我正在尝试编写一个剧透识别系统,以便字符串中的任何破坏者都被指定的扰流角色替换。
我想匹配方括号包围的字符串,这样方括号内的内容就是捕获组1,包含周围括号的整个字符串就是匹配。
我目前正在使用\[(.*?]*)\]
,稍微修改了此答案here中的表达式,因为我还希望嵌套的方括号成为捕获组1的一部分。
该表达式的问题在于,虽然它可以工作并匹配以下内容:
Jim ate a [sandwich]
将[sandwich]
与sandwich
匹配为第1组Jim ate a [sandwich with [pickles and onions]]
将[sandwich with [pickles and onions]]
与sandwich with [pickles and onions]
匹配为第1组[[[[]
将[[[[]
与[[[
匹配为第1组[]]]]
将[]]]]
与]]]
匹配为第1组但是,如果我想匹配以下内容,则无法按预期工作:
Jim ate a [sandwich with [pickles] and [onions]]
匹配两者:
[sandwich with [pickles]
以sandwich with [pickles
作为第1组[onions]]
以onions]
作为第1组我应该使用哪种表达方式,使[sandwich with [pickles] and [onions]]
与sandwich with [pickles] and [onions]
作为第1组匹配?
修改:
由于使用正则表达式在Java中实现这一点似乎是不可能的,还有其他解决方案吗?
编辑2 :
我还希望能够通过找到的每个匹配来拆分字符串,因此由于String.split(regex)
方便,因此更难实现正则表达式的替代方法。这是一个例子:
Jim ate a [sandwich] with [pickles] and [dried [onions]]
匹配所有:
[sandwich]
以sandwich
作为第1组[pickles]
以pickles
作为第1组[dried [onions]]
以dried [onions]
作为第1组分句应该如下:
Jim ate a
with
and
答案 0 :(得分:2)
This solution将省略空的或仅空白的子串
public static List<String> getStrsBetweenBalancedSubstrings(String s, Character markStart, Character markEnd) {
List<String> subTreeList = new ArrayList<String>();
int level = 0;
int lastCloseBracket= 0;
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
char c = s.charAt(i);
if (c == markStart) {
level++;
if (level == 1 && i != 0 && i!=lastCloseBracket &&
!s.substring(lastCloseBracket, i).trim().isEmpty()) {
subTreeList.add(s.substring(lastCloseBracket, i).trim());
}
}
} else if (c == markEnd) {
if (level > 0) {
level--;
lastCloseBracket = i+1;
}
}
}
if (lastCloseBracket != s.length() && !s.substring(lastCloseBracket).trim().isEmpty()) {
subTreeList.add(s.substring(lastCloseBracket).trim());
}
return subTreeList;
}
然后,将其用作
String input = "Jim ate a [sandwich][ooh] with [pickles] and [dried [onions]] and ] [an[other] match] and more here";
List<String> between_balanced = getStrsBetweenBalancedSubstrings(input, '[', ']');
System.out.println("Result: " + between_balanced);
// => Result: [Jim ate a, with, and, and ], and more here]
您还可以提取平衡括号内的所有子串,然后用它们分开:
String input = "Jim ate a [sandwich] with [pickles] and [dried [onions]] and ] [an[other] match]";
List<String> balanced = getBalancedSubstrings(input, '[', ']', true);
System.out.println("Balanced ones: " + balanced);
List<String> rx_split = new ArrayList<String>();
for (String item : balanced) {
rx_split.add("\\s*" + Pattern.quote(item) + "\\s*");
}
String rx = String.join("|", rx_split);
System.out.println("In-betweens: " + Arrays.toString(input.split(rx)));
此函数将找到所有[]
- 平衡子串:
public static List<String> getBalancedSubstrings(String s, Character markStart,
Character markEnd, Boolean includeMarkers) {
List<String> subTreeList = new ArrayList<String>();
int level = 0;
int lastOpenBracket = -1;
for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
char c = s.charAt(i);
if (c == markStart) {
level++;
if (level == 1) {
lastOpenBracket = (includeMarkers ? i : i + 1);
}
}
else if (c == markEnd) {
if (level == 1) {
subTreeList.add(s.substring(lastOpenBracket, (includeMarkers ? i + 1 : i)));
}
if (level > 0) level--;
}
}
return subTreeList;
}
请参阅IDEONE demo
代码执行结果:
Balanced ones: ['[sandwich], [pickles], [dried [onions]]', '[an[other] match]']
In-betweens: ['Jim ate a', 'with', 'and', 'and ]']
致谢:getBalancedSubstrings
基于peter.murray.rust的How to split this “Tree-like” string in Java regex? post答案。