我是c ++正则表达式的新手。我有一个字符串“{1,2,3}”,我想提取数字1 2 3.我认为我应该使用regex_search但它失败了。
#include<iostream>
#include<regex>
#include<string>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
string s1("{1,2,3}");
string s2("{}");
smatch sm;
regex e(R"(\d+)");
cout << s1 << endl;
if (regex_search(s1,sm,e)){
cout << "size: " << sm.size() << endl;
for (int i = 0 ; i < sm.size(); ++i){
cout << "the " << i+1 << "th match" <<": "<< sm[i] << endl;
}
}
}
结果:
{1,2,3}
size: 1
the 1th match: 1
答案 0 :(得分:12)
std::smatch给出的是正则表达式中所有匹配的组。您的正则表达式只包含一个组,因此std::smatch只有一个项目。
如果您想查找所有匹配项,则需要使用std::sregex_iterator。
int main()
{
std::string s1("{1,2,3}");
std::regex e(R"(\d+)");
std::cout << s1 << std::endl;
std::sregex_iterator iter(s1.begin(), s1.end(), e);
std::sregex_iterator end;
while(iter != end)
{
std::cout << "size: " << iter->size() << std::endl;
for(unsigned i = 0; i < iter->size(); ++i)
{
std::cout << "the " << i + 1 << "th match" << ": " << (*iter)[i] << std::endl;
}
++iter;
}
}
<强>输出:强>
{1,2,3}
size: 1
the 1th match: 1
size: 1
the 1th match: 2
size: 1
the 1th match: 3
end
迭代器是由设计默认构造的,因此当iter
用完匹配时它等于iter
。注意在循环的底部我做++iter
。这会将iter
移至下一场比赛。如果没有其他匹配项,则iter
与默认构建的end
具有相同的值。
显示子匹配(捕获组)的另一个示例:
int main()
{
std::string s1("{1,2,3}{4,5,6}{7,8,9}");
std::regex e(R"~((\d+),(\d+),(\d+))~");
std::cout << s1 << std::endl;
std::sregex_iterator iter(s1.begin(), s1.end(), e);
std::sregex_iterator end;
while(iter != end)
{
std::cout << "size: " << iter->size() << std::endl;
std::cout << "expression match #" << 0 << ": " << (*iter)[0] << std::endl;
for(unsigned i = 1; i < iter->size(); ++i)
{
std::cout << "capture submatch #" << i << ": " << (*iter)[i] << std::endl;
}
++iter;
}
}
<强>输出:强>
{1,2,3}{4,5,6}{7,8,9}
size: 4
expression match #0: 1,2,3
capture submatch #1: 1
capture submatch #2: 2
capture submatch #3: 3
size: 4
expression match #0: 4,5,6
capture submatch #1: 4
capture submatch #2: 5
capture submatch #3: 6
size: 4
expression match #0: 7,8,9
capture submatch #1: 7
capture submatch #2: 8
capture submatch #3: 9