我现在正试图在特定的html标签之间提取内容,例如:
<dl class="search-advanced-list">
<dt>
<h2><a id="/advanced-search?intercept=adv&as-advanced=+documenttype%3Asource title:%22ADB%22&as-type=advanced" name="ADB">ADB</a></h2>
</dt>
<dd>Allgemeine deutsche Biographie. Under the auspices of the Historical Commission of the Royal Academy of Sciences. 56 vols. Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. 1875–1912.</dd>
<dt>
<h2><a id="/advanced-search?intercept=adv&as-advanced=+documenttype%3Asource title:%22AMS%22&as-type=advanced" name="AMS">AMS</a></h2>
</dt>
<dd>American men of science. J. McKeen Cattell, ed. Editions 1–4, New York: 1906–27.</dd>
<dt>
<h2><a id="/advanced-search?intercept=adv&as-advanced=+documenttype%3Asource title:%22Abbott%2C+C.+C.+1861%22&as-type=advanced" name="Abbott__C__C__1861">Abbott, C. C. 1861</a></h2>
</dt>
<dd>Abbott, Charles Compton. 1861. Notes on the birds of the Falkland Islands. Ibis 3: 149–67.</dd>
...
</dl>
我计划在<h2>
</h2>
内以及<dd>
和</dd>
内的内容中提取内容。我在stackOverFlow中搜索了类似的问题,但仍然无法弄明白,是否有人使用R来解决这个问题的简单方法?
答案 0 :(得分:3)
这会创建一个两列矩阵m
,其第一列为h2
,其第二列为dd
个值。由于输入形式的问题中没有信息,我们假设输入是字符串Lines
,但如果没有,htmlTreeParse
行可以适当更改。请尝试?htmlTreeParse
了解详情。
library(XML)
doc <- htmlTreeParse(Lines, asText = TRUE, useInternalNodes = TRUE)
f <- function(x) cbind(h2 = xmlValue(x), dd = xpathSApply(x, "//dd", xmlValue))
L <- xpathApply(doc, "//h2", f)
m <- do.call(rbind, L)
在这里,我们会显示h2
列和dd
列的前10个字符:
> cbind(h2 = m[,1], dd = substr(m[,2], 1, 10))
h2 dd
[1,] "ADB" "Allgemeine"
[2,] "ADB" "American m"
[3,] "ADB" "Abbott, Ch"
[4,] "AMS" "Allgemeine"
[5,] "AMS" "American m"
[6,] "AMS" "Abbott, Ch"
[7,] "Abbott, C. C. 1861" "Allgemeine"
[8,] "Abbott, C. C. 1861" "American m"
[9,] "Abbott, C. C. 1861" "Abbott, Ch"
这是上面使用的输入:
Lines <- '<dl class="search-advanced-list">
<dt>
<h2><a id="/advanced-search?intercept=adv&as-advanced=+documenttype%3Asource title:%22ADB%22&as-type=advanced" name="ADB">ADB</a></h2>
</dt>
<dd>Allgemeine deutsche Biographie. Under the auspices of the Historical Commission of the Royal Academy of Sciences. 56 vols. Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. 1875–1912.</dd>
<dt>
<h2><a id="/advanced-search?intercept=adv&as-advanced=+documenttype%3Asource title:%22AMS%22&as-type=advanced" name="AMS">AMS</a></h2>
</dt>
<dd>American men of science. J. McKeen Cattell, ed. Editions 1–4, New York: 1906–27.</dd>
<dt>
<h2><a id="/advanced-search?intercept=adv&as-advanced=+documenttype%3Asource title:%22Abbott%2C+C.+C.+1861%22&as-type=advanced" name="Abbott__C__C__1861">Abbott, C. C. 1861</a></h2>
</dt>
<dd>Abbott, Charles Compton. 1861. Notes on the birds of the Falkland Islands. Ibis 3: 149–67.</dd>
</dl>'
答案 1 :(得分:2)
或者,以正确的方式进行刮擦:
library(xml2)
library(rvest)
pg <- read_html("https://www.darwinproject.ac.uk/bibliography")
h2 <- html_text(html_nodes(pg, "dt > h2"))
head(h2)
## [1] "ADB" "AMS"
## [3] "Abbott, C. C. 1861" "Abich, O. H. W. 1841"
## [5] "Accum, Frederick. 1820" "Acevedo Moraga, Fernando. 1987"
dd <- html_text(html_nodes(pg, "dd"))
head(dd)
## [1] "Allgemeine deutsche Biographie. Under the auspices of the Historical Commission of the Royal Academy of Sciences. 56 vols. Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot. 1875–1912."
## [2] "American men of science. J. McKeen Cattell, ed. Editions 1–4, New York: 1906–27."
## [3] "Abbott, Charles Compton. 1861. Notes on the birds of the Falkland Islands. Ibis 3: 149–67."
## [4] "Abich, Otto Hermann Wilhelm. 1841. Geologische Betrachtungen über die vulkanischen Erscheinungen und Bildungen in Unter- und Mittel-Italien. Braunschweig."
## [5] "Accum, Frederick. 1820. A treatise on the art of brewing, exhibiting the London practice of brewing porter, brown stout, ale, table beer, and various other kinds of malt liquors. London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown."
## [6] "Acevedo Moraga, Fernando. 1987. La Escuela de Minas de la Serena. In La Serena University, edited by Claudo Canut de Bon: 1–18. Chile."
我觉得有必要在其ToS中添加一个代码段:
的
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的
答案 2 :(得分:0)
htmlpattern <- "</?\\w+((\\s+\\w+(\\s*=\\s*(?:\".*?\"|'.*?'|[^'\">\\s]+))?)+\\s*|\\s*)/?>"
plain.text <- gsub(htmlpattern, "\\1", txt)
cat(plain.text)
注意:txt是html文本
答案 3 :(得分:-1)