我如何创建一个使用if / for / while语句等大括号的函数?我将此称为关键字声明'因为我不知道还有什么可以称之为。
意思是,例如,如果我想重复一次'功能:
repeat(3)
{
//do something
}
我想更好的问题是,这可能吗?如果是这样,怎么会这样做呢?
答案 0 :(得分:6)
不要那样做[#define repeat
] - 不要试图改变你正在使用的编程语言的语法。这将使您的代码对其他任何人来说都不那么容易理解。
答案 1 :(得分:6)
您可以定义类似于python范围的范围:
// Range
// =====
#include <iterator>
#include <utility>
template<typename T>
class Range
{
public:
typedef T value_type;
public:
class iterator
{
public:
typedef typename std::forward_iterator_tag iterator_category;
typedef typename std::size_t size_type;
typedef typename std::ptrdiff_t difference_type;
typedef T value_type;
typedef const T& reference;
typedef const T* pointer;
public:
iterator(const T& value) noexcept
: m_value(value)
{}
reference operator * () const noexcept { return m_value; }
pointer operator -> () const noexcept { return &m_value; }
iterator& operator ++ () noexcept { ++m_value; return *this; }
friend bool operator == (const iterator & a, const iterator b) noexcept {
return a.m_value == b.m_value;
}
friend bool operator != (const iterator & a, const iterator b) noexcept {
return a.m_value != b.m_value;
}
private:
T m_value;
};
public:
Range(const T& first, const T& last) noexcept
: m_first(first), m_last(last)
{}
Range(T&& first, T&& last) noexcept
: m_first(std::move(first)), m_last(std::move(last))
{}
Range(Range&& other) noexcept
: m_first(std::move(other.m_first)),
m_last(std::move(other.m_last))
{}
Range& operator = (Range&& other) noexcept {
m_first = std::move(other.m_first);
m_last = std::move(other.m_last);
return *this;
}
iterator begin() const noexcept { return m_first; }
iterator end() const noexcept { return m_last; }
private:
T m_first;
T m_last;
};
template<typename T>
inline Range<T> range(T&& first, T&& last) noexcept {
return Range<T>(std::move(first), std::move(last));
}
// Test
// ====
#include <iostream>
int main() {
for(auto i : range(0, 3))
std::cout << i << '\n';
}
更复杂的实现也会考虑容器和迭代器。
答案 2 :(得分:3)
您可以定义一个带有1个参数的宏:
repeat(3)
{
//do something
}
并将bracoets留空,预处理器将扩展以下示例:
for (unsigned int i = 0; i < (3); ++i)
{
//do something
}
成:
{{1}}
<强> Demo 强>