我在postgres中定义了一个视图,在一个单独的模式中定义了它正在使用的数据。 它包含三列:
mydb=# \d "my_views"."results"
View "my_views.results"
Column | Type | Modifiers
-----------+-----------------------+-----------
Date | date |
Something | character varying(60) |
Result | numeric |
当我从psql或adminer查询它时,我得到的结果就像theese:
bb_adminpanel=# select * from "my_views"."results";
Date | Something | Result
------------+-----------------------------+--------------
2015-09-14 | Foo | -3.36000000
2015-09-14 | Bar | -16.34000000
2015-09-12 | Foo | -11.55000000
2015-09-12 | Bar | 11.76000000
2015-09-11 | Bar | 2.48000000
然而,通过django查询它,我得到一个不同的集合: (c是数据库上的游标对象)
c.execute('SELECT * from "my_views"."results"')
c.fetchall()
[(datetime.date(2015, 9, 14), 'foo', Decimal('-3.36000000')),
(datetime.date(2015, 9, 14), 'bar', Decimal('-16.34000000')),
(datetime.date(2015, 9, 11), 'foo', Decimal('-11.55000000')),
(datetime.date(2015, 9, 11), 'bar', Decimal('14.24000000'))]
根本不匹配 - 前两行是正确的,但最后两行非常奇怪 - 它们有一个转移的日期,最后一条记录的结果是最后两行的总和。
我不知道为什么会这样,欢迎任何建议。
<小时/> 以下是视图定义:
SELECT a."Timestamp"::date AS "Date",
a."Something",
sum(a."x") AS "Result"
FROM my_views.another_view a
WHERE a.status::text = ANY (ARRAY['DONE'::character varying::text, 'CLOSED'::character varying::text])
GROUP BY a."Timestamp"::date, a."Something"
ORDER BY a."Timestamp"::date DESC;
和&#34; another_view&#34;看起来像这样:
Column | Type | Modifiers
---------------------------+--------------------------+-----------
Timestamp | timestamp with time zone |
Something | character varying(60) |
x | numeric |
status | character varying(100) |
(某些列无名)
答案 0 :(得分:1)
问题的简单解释是:时区。
详细说明:连接到PostgreSQL控制台时,您没有声明任何时区设置,但django会在每个查询中执行此操作。这样,某些记录的时间戳将根据使用的时区指向不同的日期,例如使用数据
+-------------------------+-----------+-------+--------+
| timestamp | something | x | status |
+-------------------------+-----------+-------+--------+
| 2015-09-11 12:00:00 UTC | foo | 2.48 | DONE |
| 2015-09-12 00:50:00 UTC | foo | 11.76 | DONE |
+-------------------------+-----------+-------+--------+
查询使用时区UTC执行的视图将为您提供2行,但使用时区GMT-2执行的查询将只提供一行。因为在GMT-2时区timestamp
来自第二排仍然是2015-09-11。
要解决此问题,您可以修改视图,因此它会始终根据指定的时区对日期进行分组:
SELECT (a."Timestamp" AT TIME ZONE 'UTC')::date AS "Date",
a."Something",
sum(a."x") AS "Result"
FROM my_views.another_view a
WHERE a.status::text = ANY (ARRAY['DONE'::character varying::text, 'CLOSED'::character varying::text])
GROUP BY (a."Timestamp" AT TIME ZONE 'UTC'), a."Something"
ORDER BY (a."Timestamp" AT TIME ZONE 'UTC') DESC;
这样的日子总是按照&#39; UTC&#39;来计算。时区。