Question

这个问题可能对许多VBA程序员有用。它涉及实施两个有用的独立任务，并使它们同时工作。

第一项任务是为UDF制作Excel功能工具提示。虽然似乎尚未找到确定的解决方案，但现在我对自定义插入函数向导的解决方案感到满意。您可以在此处找到有关自定义“插入函数向导”的方法实现的主题：How to put a tooltip on a user-defined function 当我说插入函数向导时，我指的是这个窗口：

如果您对寻求实现功能工具提示的最终解决方案的主题感兴趣，可以访问：The quest for the Excel custom function tooltip

第二个任务是在一个不同的单元格中进行UDF写入。我在这里找到了一个很好的解决方案：I don't want my Excel Add-In to return an array (instead I need a UDF to change other cells)

现在，出现了问题：在尝试同时执行这两个任务时Excel崩溃了。我想在调用单个函数时使这两个任务起作用，防止excel崩溃。我想为UDF使用自定义的插入函数向导，该向导可以写入调用它的不同单元格。我想要这样做的原因是我正在编写一个带有多个输入参数的函数的AddIn（因此用户需要输入参数的工具提示）并且我需要在不同于它们被调用的单元格的单元格中写入（因为我不想坚持使用宏。我想要一个功能驱动的AddIn而不是一个按钮驱动的AddIn。）对于熟悉Bloomberg Excel API的人来说，这几乎就是BDH（）所做的功能。

我写了两个模块作为问题的指导原则。第一个构建一个displayParameters（）函数，需要在运行main函数之前运行。它通过函数驱动的方式执行自定义插入函数向导的任务。第二个函数是名为sumTwoNumbers的main函数，它执行两个数字的和，并将结果显示在与调用函数的单元格不同的单元格中。当您尝试使用插入函数向导（ctr + A）运行第二个函数（sumTwoNumbers（））时，在自定义后（运行displayParameters（）之后），Excel将崩溃。

第1单元：

Option Explicit

Private Declare Function SetTimer Lib "user32" ( _
      ByVal HWnd As Long, _
      ByVal nIDEvent As Long, _
      ByVal uElapse As Long, _
      ByVal lpTimerFunc As Long _
   ) As Long

Private Declare Function KillTimer Lib "user32" ( _
      ByVal HWnd As Long, _
      ByVal nIDEvent As Long _
   ) As Long

Private mCalculatedCells As Collection
Private mWindowsTimerID As Long
Private mApplicationTimerTime As Date

Public Function displayParameters() As Variant

' This is a UDF that returns true when the volscore file is created and starts a windows timer
' that starts a second Appliction.OnTime timer that performs activities not
' allowed in a UDF. Do not make this UDF volatile, pass any volatile functions
' to it, or pass any cells containing volatile formulas/functions or
' uncontrolled looping will start.

    displayParameters = "Success"

    'Cache the caller's reference so it can be dealt with in a non-UDF routine
   If mCalculatedCells Is Nothing Then Set mCalculatedCells = New Collection
   On Error Resume Next
   mCalculatedCells.Add Application.Caller, Application.Caller.Address
   On Error GoTo 0

   ' Setting/resetting the timer should be the last action taken in the UDF
   If mWindowsTimerID <> 0 Then KillTimer 0&, mWindowsTimerID
   mWindowsTimerID = SetTimer(0&, 0&, 1, AddressOf AfterUDFRoutine1_displayParameters)

End Function

Public Sub AfterUDFRoutine1_displayParameters()

' This is the first of two timer routines. This one is called by the Windows
' timer. Since a Windows timer cannot run code if a cell is being edited or a
' dialog is open this routine schedules a second safe timer using
' Application.OnTime which is ignored in a UDF.

   ' Stop the Windows timer
   On Error Resume Next
   KillTimer 0&, mWindowsTimerID
   On Error GoTo 0
   mWindowsTimerID = 0

   ' Cancel any previous OnTime timers
   If mApplicationTimerTime <> 0 Then
      On Error Resume Next
      Application.OnTime mApplicationTimerTime, "AfterUDFRoutine2_displayParameters", , False
      On Error GoTo 0
   End If

   ' Schedule timer
   mApplicationTimerTime = Now
   Application.OnTime mApplicationTimerTime, "AfterUDFRoutine2_displayParameters"

End Sub

Public Sub AfterUDFRoutine2_displayParameters()

' This is the second of two timer routines. Because this timer routine is
' triggered by Application.OnTime it is safe, i.e., Excel will not allow the
' timer to fire unless the environment is safe (no open model dialogs or cell
' being edited).

    Dim sumTwoNumbersArgumentsDescription(1 To 2) As String

    sumTwoNumbersArgumentsDescription(1) = "Write the first number of a Sum"
    sumTwoNumbersArgumentsDescription(2) = "Write the second number of a Sum"

    Application.MacroOptions Macro:="sumTwoNumbers", _
                         ArgumentDescriptions:=sumTwoNumbersArgumentsDescription
                         'Description:="describre the ivol function"

    MsgBox ("The formal parameters and instance of actual parameters are now successfully displayed at the Insert Function Dialog Box.")

End Sub

第2单元：

Option Explicit

'This global variable is the way I found of passing the output of sumTwoNumbers into the
'function "AfterUDFRoutine2"
Dim outputGlobal As Variant

Private Declare Function SetTimer Lib "user32" ( _
      ByVal HWnd As Long, _
      ByVal nIDEvent As Long, _
      ByVal uElapse As Long, _
      ByVal lpTimerFunc As Long _
   ) As Long

Private Declare Function KillTimer Lib "user32" ( _
      ByVal HWnd As Long, _
      ByVal nIDEvent As Long _
   ) As Long

Private mCalculatedCells As Collection
Private mWindowsTimerID As Long
Private mApplicationTimerTime As Date

'Non-Volatile Function2
Public Function sumTwoNumbers(Optional ByVal param1 As Integer _
                    , Optional ByVal param2 As Integer _
                     ) As Variant

    sumTwoNumbers = param1 + param2
    outputGlobal = sumTwoNumbers
    sumTwoNumbers = "Success"

    'Cache the caller's reference so it can be dealt with in a non-UDF routine
   If mCalculatedCells Is Nothing Then Set mCalculatedCells = New Collection
   On Error Resume Next
   mCalculatedCells.Add Application.Caller, Application.Caller.Address
   On Error GoTo 0

   ' Setting/resetting the timer should be the last action taken in the UDF
   If mWindowsTimerID <> 0 Then KillTimer 0&, mWindowsTimerID
   mWindowsTimerID = SetTimer(0&, 0&, 1, AddressOf AfterUDFRoutine1_sumTwoNumbers)

End Function

Public Sub AfterUDFRoutine1_sumTwoNumbers()

' This is the first of two timer routines. This one is called by the Windows
' timer. Since a Windows timer cannot run code if a cell is being edited or a
' dialog is open this routine schedules a second safe timer using
' Application.OnTime which is ignored in a UDF.

   ' Stop the Windows timer
   On Error Resume Next
   KillTimer 0&, mWindowsTimerID
   On Error GoTo 0
   mWindowsTimerID = 0

   ' Cancel any previous OnTime timers
   If mApplicationTimerTime <> 0 Then
      On Error Resume Next
      Application.OnTime mApplicationTimerTime, "AfterUDFRoutine2_sumTwoNumbers", , False
      On Error GoTo 0
   End If

   ' Schedule timer
   mApplicationTimerTime = Now
   Application.OnTime mApplicationTimerTime, "AfterUDFRoutine2_sumTwoNumbers"

End Sub

Public Sub AfterUDFRoutine2_sumTwoNumbers()

' This is the second of two timer routines. Because this timer routine is
' triggered by Application.OnTime it is safe, i.e., Excel will not allow the
' timer to fire unless the environment is safe (no open model dialogs or cell
' being edited).

'Write the output to the sheet
Dim dest
Set dest = ActiveCell.Offset(0, 1)
dest.Value = outputGlobal
Set outputGlobal = Nothing

End Sub

到目前为止的进展

我发现插入函数向导在每次填充输入参数后在后台运行函数，并在向导中看到的'='后输出结果。因此，如果在使用参数数量不足的情况下运行函数时触发错误，则在向导中提供输入后也会触发该错误。如果使用该数量的输入运行功能时显示消息框，则向导前面将显示一个消息框。但是，当您使用修改的UDF以便将输出写入调用它的不同单元格时，并且在向导填充输入时不会触发错误，excel将会中断。我猜这是因为你的函数在后台运行，触发AfterUDFRoutine1_sumTwoNumbers（），然后触发AfterUDFRoutine2_sumTwoNumbers（）。当AfterUDFRoutine2_sumTwoNumbers（）最终尝试在excel电子表格中写入并且向导打开时，excel会中断，因为您无法在向导打开的情况下写入单元格。这个问题的一个显而易见的解决方案是找到一种方法，使得插入函数向导在提供每个输入参数后停止在后台运行该函数，并使其等待，直到您单击“确定”后运行该函数。

Answer 1

上述问题不必要地长。我可以通过询问如何使用＆＃34;插入函数向导＆＃34;来概括它。在能够修改其他单元格的UDF中。我坚持使用UDF的概念，可以修改其他单元格，因为我知道它并没有在框外思考。可以执行此操作的UDF的代码（如此处所述：I don't want my Excel Add-In to return an array (instead I need a UDF to change other cells)）在用户尝试使用＆＃34;插入函数向导＆＃34;时中断Excel。解决此问题的方法是，创建一个自动调整数组输出大小的UDF，而不是创建修改外部单元格的UDF。我找到了这个加载项：https://colinlegg.wordpress.com/2014/08/25/self-extending-udfs-part-1/，它提供了一个名为＆＃34; = rxlRESIZE（）＆＃34;的函数的实现。调整数组输出的大小。如果在代码中编写该函数，在返回之前立即应用于数组输出，那么只要输出是数组，就可以在其他单元格中写入UDF。最后，当您使用＆＃34;插入函数向导＆＃34;时，这可以防止Excel崩溃。为了自定义插入函数向导，我仍然使用从这篇文章中获得的实现：How to put a tooltip on a user-defined function

寻求组合如何自定义UDF的插入函数向导并使UDF操纵其他单元格

1 个答案: