我是否可以在XCTest中调用API调用setUP（）或tearDown（）以在测试之间重置应用程序？我查看了XCUIApplication的点语法，我看到的只是.launch（）
OR有没有办法在Swift中调用shell脚本？然后，我可以调用xcrun中间的测试方法来重置模拟器。
答案 0 :(得分：66)
您可以添加“运行脚本”阶段来构建测试目标中的阶段，以便在针对它运行单元测试之前卸载应用程序，不幸的是，这不是测试用例之间，但。
/usr/bin/xcrun simctl uninstall booted com.mycompany.bundleId
<强>更新
在测试之间，您可以在tearDown阶段通过Springboard删除应用。虽然，这确实需要使用XCTest的私有头。 （标头转储可从Facebook's WebDriverAgent here获得。）
以下是Springboard类中的一些示例代码，用于通过点击并按住从Springboard中删除应用程序：
import XCTest
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.springboard")
/**
Terminate and delete the app via springboard
*/
class func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons["Citizen"]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.press(forDuration: 1.3)
// Tap the little "X" button at approximately where it is. The X is not exposed directly
springboard.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: (iconFrame.minX + 3) / springboardFrame.maxX, dy: (iconFrame.minY + 3) / springboardFrame.maxY)).tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
}
}
}
import XCTest
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.springboard")
/**
Terminate and delete the app via springboard
*/
class func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Resolve the query for the springboard rather than launching it
springboard.resolve()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons["MyAppName"]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.pressForDuration(1.3)
// Tap the little "X" button at approximately where it is. The X is not exposed directly
springboard.coordinateWithNormalizedOffset(CGVectorMake((iconFrame.minX + 3) / springboardFrame.maxX, (iconFrame.minY + 3) / springboardFrame.maxY)).tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
}
}
}
然后：
override func tearDown() {
Springboard.deleteMyApp()
super.tearDown()
}
私有标头是在Swift桥接头中导入的。您需要导入：
// Private headers from XCTest
#import "XCUIApplication.h"
#import "XCUIElement.h"
注意：从Xcode 10开始，Apple现在公开了XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier:)，并且不再需要私有标头。
答案 1 :(得分：35)
此时，Xcode 7＆amp; amp;中的公共API 8，模拟器没有出现任何可从setUp()和tearDown() XCText子类调用到模拟器的“重置内容和设置”的方法。
还有其他使用公共API的方法：
应用程序代码。添加一些myResetApplication()应用程序代码以使应用程序处于已知状态。但是，设备（模拟器）状态控制受应用程序沙箱的限制......这在应用程序之外没什么帮助。这种方法可以清除应用程序可控制的持久性。
Shell脚本。从shell脚本运行测试。在每次测试运行之间使用xcrun simctl erase all或xcrun simctl uninstall <device> <app identifier>或类似设置重置模拟器（或卸载应用程序）。 see StackOverflow: "How can I reset the iOS Simulator from the command line?"
macos> xcrun simctl --help
# can uninstall a single application
macos> xcrun simctl uninstall --help
# Usage: simctl uninstall <device> <app identifier>
xcrun simctl erase all（或xcrun simctl erase <DEVICE_UUID>）或类似内容添加到“方案测试”部分。选择产品＆gt;方案＆gt;编辑方案...菜单。展开Scheme Test部分。在“测试”部分下选择“预执行”。单击（+）添加“新建运行脚本操作”。可以直接输入命令xcrun simctl erase all，而无需任何外部脚本。调用 1的选项。应用程序代码重置应用程序：
一个。 应用程序用户界面。 [UI测试] 提供重置按钮或其他重置应用程序的UI操作。可以通过XCUIApplication例程XCTest，setUp()或tearDown()中的testSomething()来行使UI元素。
B中。 启动参数。 [UI测试] 如Victor Ronin所述，可以从测试setUp()传递参数...
class AppResetUITests: XCTestCase {
override func setUp() {
// ...
let app = XCUIApplication()
app.launchArguments = ["MY_UI_TEST_MODE"]
app.launch()
......由AppDelegate ...
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {
func application( …didFinishLaunchingWithOptions… ) -> Bool {
// ...
let args = NSProcessInfo.processInfo().arguments
if args.contains("MY_UI_TEST_MODE") {
myResetApplication()
}
℃。 Xcode方案参数。 [UI测试，单元测试] 选择产品＆gt;方案＆gt;编辑方案...菜单。展开“方案运行”部分。 （+）添加一些参数，如MY_UI_TEST_MODE。该参数将在NSProcessInfo.processInfo()。
// ... in application
let args = NSProcessInfo.processInfo().arguments
if args.contains("MY_UI_TEST_MODE") {
myResetApplication()
}
ž。 直接通话。 [单元测试] 单元测试包被注入到正在运行的应用程序中，可以直接调用应用程序中的一些myResetApplication()例程。警告：在加载主屏幕后运行默认单元测试。 see Test Load Sequence但是，UI测试包作为被测应用程序外部的进程运行。因此，在单元测试中有效的方法会在UI测试中出现链接错误。
class AppResetUnitTests: XCTestCase {
override func setUp() {
// ... Unit Test: runs. UI Test: link error.
myResetApplication() // visible code implemented in application
答案 2 :(得分：14)
更新了swift 3.1 / xcode 8.3
在测试目标中创建桥接头：
#import <XCTest/XCUIApplication.h>
#import <XCTest/XCUIElement.h>
@interface XCUIApplication (Private)
- (id)initPrivateWithPath:(NSString *)path bundleID:(NSString *)bundleID;
- (void)resolve;
@end
更新了Springboard类
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.springboard")!
static let settings = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.Preferences")!
/**
Terminate and delete the app via springboard
*/
class func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Resolve the query for the springboard rather than launching it
springboard.resolve()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons["{MyAppName}"] /// change to correct app name
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.press(forDuration: 1.3)
// Tap the little "X" button at approximately where it is. The X is not exposed directly
springboard.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: (iconFrame.minX + 3) / springboardFrame.maxX, dy: (iconFrame.minY + 3) / springboardFrame.maxY)).tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
// Press home once make the icons stop wiggling
XCUIDevice.shared().press(.home)
// Press home again to go to the first page of the springboard
XCUIDevice.shared().press(.home)
// Wait some time for the animation end
Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 0.5)
let settingsIcon = springboard.icons["Settings"]
if settingsIcon.exists {
settingsIcon.tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["General"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset Location & Privacy"].tap()
settings.buttons["Reset Warnings"].tap()
settings.terminate()
}
}
}
}
答案 3 :(得分：9)
您可以要求您的应用清理＆＃34;本身
XCUIApplication.launchArguments设置了一些标志在AppDelegate中，您可以检查
如果NSProcessInfo.processInfo（）。arguments.contains（＆＃34; YOUR_FLAG_NAME_HERE＆＃34;）{ //在这里清理一下 }
答案 4 :(得分：9)
我使用了@ ODM answer，但修改了它以适用于Swift 4.注意：一些S / O答案不能区分Swift版本，这些版本有时会有相当的根本差异。我已经在iPhone 7模拟器和iPad Air模拟器上进行了纵向测试，它适用于我的应用程序。
Swift 4
import XCTest
import Foundation
class Springboard {
let springboard = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.springboard")
let settings = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.Preferences")
/**
Terminate and delete the app via springboard
*/
func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Resolve the query for the springboard rather than launching it
springboard.activate()
// Rotate back to Portrait, just to ensure repeatability here
XCUIDevice.shared.orientation = UIDeviceOrientation.portrait
// Sleep to let the device finish its rotation animation, if it needed rotating
sleep(2)
// Force delete the app from the springboard
// Handle iOS 11 iPad 'duplication' of icons (one nested under "Home screen icons" and the other nested under "Multitasking Dock"
let icon = springboard.otherElements["Home screen icons"].scrollViews.otherElements.icons["YourAppName"]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.press(forDuration: 2.5)
// Tap the little "X" button at approximately where it is. The X is not exposed directly
springboard.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: ((iconFrame.minX + 3) / springboardFrame.maxX), dy:((iconFrame.minY + 3) / springboardFrame.maxY))).tap()
// Wait some time for the animation end
Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 0.5)
//springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].firstMatch.tap()
springboard.buttons["Delete"].firstMatch.tap()
// Press home once make the icons stop wiggling
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
// Press home again to go to the first page of the springboard
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
// Wait some time for the animation end
Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 0.5)
// Handle iOS 11 iPad 'duplication' of icons (one nested under "Home screen icons" and the other nested under "Multitasking Dock"
let settingsIcon = springboard.otherElements["Home screen icons"].scrollViews.otherElements.icons["Settings"]
if settingsIcon.exists {
settingsIcon.tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["General"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset Location & Privacy"].tap()
// Handle iOS 11 iPad difference in error button text
if UIDevice.current.userInterfaceIdiom == .pad {
settings.buttons["Reset"].tap()
}
else {
settings.buttons["Reset Warnings"].tap()
}
settings.terminate()
}
}
}
}
答案 5 :(得分：7)
我使用@Chase Holland answer并使用相同的方法更新了Springboard类，以使用“设置”应用重置内容和设置。当您需要重置权限对话框时，这非常有用。
import XCTest
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.springboard")
static let settings = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.Preferences")
/**
Terminate and delete the app via springboard
*/
class func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Resolve the query for the springboard rather than launching it
springboard.resolve()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons["MyAppName"]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.pressForDuration(1.3)
// Tap the little "X" button at approximately where it is. The X is not exposed directly
springboard.coordinateWithNormalizedOffset(CGVectorMake((iconFrame.minX + 3) / springboardFrame.maxX, (iconFrame.minY + 3) / springboardFrame.maxY)).tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
// Press home once make the icons stop wiggling
XCUIDevice.sharedDevice().pressButton(.Home)
// Press home again to go to the first page of the springboard
XCUIDevice.sharedDevice().pressButton(.Home)
// Wait some time for the animation end
NSThread.sleepForTimeInterval(0.5)
let settingsIcon = springboard.icons["Settings"]
if settingsIcon.exists {
settingsIcon.tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["General"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset"].tap()
settings.tables.staticTexts["Reset Location & Privacy"].tap()
settings.buttons["Reset Warnings"].tap()
settings.terminate()
}
}
}
}
答案 6 :(得分：6)
从Xcode 11.4开始，如果您只想重置权限，则可以在resetAuthorizationStatus(for:)的实例上使用XCUIApplication，请参见
https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xctest/xcuiapplication/3526066-resetauthorizationstatusforresou
如果需要，也可以使用Xcode 11.4 Release Notes引述的simctl：
simctl现在支持修改隐私权限。您可以修改隐私权限以创建已知状态以进行测试。例如，要允许示例应用程序在没有任何提示的情况下访问照片库：
xcrun simctl privacy <device> grant photos com.example.app要将所有权限重置为默认值，就像以前从未安装过该应用程序一样：
xcrun simctl privacy <device> reset all com.example.app。
答案 7 :(得分：3)
对于iOS 11 sims up，我进行了一次轻微的修改，点击“x”图标，我们按照修复@Code Monkey建议点击。修复在10.3和11.2手机模拟中都能很好地工作。为了记录，我正在使用swift 3.我想通过一些代码来复制和粘贴，以便更容易找到修复。 ：）
import XCTest
class Springboard {
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.springboard")
class func deleteMyApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Resolve the query for the springboard rather than launching it
springboard!.resolve()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard!.icons["My Test App"]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard!.frame
icon.press(forDuration: 1.3)
springboard!.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: (iconFrame.minX + 3 * UIScreen.main.scale) / springboardFrame.maxX, dy: (iconFrame.minY + 3 * UIScreen.main.scale) / springboardFrame.maxY)).tap()
springboard!.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
}
}
}
答案 8 :(得分：3)
iOS 13.1 / Swift 5.1 基于用户界面的删除
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(privateWithPath: nil, bundleID: "com.apple.springboard")!
class func deleteApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
let icon = springboard.icons["YourApplication"]
if !icon.exists { return }
springboard.swipeLeft()
springboard.activate()
Thread.sleep(forTimeInterval: 1.0)
icon.press(forDuration: 1.3)
springboard.buttons["Rearrange Apps"].eventuallyExists().tap()
icon.buttons["DeleteButton"].eventuallyExists().tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].eventuallyExists().tap()
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
}
答案 9 :(得分：3)
final class Springboard {
private static var springboardApp = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.springboard")
class func deleteApp(name: String) {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
springboardApp.activate()
sleep(1)
let appIcon = springboardApp.icons.matching(identifier: name).firstMatch
appIcon.press(forDuration: 1.3)
sleep(1)
springboardApp.buttons["Remove App"].tap()
let deleteButton = springboardApp.alerts.buttons["Delete App"].firstMatch
if deleteButton.waitForExistence(timeout: 5) {
deleteButton.tap()
springboardApp.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
}
}
}
答案 10 :(得分：3)
iOS 13.2解决方案
for url in url_list:
try_again = 3
while try_again != 0:
response = requests.get(url)
if response.status_code == 200:
print('do scraping')
try_again = 0
if response.status_code != 200:
try_again -= 1
print ('Request failed. Attempts remaining: %s' %try_again)
if try_again == 0:
print ('Tried 3 times. Moving to next URL.')
答案 11 :(得分：1)
这似乎对我在iOS 12.1和模拟器上有效
class func deleteApp(appName: String) {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons[appName]
if icon.exists {
icon.press(forDuration: 2.0)
icon.buttons["DeleteButton"].tap()
sleep(2)
springboard.alerts["Delete “\(appName)”?"].buttons["Delete"].tap()
sleep(2)
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
}
}
答案 12 :(得分：0)
答案有很多变化，我什至不确定我是否应该添加，但以防万一有人需要通用解决方案：
class func deleteApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons["APP_NAME"]
if icon.exists {
icon.press(forDuration: 1.3)
springboard.buttons["Remove App"].tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete App"].tap()
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
// Press home once to make the icons stop wiggling
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
}
}
答案 13 :(得分：0)
经过一些实验，我完成了一个更清晰的解决方案，涵盖了不同的 iOS 版本：
import XCTest
private enum Constants {
static let springboardBundleIdentifier = "com.apple.springboard"
static let appIconName = "Your App Name"
static let appIconPressShortDuration: TimeInterval = 2.0
static let appIconPressLongDuration: TimeInterval = 3.0
static let deleteAppButton = "Delete App"
static let removeAppButton = "Remove App"
static let deleteButton = "Delete"
static let deleteButtonVectorOffset: CGFloat = 3.0
}
final class SpringboardManager {
private static let springboard = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: Constants.springboardBundleIdentifier)
static func deleteApp(_ app: XCUIApplication) {
if app.exists && app.isHittable {
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
}
app.terminate()
self.deleteAppIfNeeded(with: Constants.appIconName)
sleep(1)
}
private static func deleteAppIfNeeded(with iconName: String) {
let appIcon = self.springboard.icons[iconName]
guard appIcon.exists else {
return
}
appIcon.press(forDuration: Constants.appIconPressShortDuration)
if let deleteListButton = self.deleteListButton() {
deleteListButton.tap()
self.pressDeleteAlertButtons()
} else {
appIcon.press(forDuration: Constants.appIconPressLongDuration)
self.pressDeleteTopLeftButton(for: appIcon)
self.pressDeleteAlertButtons()
}
}
}
private extension SpringboardManager {
static func pressDeleteAlertButtons() {
self.pressDeleteAlertButton(self.deleteAppAlertButton())
self.pressDeleteAlertButton(self.deleteAlertButton())
}
static func pressDeleteAlertButton(_ button: XCUIElement?) {
guard let button = button else {
return
}
button.tap()
}
static func pressDeleteTopLeftButton(for appIcon: XCUIElement) {
let iconFrame = appIcon.frame
let springboardFrame = self.springboard.frame
let deleteButtonVector = CGVector(
dx: (iconFrame.minX + Constants.deleteButtonVectorOffset) / springboardFrame.maxX,
dy: (iconFrame.minY + Constants.deleteButtonVectorOffset) / springboardFrame.maxY)
let deleteButtonCoordinate = self.springboard.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: deleteButtonVector)
deleteButtonCoordinate.tap()
}
}
private extension SpringboardManager {
static func deleteListButton() -> XCUIElement? {
sleep(1)
let removeListButton = self.springboard.buttons[Constants.removeAppButton]
let deleteListButton = self.springboard.buttons[Constants.deleteAppButton]
if removeListButton.exists {
return removeListButton
} else if deleteListButton.exists {
return deleteListButton
}
return nil
}
static func deleteAppAlertButton() -> XCUIElement? {
sleep(1)
let deleteAppButton = self.springboard.alerts.buttons[Constants.deleteAppButton]
if deleteAppButton.exists {
return deleteAppButton
}
return nil
}
static func deleteAlertButton() -> XCUIElement? {
sleep(1)
let deleteButton = self.springboard.alerts.buttons[Constants.deleteButton]
if deleteButton.exists {
return deleteButton
}
return nil
}
}
答案 14 :(得分：0)
我在测试的setUp或tearDown中看到了很多卸载应用的答案。
但是，通过在测试目标中添加运行脚本阶段，可以在启动测试之前轻松卸载应用程序。
要这样做：
然后，用以下命令替换占位符# Type a script or drag a script file from your workspace to insert its path.：
xcrun simctl boot ${TARGET_DEVICE_IDENTIFIER}
xcrun simctl uninstall ${TARGET_DEVICE_IDENTIFIER} YOUR_APP_BUNDLE
答案 15 :(得分：0)
这适用于所有操作系统版本（iOS11、12和13）
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.springboard")
func deleteApp() {
XCUIApplication().terminate()
springboard.activate()
let icon = springboard.icons[appName]
if icon.exists {
icon.firstMatch.press(forDuration: 5)
icon.buttons["DeleteButton"].tap()
let deleteConfirmation = springboard.alerts["Delete “\(appName)”?"].buttons["Delete"]
XCTAssertTrue(deleteConfirmation.waitForExistence(timeout: 5), "Delete confirmation not shown")
deleteConfirmation.tap()
}
}
答案 16 :(得分：0)
以下是上述答案的Objective C版本，用于删除应用并重置警告（已在iOS 11和12上测试）：
- (void)uninstallAppNamed:(NSString *)appName {
[[[XCUIApplication alloc] init] terminate];
XCUIApplication *springboard = [[XCUIApplication alloc] initWithBundleIdentifier:@"com.apple.springboard"];
[springboard activate];
XCUIElement *icon = springboard.otherElements[@"Home screen icons"].scrollViews.otherElements.icons[appName];
if (icon.exists) {
[icon pressForDuration:2.3];
[icon.buttons[@"DeleteButton"] tap];
sleep(2);
[[springboard.alerts firstMatch].buttons[@"Delete"] tap];
sleep(2);
[[XCUIDevice sharedDevice] pressButton:XCUIDeviceButtonHome];
sleep(2);
}
}
..
- (void)resetWarnings {
XCUIApplication *settings = [[XCUIApplication alloc] initWithBundleIdentifier:@"com.apple.Preferences"];
[settings activate];
sleep(2);
[settings.tables.staticTexts[@"General"] tap];
[settings.tables.staticTexts[@"Reset"] tap];
[settings.tables.staticTexts[@"Reset Location & Privacy"] tap];
if (UI_USER_INTERFACE_IDIOM() == UIUserInterfaceIdiomPad) {
[settings.buttons[@"Reset"] tap];
} else {
[settings.buttons[@"Reset Warnings"] tap];
}
sleep(2);
[settings terminate];
}
答案 17 :(得分：0)
更新Craig Fishers的Swift 4答案。为iPad横向更新。可能仅适用于左侧横向。
导入XCTest
跳板类{
static let springboard = XCUIApplication(bundleIdentifier: "com.apple.springboard")
class func deleteMyApp(name: String) {
// Force delete the app from the springboard
let icon = springboard.icons[name]
if icon.exists {
let iconFrame = icon.frame
let springboardFrame = springboard.frame
icon.press(forDuration: 2.0)
var portaitOffset = 0.0 as CGFloat
if XCUIDevice.shared.orientation != .portrait {
portaitOffset = iconFrame.size.width - 2 * 3 * UIScreen.main.scale
}
let coord = springboard.coordinate(withNormalizedOffset: CGVector(dx: (iconFrame.minX + portaitOffset + 3 * UIScreen.main.scale) / springboardFrame.maxX, dy: (iconFrame.minY + 3 * UIScreen.main.scale) / springboardFrame.maxY))
coord.tap()
let _ = springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].waitForExistence(timeout: 5)
springboard.alerts.buttons["Delete"].tap()
XCUIDevice.shared.press(.home)
}
}
}