如何在使用lxml进行解析时解析外部未分析实体?
这是我的代码示例:
import io
from lxml import etree
content = b"""\
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE sample [
<!NOTATION jpeg SYSTEM "image/jpeg">
<!ENTITY ref1 SYSTEM "python-logo-small.jpg" NDATA jpeg>
<!ELEMENT sample EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST sample src ENTITY #REQUIRED>
]>
<sample src="ref1"/>
"""
parser = etree.XMLParser(dtd_validation=True, resolve_entities=True)
doc = etree.parse(io.BytesIO(content), parser=parser)
print(etree.tostring(doc))
注意:我使用的是lxml&gt; = 3.4
目前我有以下结果:
<!DOCTYPE sample [
<!NOTATION jpeg SYSTEM "image/jpeg" >
<!ENTITY ref1 SYSTEM "python-logo-small.jpg" NDATA jpeg>
<!ELEMENT sample EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST sample src ENTITY #REQUIRED>
]>
<sample src="ref1"/>
此处,ref1
实体未解析为&#34; python-logo-small.jpg&#34;。
我希望有<sample src="python-logo-small.jpg"/>
。
有什么不对吗?
我也尝试:
parser = etree.XMLParser(dtd_validation=True, resolve_entities=True, load_dtd=True)
但我有同样的结果。
或者,我想自己解析实体。为此,我尝试以这种方式列出实体:
for entity in doc.docinfo.internalDTD.iterentities():
msg_fmt = "{entity.name!r}, {entity.content!r}, {entity.orig!r}"
print(msg_fmt.format(entity=entity))
但我只获得实体和符号的名称,而不是实体的定义:
'ref1', 'jpeg', None
如何访问实体的定义?
答案 0 :(得分:0)
包含未解析实体的XML文档看起来不错。但未解析的实体不会以您期望的方式得到解决。如果要在解析的输出中查看<sample src="python-logo-small.jpg"/>
,请使用内部(已解析)实体。
示例:
import io
from lxml import etree
content = b"""\
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE sample [
<!ENTITY ref1 "python-logo-small.jpg">
<!ELEMENT sample EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST sample src CDATA #REQUIRED>
]>
<sample src="&ref1;"/>
"""
parser = etree.XMLParser(dtd_validation=True, resolve_entities=True)
doc = etree.parse(io.BytesIO(content), parser=parser)
print(etree.tostring(doc))
输出:
<!DOCTYPE sample [
<!ENTITY ref1 "python-logo-small.jpg">
<!ELEMENT sample EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST sample src CDATA #REQUIRED>
]>
<sample src="python-logo-small.jpg"/>
注意:
ref1
实体被声明为internal entity。&ref1;
。 src
属性声明为CDATA
类型。您可以使用unparsed-entity-uri
函数获取使用XSLT的未解析实体的值(URI)。要查看它的实际效果,请将以下行添加到问题中的代码示例中:
xsl = etree.XML('''\
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output encoding="utf-8" omit-xml-declaration="yes"/>
<xsl:template match="sample">
<xsl:value-of select="unparsed-entity-uri(@src)"/>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
''')
transform = etree.XSLT(xsl)
result = transform(doc)
print result
输出:
python-logo-small.jpg
答案 1 :(得分:0)
好的,不可能“解析”外部未解析的实体,但我们可以列出它们:
import io
import xml.sax
content = b"""\
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE sample [
<!NOTATION jpeg SYSTEM "image/jpeg">
<!ENTITY ref1 SYSTEM "python-logo-small.jpg" NDATA jpeg>
<!ELEMENT sample EMPTY>
<!ATTLIST sample src ENTITY #REQUIRED>
]>
<sample src="ref1"/>
"""
class MyDTDHandler(xml.sax.handler.DTDHandler):
def __init__(self):
pass
def unparsedEntityDecl(self, name, publicId, systemId, ndata):
print(dict(name=name, publicId=publicId, systemId=systemId, ndata=ndata))
xml.sax.handler.DTDHandler.unparsedEntityDecl(self, name, publicId, systemId, ndata)
parser = xml.sax.make_parser()
parser.setDTDHandler(MyDTDHandler())
parser.parse(io.BytesIO(content))
结果是:
{'systemId': u'python-logo-small.jpg', 'ndata': u'jpeg', 'publicId': None, 'name': u'ref1'}
所以工作已经完成。