如何使用LINQ从一组数字中查找n个项目的所有组合?

时间:2015-10-26 00:04:26

标签: c# algorithm linq set logic

我正在尝试编写一种算法来从一组数字中选择n个值的所有组合。

例如,给定集合:1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9

该组中2个值的所有组合为:

  

(1,2),(1,3),(1,7),(1,8),(1,9),(2,3),(2,7),(2,8) ,(2,9),(3,7),(3,8),(3,9),(7,8),(7,9),(8,9)

而3是:

  

(1,2,3),(1,2,7),(1,2,8),(1,2,9),(1,3,7),(1,3,8) ,(1,3,9),(1,7,8),(1,7,9),(1,8,9),(2,3,7),(2,3,8),( 2,3,9),(2,7,8),(2,7,9),(2,8,9),(3,7,8),(3,7,9),(3, 8,9),(7,8,9)

等!

我目前正在使用方法来产生2,3和4值组合的返回集,但在我看来,这可以在LINQ查询中推广。

感谢您的帮助!

3 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:19)

<强>用法:

<a class="call-to-action-details".*?\shref="(.*?)"

<强>代码:

NSRegularExpression

答案 1 :(得分:2)

虽然上面的答案非常简洁,但我想出了一个解决方案,根据收集的大小,它可以更快。

static class Combinations
{
    private static void InitIndexes(int[] indexes)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < indexes.Length; i++)
        {
            indexes[i] = i;
        }
    }

    private static void SetIndexes(int[] indexes, int lastIndex, int count)
    {
        indexes[lastIndex]++;
        if (lastIndex > 0 && indexes[lastIndex] == count)
        {
            SetIndexes(indexes, lastIndex - 1, count - 1);
            indexes[lastIndex] = indexes[lastIndex - 1] + 1;
        }
    }

    private static List<T> TakeAt<T>(int[] indexes, IEnumerable<T> list)
    {
        List<T> selected = new List<T>();
        for (int i = 0; i < indexes.Length; i++)
        {
            selected.Add(list.ElementAt(indexes[i]));
        }
        return selected;
    }

    private static bool AllPlacesChecked(int[] indexes, int places)
    {
        for (int i = indexes.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            if (indexes[i] != places)
                return false;
            places--;
        }
        return true;
    }

    public static IEnumerable<List<T>> GetDifferentCombinations<T>(this IEnumerable<T> collection, int count)
    {
        int[] indexes = new int[count];
        int listCount = collection.Count();
        if (count > listCount)
            throw new InvalidOperationException($"{nameof(count)} is greater than the collection elements.");
        InitIndexes(indexes);
        do
        {
            var selected = TakeAt(indexes, collection);
            yield return selected;
            SetIndexes(indexes, indexes.Length - 1, listCount);
        }
        while (!AllPlacesChecked(indexes, listCount));

    }
}

答案 2 :(得分:1)

两个答案都不错,但是可以通过消除内存分配来加快速度

对于答案1:现在从60计算5时,速度提高了2.5倍

编辑:EnumerableEx.Return来自System.Interactive程序包。

public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> DifferentCombinations2<T>
    (this IEnumerable<T> elements, int k)
{
    return k == 0 
        ? EnumerableEx.Return(Enumerable.Empty<T>()) 
        : elements.SelectMany((e, i) => 
            elements.Skip(i + 1)
                .DifferentCombinations(k - 1)
                .Select(c => EnumerableEx.Return(e).Concat(c)));
}

答案2:现在从60计算5时,速度提高了3倍

static class Combinations
{
    private static void SetIndexes(int[] indexes, int lastIndex, int count)
    {
        indexes[lastIndex]++;
        if (lastIndex > 0 && indexes[lastIndex] == count)
        {
            SetIndexes(indexes, lastIndex - 1, count - 1);
            indexes[lastIndex] = indexes[lastIndex - 1] + 1;
        }
    }

    private static bool AllPlacesChecked(int[] indexes, int places)
    {
        for (int i = indexes.Length - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        {
            if (indexes[i] != places)
                return false;
            places--;
        }
        return true;
    }

public static IEnumerable<IEnumerable<T>> GetDifferentCombinations<T>(this IEnumerable<T> c, int count)
{
    var collection = c.ToList();
    int listCount = collection.Count();

    if (count > listCount)
        throw new InvalidOperationException($"{nameof(count)} is greater than the collection elements.");

    int[] indexes = Enumerable.Range(0, count).ToArray();

    do
    {
        yield return indexes.Select(i => collection[i]).ToList();

        SetIndexes(indexes, indexes.Length - 1, listCount);
    }
    while (!AllPlacesChecked(indexes, listCount));
}
}

这导致答案2的答案是答案60中答案1的5倍。