我试图从节点js查询mongodb中嵌套的对象数组,尝试了所有的解决方案,但没有运气。任何人都可以优先帮助这个吗?
我试过以下:
{
"name": "Science",
"chapters": [
{
"name": "ScienceChap1",
"tests": [
{
"name": "ScienceChap1Test1",
"id": 1,
"marks": 10,
"duration": 30,
"questions": [
{
"question": "What is the capital city of New Mexico?",
"type": "mcq",
"choice": [
"Guadalajara",
"Albuquerque",
"Santa Fe",
"Taos"
],
"answer": [
"Santa Fe",
"Taos"
]
},
{
"question": "Who is the author of beowulf?",
"type": "notmcq",
"choice": [
"Mark Twain",
"Shakespeare",
"Abraham Lincoln",
"Newton"
],
"answer": [
"Shakespeare"
]
}
]
},
{
"name": "ScienceChap1test2",
"id": 2,
"marks": 20,
"duration": 30,
"questions": [
{
"question": "What is the capital city of New Mexico?",
"type": "mcq",
"choice": [
"Guadalajara",
"Albuquerque",
"Santa Fe",
"Taos"
],
"answer": [
"Santa Fe",
"Taos"
]
},
{
"question": "Who is the author of beowulf?",
"type": "notmcq",
"choice": [
"Mark Twain",
"Shakespeare",
"Abraham Lincoln",
"Newton"
],
"answer": [
"Shakespeare"
]
}
]
}
]
}
]
}
这是我迄今为止尝试过的但仍然无法让它发挥作用
db.quiz.find({name:"Science"},{"tests":0,chapters:{$elemMatch:{name:"ScienceChap1"}}})
db.quiz.find({ chapters: { $elemMatch: {$elemMatch: { name:"ScienceChap1Test1" } } }})
db.quiz.find({name:"Science"},{chapters:{$elemMatch:{$elemMatch:{name:"ScienceChap1Test1"}}}}) ({ name:"Science"},{ chapters: { $elemMatch: {$elemMatch: { name:"ScienceChap1Test1" } } }})
答案 0 :(得分:3)
汇总框架
您可以使用aggregation framework转换和合并集合中的文档以显示给客户端。您构建了一个管道,通过几个构建块处理文档流:过滤,投影,分组,排序等。
如果您想从名为“ScienceChap1Test1”的测试中获取mcq类型的问题,您可以执行以下操作:
db.quiz.aggregate(
//Match the documents by query. Search for science course
{"$match":{"name":"Science"}},
//De-normalize the nested array of chapters.
{"$unwind":"$chapters"},
{"$unwind":"$chapters.tests"},
//Match the document with test name Science Chapter
{"$match":{"chapters.tests.name":"ScienceChap1test2"}},
//Unwind nested questions array
{"$unwind":"$chapters.tests.questions"},
//Match questions of type mcq
{"$match":{"chapters.tests.questions.type":"mcq"}}
).pretty()
结果将是:
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5629eb252e95c020d4a0c5a5"),
"name" : "Science",
"chapters" : {
"name" : "ScienceChap1",
"tests" : {
"name" : "ScienceChap1test2",
"id" : 2,
"marks" : 20,
"duration" : 30,
"questions" : {
"question" : "What is the capital city of New Mexico?",
"type" : "mcq",
"choice" : [
"Guadalajara",
"Albuquerque",
"Santa Fe",
"Taos"
],
"answer" : [
"Santa Fe",
"Taos"
]
}
}
}
}
$ elemMatch不适用于子文档。您可以使用$unwind
将聚合框架用于“数组过滤”。
您可以在上面的代码中删除聚合管道中每个命令底部的每一行,以观察管道行为。
答案 1 :(得分:0)
您应该在mongodb简单的javascript shell中尝试以下查询。
可能有两种情景。
情景一
如果您只想返回包含某些章节名称或测试名称的文档,例如,find中只有一个参数可以。
对于find方法,您要返回的文档由第一个参数指定。您可以通过执行以下操作返回名为Science的文档:
db.quiz.find({name:"Science"})
您可以使用$elemMatch
指定匹配数组中单个嵌入文档的条件。查找具有名称ScienceChap1的章节的文档。你可以这样做:
db.quiz.find({"chapters":{"$elemMatch":{"name":"ScienceChap1"}}})
如果您希望您的条件成为测试名称,那么您可以使用点运算符,如下所示:
db.quiz.find({"chapters.tests":{"$elemMatch":{"name":"ScienceChap1Test1"}}})
场景二 - 指定要返回的键
如果要指定返回哪些键,可以传递第二个参数来查找(或findOne)指定所需的键。在您的情况下,您可以搜索文档名称,然后提供要返回的键。
db.quiz.find({name:"Science"},{"chapters":1})
//Would return
{
"_id": ObjectId(...),
"chapters": [
"name": "ScienceChap2",
"tests: [..all object content here..]
}
如果您只想从每个测试对象返回标记,可以使用点运算符执行此操作:
db.quiz.find({name:"Science"},{"chapters.tests.marks":1})
//Would return
{
"_id": ObjectId(...),
"chapters": [
"tests: [
{"marks":10},
{"marks":20}
]
}
如果您只想从每个测试中返回问题:
db.quiz.find({name:"Science"},{"chapters.tests.questions":1})
测试这些。我希望这些帮助。