在Django管理站点中，如何通过内联访问模型属性？

Question

models.py：

class Player(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=50)

class Tournament(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)

class TournamentPlayer(models.Model):
    tournament = models.ForeignKey(Tournament)
    player = models.ForeignKey(Player)
    paid = models.BooleanField()

    def player_email(self):
        return self.player.email

admin.py：

class TournamentPlayerInline(admin.TabularInline):
    model = TournamentPlayer
    fields = ('player', 'paid', 'player_email')

@admin.register(Tournament)
class TournamentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [TournamentPlayerInline]

我有一个内联问题。当我在管理站点中召开锦标赛时，我可以看到哪些玩家正在进行，以及他们是否付费。我还想显示播放器中包含的额外信息，例如电子邮件地址。

在TournamentPlayerInline中，我认为我可以使用fields = ('player', 'paid', 'player_email')，但我得到 FieldError：为TournamentPlayer指定的未知字段（player_email）。

我也试过了fields = ('player', 'paid', 'player__email')，但我得到了针对TournamentPlayer 指定的 FieldError：未知字段（player__email）。

如果我将player_email从fields移至readonly_fields，我就不会再收到错误，但也不会显示播放器电子邮件。

这就是我所追求的：

如何从TournamentPlayerInline访问播放器属性？

Django 1.8.4

Answer 1

猴子的答案几乎是正确的。您必须进行的唯一更改是 admin.py ，而且只是向'player_email'和fields添加readonly_fields。更改'player_email'中fields的位置将允许您按照示例进行排序。

class TournamentPlayerInline(admin.TabularInline):
    model = TournamentPlayer
    fields = ('player', 'player_email', 'paid',)
    readonly_fields = ('player_email',)

@admin.register(Tournament)
class TournamentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [TournamentPlayerInline]

Answer 2

如果您不需要从内联中编辑player_email，则可以使用readonly_fields变量完成此操作：

class TournamentPlayerInline(admin.TabularInline):
    model = TournamentPlayer
    fields = ('player', 'paid')
    readonly_fields = ('player_email',)

@admin.register(Tournament)
class TournamentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [TournamentPlayerInline]

Answer 3

作为替代方案，您不必在模型中定义自定义属性，如果您不直接使用它，并且只想在管理中查看它 - 您可以通过mixin在内联中创建它：

models.py

class Player(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    email = models.EmailField(max_length=50)

class Tournament(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)

class TournamentPlayer(models.Model):
    tournament = models.ForeignKey(Tournament)
    player = models.ForeignKey(Player)
    paid = models.BooleanField()

admin.py

class PlayerEmailMixin(object):
    def player_email(self, obj):
        return obj.player.email

    player_email.short_description = "Player Email"

class TournamentPlayerInline(PlayerEmailMixin, admin.TabularInline):
    model = TournamentPlayer
    fields = ('player', 'player_email', 'paid', )
    readonly_fields = ('player_email',)

@admin.register(Tournament)
class TournamentAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    inlines = [TournamentPlayerInline]

您也可以通过这种方式将其设为mailto：

class PlayerEmailMixin(object):
    def player_email(self, obj):
        return '<a href="mailto:{0}"><strong>{0}</strong></a>'.format(obj.player.email)

    player_email.short_description = "Player Email"
    player_email.allow_tags = True

这在Django 1.9.5中已知有效。