我一直在尝试使用Python的请求包下载以下网址:
在Chrome中,证书似乎有效:
但是,在Python中,请求失败了SSLV3_ALERT_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE
,即使using the verify
flag忽略了错误的证书:
如果将verify设置为False
,请求也可以忽略验证SSL证书
>>> requests.__version__
'2.7.0'
>>> LOGIN_URL = 'https://service.isracard.co.il/I_logon.jsp'
>>> requests.get(LOGIN_URL, verify=False)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
File "/private/tmp/sslenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 69, in get
return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
File "/private/tmp/sslenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/api.py", line 50, in request
response = session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
File "/private/tmp/sslenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 465, in request
resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
File "/private/tmp/sslenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 573, in send
r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
File "/private/tmp/sslenv/lib/python2.7/site-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 431, in send
raise SSLError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.SSLError: [SSL: SSLV3_ALERT_HANDSHAKE_FAILURE] sslv3 alert handshake failure (_ssl.c:590)
我在OSX上的虚拟环境中使用请求2.7.0和Python 2.7.10。
在同一台机器上调用同一个URL的cURL工作正常:
$ curl -I https://service.isracard.co.il/I_logon.jsp
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Date: Fri, 18 Sep 2015 11:37:27 GMT
Server: IBM_HTTP_Server
X-Powered-By: Servlet/3.0
Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=0000R90MxFKBVxBMV665syGfjnh:-1; Path=/; HttpOnly
Expires: Thu, 01 Dec 1994 16:00:00 GMT
Cache-Control: no-cache="set-cookie, set-cookie2"
Set-Cookie: Alt50_ZLinuxPrd=94742720.30755.0000; expires=Fri, 18-Sep-2015 12:07:19 GMT; path=/
Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-8
Content-Language: iw-IL
Set-Cookie: ServiceP=53323968.20480.0000; path=/
答案 0 :(得分:18)
证书验证没有失败,因此verify
参数不适用于此处。失败的是密码协商;没有一个密码requests
愿意使用服务器愿意使用的匹配。
如果您使用curl
开关运行-v
命令,您将看到curl
为成功连接协商了哪些密码套件:
$ curl -v -I https://service.isracard.co.il/I_logon.jsp
* Hostname was NOT found in DNS cache
* Trying 192.118.12.8...
* Connected to service.isracard.co.il (192.118.12.8) port 443 (#0)
* TLS 1.2 connection using TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA
[ .... ]
这是RC4-SHA密码,它有some rather troublesome securty issues并且不应该被使用;例如,它不提供forward secrecy。 urllib3
软件包(与requests
捆绑在一起)默认情况下从默认密码中排除该密码。您可以将其添加回:
import requests
requests.packages.urllib3.util.ssl_.DEFAULT_CIPHERS += ':RC4-SHA'
try:
requests.packages.urllib3.contrib.pyopenssl.DEFAULT_SSL_CIPHER_LIST += ':RC4-SHA'
except AttributeError:
# no pyopenssl support used / needed / available
pass
并且您的请求有效:
>>> import requests
>>> requests.packages.urllib3.util.ssl_.DEFAULT_CIPHERS += ':RC4-SHA'
>>> requests.get('https://service.isracard.co.il/I_logon.jsp')
<Response [200]>
我没有安装pyOpenSSL包,所以我没有打扰try..except
防护部分。
答案 1 :(得分:6)
我在macOS Sierra,Python 2.7.9上遇到了这个问题,它由以下版本修复:
sudo pip install --ignore-installed pyOpenSSL --upgrade
这可能是由于pyOpenSSL太旧了。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
OpenSSL升级和安装ndg-httpsclient
的组合为我解决了
sudo pip install ndg-httpsclient
和
sudo pip install --ignore-installed pyOpenSSL --upgrade