我尝试使用以下格式为每个人打印年份:
例如:19年,8个月,13天。
我已经搜索了很多内容并且我注意到有一个特定的函数来计算日期DATEDIFF
之间的差异。
但SQL*Plus
中不存在此功能,因此我继续尝试使用MONTHS_BETWEEN()
和一些运算符。
我的尝试:
SELECT name , ' ' ||
FLOOR(MONTHS_BETWEEN(to_date(SYSDATE),to_date(date_of_birth))/12)||' years ' ||
FLOOR(MOD(MONTHS_BETWEEN(to_date(SYSDATE),to_date(date_of_birth)),12)) || ' months ' ||
FLOOR(MOD(MOD(MONTHS_BETWEEN(to_date(SYSDATE),to_date(date_of_birth)),12),4))|| ' days ' AS "Age"
FROM persons;
我的问题依赖于获得日子。我不知道如何计算天数,使用此功能('尝试除以4或30);我认为我的逻辑很糟糕,但我无法弄清楚,有什么想法吗?
答案 0 :(得分:5)
与Lalit的答案非常相似,但您可以通过使用add_months
调整全月差异来获得准确的天数而不假设每月30天:
select sysdate,
hiredate,
trunc(months_between(sysdate,hiredate) / 12) as years,
trunc(months_between(sysdate,hiredate) -
(trunc(months_between(sysdate,hiredate) / 12) * 12)) as months,
trunc(sysdate)
- add_months(hiredate, trunc(months_between(sysdate,hiredate))) as days
from emp;
SYSDATE HIREDATE YEARS MONTHS DAYS
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
2015-10-26 1980-12-17 34 10 9
2015-10-26 1981-02-20 34 8 6
2015-10-26 1981-02-22 34 8 4
2015-10-26 1981-04-02 34 6 24
2015-10-26 1981-09-28 34 0 28
2015-10-26 1981-05-01 34 5 25
2015-10-26 1981-06-09 34 4 17
2015-10-26 1982-12-09 32 10 17
2015-10-26 1981-11-17 33 11 9
2015-10-26 1981-09-08 34 1 18
2015-10-26 1983-01-12 32 9 14
2015-10-26 1981-12-03 33 10 23
2015-10-26 1981-12-03 33 10 23
2015-10-26 1982-01-23 33 9 3
您可以通过反转计算进行验证:
with tmp as (
select trunc(sysdate) as today,
hiredate,
trunc(months_between(sysdate,hiredate) / 12) as years,
trunc(months_between(sysdate,hiredate) -
(trunc(months_between(sysdate,hiredate) / 12) * 12)) as months,
trunc(sysdate)
- add_months(hiredate, trunc(months_between(sysdate,hiredate))) as days
from emp
)
select * from tmp
where today != add_months(hiredate, (12 * years) + months) + days;
no rows selected
答案 1 :(得分:2)
以 YEARS 和 MONTHS 来衡量年龄很容易,但棘手的部分是 DAYS 。
如果您可以修复一个月内的日期,则可以获得相同SQL中的天数。例如,使用标准 SCOTT.EMP 表并假设每个月都有30
天:
SQL> SELECT SYSDATE,
2 hiredate,
3 TRUNC(months_between(SYSDATE,hiredate)/12) years,
4 TRUNC(months_between(SYSDATE,hiredate) -
5 (TRUNC(months_between(SYSDATE,hiredate)/12)*12)) months,
6 TRUNC((months_between(SYSDATE,hiredate) -
7 TRUNC(months_between(SYSDATE,hiredate)))*30) days
8 FROM emp;
SYSDATE HIREDATE YEARS MONTHS DAYS
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
2015-10-26 1980-12-17 34 10 9
2015-10-26 1981-02-20 34 8 6
2015-10-26 1981-02-22 34 8 4
2015-10-26 1981-04-02 34 6 23
2015-10-26 1981-09-28 34 0 28
2015-10-26 1981-05-01 34 5 24
2015-10-26 1981-06-09 34 4 17
2015-10-26 1982-12-09 32 10 17
2015-10-26 1981-11-17 33 11 9
2015-10-26 1981-09-08 34 1 18
2015-10-26 1983-01-12 32 9 14
2015-10-26 1981-12-03 33 10 22
2015-10-26 1981-12-03 33 10 22
2015-10-26 1982-01-23 33 9 3
14 rows selected.
但是,请注意不是每个月都有30
天。因此,您无法获得准确的天数。
更新
我错过了@Alex Poole在他接受的答案中解释的全月差异。我将让这个答案让未来的读者理解错过计算天数的部分。
修改此内容:
TRUNC((months_between(SYSDATE,hiredate) -
TRUNC(months_between(SYSDATE,hiredate)))*30) days
有了这个:
TRUNC(SYSDATE) - add_months(hiredate, TRUNC(months_between(sysdate,hiredate)))
答案 2 :(得分:0)
<强>语法:强>
SELECT
CONCAT(
TIMESTAMPDIFF(YEAR, ?, NOW()),
' Years,',
TIMESTAMPDIFF(MONTH, ?, NOW()) % 12,
' Months,',
FLOOR(TIMESTAMPDIFF(DAY, ?, NOW()) % 30.4375),
' Days'
) AS age
FROM
DUAL
答案 3 :(得分:0)
获取月数的另一种简化方法是-
TRUNC(MOD(months_between(sysdate,hiredate),12)) AS months