiAlternatives(subject, message, to=to, from_email=from_email)
    msg.attach_alternative(render_to_string('polls/notifications/castie_data.html', context), 'text/html')

    file_name = "%s-%s.csv" % (group, poll.question.replace(' ', '-'))
    msg.attach_file(file_name, 'text/csv')
    msg.content_subtype = "html"
    msg.send()

完整追溯：

环境：

请求方法：POST请求网址：http://localhost:8000/poll/81e21783370b46218d6e26d1366b97b8/close/

Django版本：1.7.7 Python版本：3.4.3

Traceback：File＆＃34; /Users/s/.virtualenvs/c/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py"在get_response中 111.response = wrapped_callback（request，* callback_args，** callback_kwargs）File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/.virtualenvs/cassie/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/decorators.py&# 34;在_wrapped_view中 21. return view_func（request，* args，** kwargs）File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/git/cassie/cassie-app/polls/views.py"在close_poll 101. create_send_data（poll.id）File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/git/cassie/cassie-app/polls/tasks.py"在create_send_data中 455. msg.send（）File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/.virtualenvs/cassie/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/mail/message.py"发送 286. return self.get_connection（fail_silently）.send_messages（[self]）File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/.virtualenvs/cassie/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/mail/backends/smtp的.py＆＃34;在send_messages中 99. sent = self._send（message）File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/.virtualenvs/cassie/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/mail/backends/smtp.py"在_send 113. message = email_message.message（）File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/.virtualenvs/cassie/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/mail/message.py"在消息中 253. msg = self._create_message（msg）File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/.virtualenvs/cassie/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/mail/message.py"在_create_message中 409. return self._create_attachments（self._create_alternatives（msg））File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/.virtualenvs/cassie/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/mail/message.py" ;在_create_attachments中 325. msg.attach（self._create_attachment（* attachment））File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/.virtualenvs/cassie/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/mail/message.py" ;在_create_attachment中 367. attachment = self._create_mime_attachment（content，mimetype）File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/.virtualenvs/cassie/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/mail/message.py"在_create_mime_attachment中 338. attachment = SafeMIMEText（content，subtype，encoding）File＆＃34; /Users/stephaniesocias/.virtualenvs/cassie/lib/python3.4/site-packages/django/core/mail/message.py"在 init 175. MIMEText。 init （自我，文本，子类型，无）文件＆＃34; /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/email/mime/text的.py＆＃34;在 init 33.尝试：

异常类型：AttributeError at / poll / 81e21783370b46218d6e26d1366b97b8 / close / Exception Value：＆＃39; bytes＆＃39;对象没有属性＆＃39;编码＆＃39;

Answer 1

不是最优雅的解决方案，但它有效：

    import csv, io
    csvfile = io.StringIO()
    fieldnames = ['user_id', 'user_name', 'user_forecast', 'is_correct', 'correct_answer',
        'forecast_to_event_seconds', 'answer_types']
    writer = csv.DictWriter(csvfile, fieldnames=fieldnames)

    writer.writeheader()
    for f in forecasts:
        writer.writerow({'user_id': f.profile.id, 'user_name': f.profile.name,
            'user_forecast': f.answer_text, 'is_correct': f.is_correct, 'correct_answer': correct_answer, 
            'forecast_to_event_seconds': (event_end-f.created_on).total_seconds(), 'answer_types': poll.answer_type})

    # Send email with CSV attachment
    subject='Data'
    to=["hello@me.com",]
    from_email=from_email
    context={'group': group.replace('-', ' '), 'question': poll.question, 'site': Site.objects.get_current(),
        'STATIC_URL': settings.STATIC_URL}
    template='polls/notifications/castie_data.txt'
    message = render_to_string('polls/notifications/castie_data.txt', context)

    msg = EmailMultiAlternatives(subject, message, to=to, from_email=from_email)
    msg.attach_alternative(render_to_string('polls/notifications/castie_data.html', context), 'text/html')

    file_name = "%s-%s.csv" % (group, poll.question.replace(' ', '-'))
    csv_file = csvfile.getvalue()
    msg.attach(file_name, csv_file,'text/csv')
    msg.content_subtype = "html"
    msg.send()

CSV文件附件错误：＆＃39;字节＆＃39;对象没有属性＆＃39; encode＆＃39;

1 个答案: