我必须实现一个Prolog程序,它接受像[[1,a],[2,b],[1,c]]这样的List,并在循环中请求一个Key。如果用户输入1 [a,c]应该打印,并且应该要求用户输入下一个键,直到用户进入“退出”。
我目前的计划:
%Input: AssocList and Key.
%Output: FindList which contains all Values associated with the Key in AssocList.
as_find(AssocList, Key, FindList) :-
as_find(AssocList, Key, Acc, FindList).
as_find([], Key, Acc, Acc).
as_find([], Key, Acc, FindList) :- as_find([], Key, Acc, Acc).
as_find([[Key,D]|R], Key, Acc, FindList) :- my_append(D, Acc, NewFindList), as_find(R, Key, NewFindList, FindList).
as_find([[H,D]|R], Key, List, FindList) :- as_find(R, Key, List, FindList).
%Appends Elem to the given list and returns it in the other list.
my_append(Elem,[],[Elem]).
my_append(Elem,[H|R],[H|Z]) :- my_append(Elem,R,Z).
%Asks for Keys and writes all Values associated with the keys.
as_search(List) :-
repeat,
write('Key?'),
read(Key),
as_find(List, Key, FindList),
write(FindList),
Key == 'genug',
!.
不幸的是如果我使用另一个Key而不是'done',那么程序将以无限循环结束。你能帮忙吗?
此致 海波
答案 0 :(得分:1)
这个程序使用故障驱动的循环,你以目标启动程序。然后提示您?-start.
添加列表。如果要将列表硬编码到程序中而不是用户输入,则可以更改此项。然后我们进入循环,我们给出一个例如1.
的术语,然后系统将打印列表和循环中的匹配值。如果输入stop.
,程序将终止。
start:-
format("Enter list:\n",[]),
read(List),
enter(List).
enter(List):-
format("Enter key or stop:\n",[]),
read(X),
test(X,List).
test(stop,_):-!.
test(X,List):-
findall(Y,member([X,Y],List), Values),
format("~w\n",[Values]),
enter(List).
如果输入列表中不存在的键,则会打印一个空列表,然后再次返回尝试。
示例运行:
?- start.
Enter list:
|: [[1,a],[2,b],[1,c]].
Enter key or stop:
|: 1.
[a,c]
Enter key or stop:
|: 2.
[b]
Enter key or stop:
|: stop.
false.
使用repeat的不同版本:
start:-
format("Enter list:\n",[]),
read(List),
format("Enter key or stop:\n",[]),
repeat,
read(X),
( X=stop->!;
( findall(Y,member([X,Y],List), Values),
format("~w\n",[Values]),
format("Enter key or stop:\n",[])),
fail).