我想调整大小(如在超出限制时减少文件大小)一个使用画布的图像。我看到在画布上绘制的结果图像大小,保持宽度和高度不变,导致不同的文件大小取决于在画布上绘制的内容。
如果我得到所需的文件大小,我愿意进一步降低分辨率。
如何确定我在文件(图像)大小限制内达到的分辨率?
请参阅this fiddle
var el = document.getElementById('f');
el.addEventListener('change', onChange);
function onChange(e) {
var file = this.files[0];
console.log("CHANGING");
var fr = new FileReader();
fr.onload = function(e) {
drawOnCanvas(e.target.result);
}
fr.readAsDataURL(file);
}
function drawOnCanvas(imgSrc) {
var canv = document.createElement('canvas'),
img = new Image();
console.log("DRAWING");
canv.width = canv.height = 500;
ctx = canv.getContext('2d');
img.onload = function() {
console.log("IMAGE LOADED");
ctx.drawImage(img, 0, 0, img.width, img.height, 0, 0, canv.width, canv.height);
try {
document.body.removeChild(document.querySelector('canvas'));
} catch (e) {}
document.body.appendChild(canv);
blob = canvasToFile(canv.toDataURL());
alert("FILE SIZE " + blob.size);
}
img.src = imgSrc;
}
function canvasToFile(dataUrl) {
var encData = dataUrl.split(',')[1],
binString = atob(encData),
binData = new Uint8Array(binString.length),
i, blob;
for (i = 0; i < binString.length; i++) {
binData[i] = binString.charCodeAt(i);
}
blob = new Blob([binData], {
type: 'image/jpeg'
});
return blob;
}
<p>Try uploading different image file and see the difference in size for same output resolution:</p>
<input type="file" id="f">
答案 0 :(得分:3)
您遇到的问题是canvas.toDataURL(type, encoderOptions)
的默认type
参数为image/png
,而且它实际上是图像数据的base64编码。
对于前者,大多数浏览器都支持image/jpeg
作为图像类型。由于jpg压缩,这可能会减小数据大小,但这首先会启用方法的encoderOptions
参数,该参数可以转换为质量参数并需要0到1的浮动。
请注意,如果转换为jpg,您无法确定数据是否会更亮:如果图像主要由透明像素组成,则png将更亮。 另外,请记住,jpeg压缩会降低图像的质量,请参阅最后一个片段以查看0的结果:)
对于后者,(您可以找到原因here的解释),解决方法是将dataURL转换回blob。
以下是演示它的片段:
var input = document.querySelector('input');
var canvas = document.createElement('canvas'),
ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
function draw(){
var img = new Image();
img.src = URL.createObjectURL(this.files[0]);
img.onload = function(){
canvas.width = this.naturalWidth;
canvas.height = this.naturalHeight;
ctx.drawImage(this, 0,0);
var noData = canvas.toDataURL();
png_data.innerHTML = 'dataURL length: '+noData.length;
var noBlob = dataURItoBlob(noData);
png_blob.innerHTML = 'blob size: '+ noBlob.size;
var jpgData10 = canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg', 1),
jpgData5 = canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg', 0.5),
jpgData0 = canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg', 0);
jpg_data.innerHTML = 'quality = 1 : '+ jpgData10.length+'<br>';
jpg_data.innerHTML += 'quality = 0.5 : '+ jpgData5.length+'<br>';
jpg_data.innerHTML += 'quality = 0 :'+ jpgData0.length+'<br>';
var jpgBlob10 = dataURItoBlob(jpgData10);
jpg_blob.innerHTML = 'blob quality = 1 : '+jpgBlob10.size+'<br>';
var jpgBlob5 = dataURItoBlob(jpgData5);
jpg_blob.innerHTML += 'blob quality = .5 : '+jpgBlob5.size+'<br>';
var jpgBlob0 = dataURItoBlob(jpgData0);
jpg_blob.innerHTML += 'blob quality = 0 : '+jpgBlob0.size;
}
this.previousElementSibling.innerHTML = 'orginal size : '+this.files[0].size;
}
input.onchange = draw;
// Taken from https://stackoverflow.com/a/5100158/3702797
function dataURItoBlob(dataURI) {
var byteString;
if (dataURI.split(',')[0].indexOf('base64') >= 0)
byteString = atob(dataURI.split(',')[1]);
else
byteString = unescape(dataURI.split(',')[1]);
var mimeString = dataURI.split(',')[0].split(':')[1].split(';')[0];
var ia = new Uint8Array(byteString.length);
for (var i = 0; i < byteString.length; i++) {
ia[i] = byteString.charCodeAt(i);
}
return new Blob([ia], {type:mimeString});
}
<div></div>
<input type="file"/>
<br>PNG :
<div id="png_data"></div>
<div id="png_blob"></div>
<br>Jpeg :
<div id="jpg_data"></div>
<div id="jpg_blob"></div>
canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg', 0)
演示?
var canvas = document.createElement('canvas'),
ctx = canvas.getContext('2d');
document.querySelector('input').onchange = function(){
var img = new Image();
img.src = URL.createObjectURL(this.files[0]);
img.onload = function(){
canvas.width = this.naturalWidth;
canvas.height = this.naturalHeight;
ctx.drawImage(this, 0,0);
document.images[0].src = canvas.toDataURL('image/jpeg', 0);
}
}
<input type="file"/>
<img/>
此外,如果您需要使文件比特定大小更轻,我在another question上写了一些东西,它将数据大小限制为3Mb(只需根据需要更改maxSize并删除localStorage部分)。 / p>