假设我们有一个像这样的函数，它接受PDOStatement（任何查询）并自动生成一个excel文件（使用PHPExcel库）：
/**
* Create an Excel file from an opened PDOStatement. Return the path to access the Excel file
* or an empty string if we were not able to create the Excel File
*
*
* @param $errorMessage String to return the error message.
* @param $source PDOStatement containing the data to export to Excel.
* @param $rows Int Use to return the number of rows exported (the header row isn't counted).
* @param $name String name to give to the Excel file (no need to specify the extension).
* @param $columnName (optional) String Array used for the name of the row in the Excel file.
*
* @return String
*/
public static function createExcelFromRS(&$errorMessage, PDOStatement &$source, &$rows , $name, array $columnName = array()){
$errorMessage = "";
$name = self::validateFileExtention($name, "xlsx");
$path = realpath(dirname(__FILE__)) . '/Archive/' . $name;
$rows = 0;
$totalCols = 0;
$excel = new PHPExcel();
$writer = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($excel, "Excel2007");
$sheet = $excel->getActiveSheet();
$sheet->setTitle($name);
while ($row = $source->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)){
if ($rows === 0){
$columnName = self::validateColumnNameArray($columnName, $row);
$totalCols = count($row);
$sheet->getStyle('A1:' . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($totalCols) . '1')->getFont()->setBold(true)->setSize(12);
for ($column = 1; $column <= $totalCols; $column++){
$sheet->getCell(self::convertNumberToExcelCol($column) . '1')->setValue($columnName[$column - 1]);
$sheet->getColumnDimension(self::convertNumberToExcelCol($column))->setAutoSize(true);
}
$rows = 1;
}
$rows++;
$column = 1;
foreach ($row as $field){
$sheet->getCell(self::convertNumberToExcelCol($column) . $rows)->setValue($field);
$column++;
}
}
$writer->save($path);
unset($sheet, $writer, $excel);
if ($rows < 1){
if (is_file($path)){
unlink($path);
}
$errorMessage =str_replace("[TYPE]", "EXCEL", GeneralDbManager::getInstance()->getErrorMessage('NO_DATA_TO_EXPORT_FILE_ERR', 'There is no data to export to the [TYPE] file.'));
}
elseif(!is_file($path)){
$errorMessage = str_replace(array("[TYPE]", "[NAME]"), array("EXCEL", $name), GeneralDbManager::getInstance()->getErrorMessage('EXPORT_NO_CREATED_FILE_ERR', 'We were not able to create the [TYPE] file: [NAME].'));
}
else{
$rows --;
}
return (empty($errorMessage) ? $path : "");
}
我们希望使用convertNumberToExcelCol函数将整数值转换为excel列。
让我们首先解释这个方法来构建excel文件，下一篇文章将解释获取列的算法。
这些方法作为参数：
第一行用于初始化参数（PHP使用松散类型，因此我们必须小心参数）。
此功能确保名称具有有效的名称/扩展名：
/**
* Validate that the file $name has the proper file $extension
* and return the fixed name with the proper extension
*
* Note: No modification will be made if the extension is not a string or is empty
*
* @param $name String file name with or without extension
* @param $extension String example: csv, xls
*
* @return String
*/
public static function validateFileExtention($name, $extension){
if (is_string($extension)){
$extension = "." . str_replace(".", "", $extension);
if (strlen($extension) > 1){
if (!is_string($name) or empty($name) or strpos($name, ".") === 0){
$name = "my_file" . $extension;
}
elseif(strpos(strtolower($name), $extension) === false){
if (strrpos($name, ".") === false){
$name .= $extension;
}
else{
if (substr_count($name, ".") > 1){
$name = str_replace(".", "", $name) . $extension;
}
else{
$name = str_replace(substr($name, strrpos($name, ".")), $extension, $name);
}
}
}
}
}
return $name;
}
然后我们打开与excel文件的连接：
$excel = new PHPExcel();
$writer = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createWriter($excel, "Excel2007");
$sheet = $excel->getActiveSheet();
$sheet->setTitle($name);
此函数确保列名数组的长度与行数组中的字段数相同。
/**
* Take the array containing the $columnName for data export (CSV, Excel) and make sure
* that it is the number of entry as there are fields in $row.
*
* If column name are missing, we will use the column name used in the query.
*
* Return the merged array
*
* @param $columnName Array containing the column names
* @param $row Array produce by fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC).
*
* @return Array ($columnName)
*/
private static function validateColumnNameArray(array &$columnName, array &$row){
$buffer = array();
$colPDO = count($row);
$count = count($columnName);
if ($count < $colPDO){
foreach ($row as $key => $value){
$buffer[] = $key;
}
for($index = $count; $index < $colPDO; $index++){
$columnName[] = $buffer[$index];
}
}
unset($buffer);
return $columnName;
}
validateFileExtention和validateColumnNameArray都是针对具有CSV创建功能的共享代码：
/**
* Create a CSV file from an opened PDOStatement. Return the path to access the CSV file
* or an empty string if we were not able to create the CSV File
*
*
* @param $errorMessage String to return the error message.
* @param $source PDOStatement containing the data to export to CSV
* @param $rows Int Use to return the number of rows exported (the header row isn't counted).
* @param $name String name to give to the CSV file (no need to specify the extension).
* @param $columnName (optional) String Array used for the name of the row in the CSV file.
*
* @return String
*/
public static function createCSVFromRS(&$errorMessage, PDOStatement &$source, &$rows , $name, array $columnName = array()){
$errorMessage = "";
$name = self::validateFileExtention($name, "csv");
$path = realpath(dirname(__FILE__)) . '/Archive/' . $name;
$rows = 0;
$file = fopen($path, "w");
while ($row = $source->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC)){
if ($rows === 0){
fputcsv($file, array_map('utf8_decode',self::validateColumnNameArray($columnName, $row)));
}
fputcsv($file, array_map('utf8_decode',array_values($row)));
$rows++;
}
fclose($file);
if ($rows < 1){
if (is_file($path)){
unlink($path);
}
$errorMessage =str_replace("[TYPE]", "CSV", GeneralDbManager::getInstance()->getErrorMessage('NO_DATA_TO_EXPORT_FILE_ERR', 'There is no data to export to the [TYPE] file.'));
}
elseif(!is_file($path)){
$errorMessage = str_replace(array("[TYPE]", "[NAME]"), array("CSV", $name), GeneralDbManager::getInstance()->getErrorMessage('EXPORT_NO_CREATED_FILE_ERR', 'We were not able to create the [TYPE] file: [NAME].'));
}
return (empty($errorMessage) ? $path : "");
}
如果它是我们添加到excel文件的第一行，那么我们设置基本格式：
if ($rows === 0){
$columnName = self::validateColumnNameArray($columnName, $row);
$totalCols = count($row);
$sheet->getStyle('A1:' . self::convertNumberToExcelCol($totalCols) . '1')->getFont()->setBold(true)->setSize(12);
for ($column = 1; $column <= $totalCols; $column++){
$sheet->getCell(self::convertNumberToExcelCol($column) . '1')->setValue($columnName[$column - 1]);
$sheet->getColumnDimension(self::convertNumberToExcelCol($column))->setAutoSize(true);
}
$rows = 1;
}
使用getStyle方法，我们将标题行设置为粗体和12尺寸。
getCOlumnDimension方法用于设置自动调整大小，因此用户在打开文件时不必自己调整列的大小。
循环的其余部分是将数据从行数组传输到excel文件。
在循环之后，我们关闭连接并取消设置变量use来管理Excel。
然后是错误管理：
if ($rows < 1){
if (is_file($path)){
unlink($path);
}
$errorMessage =str_replace("[TYPE]", "EXCEL", GeneralDbManager::getInstance()->getErrorMessage('NO_DATA_TO_EXPORT_FILE_ERR', 'There is no data to export to the [TYPE] file.'));
}
elseif(!is_file($path)){
$errorMessage = str_replace(array("[TYPE]", "[NAME]"), array("EXCEL", $name), GeneralDbManager::getInstance()->getErrorMessage('EXPORT_NO_CREATED_FILE_ERR', 'We were not able to create the [TYPE] file: [NAME].'));
}
else{
$rows --;
}
消息存储在数据库中，因此我们可以向用户提供已翻译的消息。我在我的消息中使用泛型[TYPE]和[NAME]标记，我用适当的文件类型和文件名替换。
这允许我在我正在生成的excel和CSV文件（或任何类型的文件）中重用此通用消息。
如果创建的文件为空，我将其删除。此操作是可选的，但我想在完成后立即从磁盘中清除未使用的文件。
另一种方法是使用函数清除存储目录：
/**
* Clear all the archives (zip) files in the archive folder.
*/
public static function emptyArchiveFolder(){
$handle = NULL;
$path = realpath(dirname(__FILE__)) . '/Archive/';
if (is_dir($path) and $handle = opendir($path)) {
while (false !== ($entry = readdir($handle))) {
$file = $path . $entry;
if (is_file($file)){
unlink($file);
}
}
unset($handle);
}
}
当我在午夜进行源文件和数据库的自动备份过程时，我个人只使用这种方法。在白天运行它会增加删除其他用户使用文件的机会。
这就是为什么我正在考虑最佳做法，一旦通过浏览器将文件发送给用户，就删除这些文件，并将清洁方法留作维护用途。
如果没有错误，我将行数减1，因为我不想计算标题行。如果您将标题行视为数据行，则可以删除该行。
最后，这些方法返回访问新创建文件的路径：
return (empty($errorMessage) ? $path : "");
但仅在没有错误的情况下。因此，如果函数返回一个空字符串，则表示发生了错误。
PHP类型松散，您可以返回包括布尔值甚至错误消息在内的任何内容，但我更喜欢返回始终使用相同数据类型以实现常量目的。我个人最喜欢的方法是布尔返回值和引用传递的错误消息变量。所以我可以使用这样的代码：
$errorMessage = "";
if ($_SESSION["adminAccount"]->updateAccountInfo($errorMessage,
(isset($_POST['FIRST_NAME_TEXT']) ? $_POST['FIRST_NAME_TEXT'] : $_SESSION["adminAccount"]->getFirstName()),
(isset($_POST['LAST_NAME_TEXT']) ? $_POST['LAST_NAME_TEXT'] : $_SESSION["adminAccount"]->getLastName()),
(isset($_POST['EMAIL_TEXT']) ? $_POST['EMAIL_TEXT'] : $_SESSION["adminAccount"]->getEmail()))){
PageManager::displaySuccessMessage("Your account information were saved with success.", "USER_ACCOUNT_INFORMATION_SAVED");
}
else{
PageManager::displayErrorMessage($errorMessage);
}
这样，错误由类方法在内部管理，成功消息可以根据视图上下文进行调整。布尔返回值用于确定是否必须显示错误或成功消息。
注意：单位测试将包含在我的答案中。
来自蒙特利尔的Jonathan Parent-Lévesque