在Android中,我使用以下代码生成我需要的渐变背景:
<gradient
android:angle="90"
android:startColor="#40000000"
android:endColor="#00000000"
android:type="linear" />
背景从上到下从浅到深。我想知道如何在Python中用PIL做同样的事情,因为我需要对用Python编写的另一个程序产生相同的效果。
答案 0 :(得分:5)
这里展示了绘制多色矩形水平和垂直渐变的方法。
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw
BLACK, DARKGRAY, GRAY = ((0,0,0), (63,63,63), (127,127,127))
LIGHTGRAY, WHITE = ((191,191,191), (255,255,255))
BLUE, GREEN, RED = ((0, 0, 255), (0, 255, 0), (255, 0, 0))
class Point(object):
def __init__(self, x, y):
self.x, self.y = x, y
@staticmethod
def from_point(other):
return Point(other.x, other.y)
class Rect(object):
def __init__(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
minx, maxx = (x1,x2) if x1 < x2 else (x2,x1)
miny, maxy = (y1,y2) if y1 < y2 else (y2,y1)
self.min = Point(minx, miny)
self.max = Point(maxx, maxy)
@staticmethod
def from_points(p1, p2):
return Rect(p1.x, p1.y, p2.x, p2.y)
def __str__(self):
return 'Rect({:d}, {:d}, {:d}, {:d})'.format(self.min.x, self.min.y,
self.max.x, self.max.x)
width = property(lambda self: self.max.x - self.min.x)
height = property(lambda self: self.max.y - self.min.y)
def gradient_color(minval, maxval, val, color_palette):
""" Computes intermediate RGB color of a value in the range of minval
to maxval (inclusive) based on a color_palette representing the range.
"""
max_index = len(color_palette)-1
v = float(val-minval) / float(maxval-minval) * max_index
i1, i2 = int(v), min(int(v)+1, max_index)
(r1, g1, b1), (r2, g2, b2) = color_palette[i1], color_palette[i2]
f = v - i1
return int(r1 + f*(r2-r1)), int(g1 + f*(g2-g1)), int(b1 + f*(b2-b1))
def horz_gradient(draw, rect, color_func, color_palette):
minval, maxval = 1, len(color_palette)
delta = maxval - minval
for x in range(rect.min.x, rect.max.x+1):
f = (x - rect.min.x) / float(rect.width)
val = minval + f * delta
color = color_func(minval, maxval, val, color_palette)
draw.line([(x, rect.min.y), (x, rect.max.y)], fill=color)
def vert_gradient(draw, rect, color_func, color_palette):
minval, maxval = 1, len(color_palette)
delta = maxval - minval
for y in range(rect.min.y, rect.max.y+1):
f = (y - rect.min.y) / float(rect.height)
val = minval + f * delta
color = color_func(minval, maxval, val, color_palette)
draw.line([(rect.min.x, y), (rect.max.x, y)], fill=color)
color_palette = [BLUE, GREEN, RED]
region = Rect(0, 0, 730, 350)
imgx, imgy = region.max.x+1, region.max.y+1
image = Image.new("RGB", (imgx, imgy), WHITE)
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(image)
vert_gradient(draw, region, gradient_color, color_palette)
image.show()
#image.save("vert_gradient.png", "PNG")
#print 'image saved'
这里是它生成并显示的图像:
这会在RGB颜色空间中插入中间颜色,但也可以使用其他颜色空间 - 例如,请参阅我对问题Range values to pseudocolor的回答。
这可以很容易地扩展到生成ARGB(Alpha + RGB)图像。
答案 1 :(得分:1)
如果只需要两种颜色,则可以非常简单地完成此操作:
def generate_gradient(
colour1: str, colour2: str, width: int, height: int) -> Image:
"""Generate a vertical gradient."""
base = Image.new('RGB', (width, height), colour1)
top = Image.new('RGB', (width, height), colour2)
mask = Image.new('L', (width, height))
mask_data = []
for y in range(height):
for x in range(width):
mask_data.append(int(255 * (y / height)))
mask.putdata(mask_data)
base.paste(top, (0, 0), mask)
return base
这将创建每种颜色的图层,然后创建透明度根据y
位置而变化的蒙版。第10行中的y / height
和x / width
用于水平渐变,或者x
和y
的任何函数用于另一个渐变。
答案 2 :(得分:0)
这是拼出的技术。您需要彼此叠加2层,每种颜色一层。然后为顶层创建每个增加的透明度,为底层减少透明度。对于额外的作业,您可以将透明率更改为升序对数刻度而不是线性。玩得开心。