如何将PHP数组传递给BASH脚本?

时间:2015-09-22 15:42:55

标签: php arrays linux bash shell

我有一个php脚本和一个bash脚本。他们在同一个目录中。我正在从命令行运行php脚本,它将数组传递给bash脚本。我正在尝试执行以下操作:

  1. 将PHP数组传递给BASH脚本
  2. 从STDIN
  3. 获取用户输入
  4. 将用户输入传递回PHP脚本以进行进一步处理
  5. 这是我的php脚本:

    <?php
    $a=array("red","green","blue","yellow");
    
    $string = '(' . implode(' ', $a) . ')';  // (red green blue yellow)
    
    $user_response = shell_exec('./response.sh $string');
    
    // do something with $user_response
    
    ?>
    

    BASH脚本应该从STDIN读取数组并提示用户选择一个选项:

    #!/bin/bash
    options=$($1);   # (red green blue yellow) but this isn't working
    i=0;
    echo "select an option";
    for each in "${options[@]}"
    do
    echo "[$i] $each"
    i=$((i+1))
    done
    
    echo;
    
    read input;
    echo "You picked option ${options[$input]}";
    # here's where I want to pass or export the input back to the 
    # php script for further processing
    

    当我运行php脚本时,它不会显示数组选项。

4 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:3)

我认为最简单的不是尝试模拟内部bash数组,而是使用'普通'逻辑/后处理。例如;如果你只是将implode(' ', $a)传递给bash脚本(你也应该通过escapeshellarg()传递):

$a=array("red","green","blue","yellow");
$args = implode(' ', array_map('escapeshellarg', $a)); 
$user_response = shell_exec('./response.sh '. $args);

然后你可以使用

遍历bash中的参数
for each in $*; do
  echo $each
done

答案 1 :(得分:3)

您的解决方案的问题是Shell脚本的输出实际上是在PHP $response变量中:

SHELL脚本:

#!/bin/bash
echo "Before prompt"
read -p 'Enter a value: ' input
echo "You entered $input"

PHP脚本:

<?php
$shell = shell_exec("./t.sh");

echo "SHELL RESPONSE\n$shell\n";

php t.php的结果:

$ php t.php
Enter a value: foo
SHELL RESPONSE
Before prompt
You entered foo

您捕获了Shell脚本的整个STDOUT

如果您希望简单地将值传递给shell脚本,$option_string = implode(' ', $array_of_values);选项将用于为脚本单独设置选项。如果你想要更高级的东西(设置标志,分配东西等),试试这个(https://ideone.com/oetqaY):

function build_shell_args(Array $options = array(), $equals="=") {

    static $ok_chars = '/^[-0-9a-z_:\/\.]+$/i';

    $args = array();

    foreach ($options as $key => $val) if (!is_null($val) && $val !== FALSE) {

        $arg     = '';
        $key_len = 0;

        if(is_string($key) && ($key_len = strlen($key)) > 0) {

            if(!preg_match($ok_chars, $key))
                $key = escapeshellarg($key);

            $arg .= '-'.(($key_len > 1) ? '-' : '').$key;
        }

        if($val !== TRUE) {

            if((string) $val !== (string) (int) $val) {
                $val = print_r($val, TRUE);

                if(!preg_match($ok_chars, $val))
                    $val = escapeshellarg($val);

            }

            if($key_len != 0)
                $arg .= $equals;

            $arg .= $val;

        }

        if(!empty($arg))
            $args[] = $arg;

    }

    return implode(' ', $args);
}

这将是您传递给命令行的最全面的解决方案。

如果您正在寻找一种提示用户(通常)的方法,我会考虑留在PHP中。最基本的方法是:

print_r("$question : ");
$fp = fopen('php://stdin', 'r');
$response = fgets($fp, 1024); 

或者,为了支持验证问题,多行,并且只在CLI上调用:

function prompt($message = NULL, $validator = NULL, $terminator = NULL, $include_terminating_line = FALSE) {

    if(PHP_SAPI != 'cli') {
        throw new \Exception('Can not Prompt.  Not Interactive.');
    }

    $return = '';

    // Defaults to 0 or more of any character.
    $validator = !is_null($validator) ? $validator : '/^.*$/';
    // Defaults to a lonely new-line character.
    $terminator = !is_null($terminator) ? $terminator : "/^\\n$/";

    if(@preg_match($validator, NULL) === FALSE) {
        throw new Exception("Prompt Validator Regex INVALID. - '$validator'");
    }

    if(@preg_match($terminator, NULL) === FALSE) {
        throw new Exception("Prompt Terminator Regex INVALID. - '$terminator'");
    }

    $fp = fopen('php://stdin', 'r');

    $message = print_r($message,true);

    while (TRUE) {
        print_r("$message : ");

        while (TRUE) {
            $line = fgets($fp, 1024); // read the special file to get the user input from keyboard

            $terminate = preg_match($terminator, $line);
            $valid = preg_match($validator, $line);

            if (!empty($valid) && (empty($terminate) || $include_terminating_line)) {
                $return .= $line;
            }

            if (!empty($terminate)) {
                break 2;
            }

            if(empty($valid)) {
                print_r("\nInput Invalid!\n");
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    return $return;
}

答案 2 :(得分:2)

由于括号在子shell中运行其中的内容,这不是我想要的......

我会改变这个......

$string = '(' . implode(' ', $a) . ')';

对此...

$string = '"' . implode (' ', $a) . '"';

另外,在这里使用双引号......

$user_response = shell_exec ("./response.sh $string");

或者爆发......

$user_response = shell_exec ('./response.sh ' . $string);

因此,我也会将BASH更改为简单地接受单个参数,字符串,并将该参数拆分为数组以获取我们的选项。

像这样...

#!/bin/bash

IFS=' ';
read -ra options <<< "$1";
i=0;

echo "select an option";

for each in "${options[@]}"; do
    echo "[$i] $each";
    i=$((i+1));
done;

unset i;
echo;

read input;
echo "You picked option " ${options[$input]};

答案 3 :(得分:2)

您可以将shell脚本设为:

#!/bin/bash
options=("$@")

i=0
echo "select an option"
for str in "${options[@]}"; do
   echo "[$i] $str"
   ((i++))
done    
echo    
read -p 'Enter an option: ' input
echo "You picked option ${options[$input]}"

然后将您的PHP代码设为:

<?php
$a=array("red","green","blue","yellow");    
$string = implode(' ', $a);    
$user_response = shell_exec("./response.sh $string");

echo "$user_response\n";
?>

但是请记住,从PHP运行时输出将是这样的:

php -f test.php
Enter an option: 2
select an option
[0] red
[1] green
[2] blue
[3] yellow

You picked option blue

即。用户输入将在脚本输出显示之前显示。