我尝试使用spring4和jackrabbit开发一些服务器程序。当我使用JUnit测试Controller类时，会发生BeanCreationExceptrion错误。我认为这个错误与autowired变量有关。帮我。如何解决这个问题？
这是我的Controller类的负责人。
package kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.jcr.Node;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.model.RDML;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.model.Traceability;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.IRDMLConverter;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.IRDMLDBMgmt;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.IRDMLRDFMgmt;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.RDMLDBException;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.RDMLRDFException;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.RevisionControlException;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.rdf.RDFConverter;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.jdom2.Document;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.Model;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.Property;
import com.hp.hpl.jena.rdf.model.Resource;
// reference
// http://crunchify.com/simplest-spring-mvc-hello-world-example-tutorial-spring-model-view-controller-tips/
@Controller
public class SoremoreController {
private static final int buffer_size = 1024;
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(SoremoreController.class.getName());
private static String fileName = "";
@Autowired
private ApplicationContext appContext = null;
@Autowired
private IRDMLConverter rdmlConverter = null;
@Autowired
private IRDMLRDFMgmt rdmlRDFMgmt = null;
@Autowired
private IRDMLDBMgmt rdmlDBMgmt = null;
@Autowired
private RDFConverter rdfConverter = null;
....
这是我的考试班。
package kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.model.RDML;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.model.Traceability;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.RDMLDBException;
import org.jdom2.Document;
import org.jdom2.JDOMException;
import org.jdom2.input.SAXBuilder;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
//@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:/soremore-servlet.xml" })
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/application-config.xml" })
public class SoremoreControllerTest {
@Autowired
SoremoreController soremoreController = null;
@Test
public void storeRDML() {
// String[] hwpmlPaths = { "resource/sample_rdml/예제 1.xml",
// "resource/sample_rdml/예제 2.xml",
// "resource/sample_rdml/예제 3.xml",
// "resource/sample_rdml/예제 4.xml",
// "resource/sample_rdml/예제 5.xml",
// "resource/sample_rdml/예제 6.xml",
// "resource/sample_rdml/예제 7.xml",
// "resource/sample_rdml/예제 8.xml",
// "resource/sample_rdml/예제 9.xml",
// "resource/sample_rdml/예제 10.xml" };
//
// for (String hwpmlPath : hwpmlPaths) {
// soremoreController.storeRDML(hwpmlPath);
// }
ArrayList<RDML> rdmls = loadTestRDML();
boolean isSuccessful = false;
for (RDML rdml : rdmls) {
try {
soremoreController.storeRDML(rdml);
System.out.println();
isSuccessful = true;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
isSuccessful = false;
}
}
Assert.assertTrue(isSuccessful);
}
@Test
public void storeRDMLWithTraceability() throws IOException {
List<RDML>rdmls = null ;
String previousRDMLId = "xxx";
for (RDML rdml : rdmls) {
soremoreController.storeRDMLWithTraceability(rdml,
previousRDMLId, TraceabilityTypes.satisfy);
}
}
@Test
public void updateRDMLWithTraceability() {
String previousRDMLId1 = "xxx";
String previousRDMLId2 = "xxx";
String updatedTraceability = soremoreController.updateRDMLTraceability(
previousRDMLId1, previousRDMLId2, TraceabilityTypes.satisfy);
}
@Test
public void deleteRDMLWithTraceability() {
String previousRDMLId1 = "xxx";
String previousRDMLId2 = "xxx";
String removedTraceability = soremoreController.deleteRDMLTraceability(
previousRDMLId1, previousRDMLId2);
}
@Test
public void searchRDML() {
String rdmlKeyWord = "abc";
ArrayList<RDML> rdmls = soremoreController.searchRDML(rdmlKeyWord);
for (RDML rdml : rdmls) {
System.out.println(rdml);
}
}
@Test
public void searchRDML0() {
String rdmlKeyWord = "def";
ArrayList<RDML> rdmls = soremoreController.searchRDML(rdmlKeyWord);
for (RDML rdml : rdmls) {
System.out.println(rdml);
}
}
@Test
public void searchRDML1() {
String rdmlKeyWord = "2차년도계획서";
ArrayList<RDML> rdmls = soremoreController.searchRDML(rdmlKeyWord);
for (RDML rdml : rdmls) {
System.out.println(rdml);
}
}
@Test
public void getRDML() {
String rdmlID = "abc";
RDML rdml = soremoreController.getRDML(rdmlID);
}
@Test
public void getParentIDs() {
String rdmlID = "abcd";
ArrayList<String> parentIDs = soremoreController.getParentIDs(rdmlID);
for (String string : parentIDs) {
}
}
@Test
public void getChildIDs() {
String rdmlID = "abcd";
ArrayList<String> childIDs = soremoreController.getChildIDs(rdmlID);
for (String string : childIDs) {
}
}
public void getDirectLinkedTraceability() {
String rdmlID = "abcd";
ArrayList<Traceability> linkedTraceabilities = soremoreController
.getDirectLinkedTraceability(rdmlID);
for (Traceability traceability : linkedTraceabilities) {
}
}
public ArrayList<RDML> loadTestRDML() {
ArrayList<RDML> rdmls = new ArrayList<RDML>();
String xmlSource = "resource/sample_rdml";
File sourceDir = new File(xmlSource);
File[] sourceFiles = sourceDir.listFiles();
for (File file : sourceFiles) {
RDML rdml = new RDML();
rdml.setRdmlAsDocument(createDocument(file));
rdmls.add(rdml);
}
return rdmls;
}
private Document createDocument(File rdmlPathAsFile) {
SAXBuilder jdomBuilder = new SAXBuilder();
Document jdomDocument = null;
try {
jdomDocument = jdomBuilder.build(rdmlPathAsFile);
} catch (JDOMException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
return jdomDocument;
}
}
这是我的spring配置xml文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore" />
<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
<property name="contentType" value="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
</bean>
<!-- for file upload -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- setting maximum upload size -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="20000000" />
</bean>
</beans>
这是一个变量的类头。
package kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.rdml;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import javax.jcr.Node;
import javax.jcr.NodeIterator;
import javax.jcr.PathNotFoundException;
import javax.jcr.Repository;
import javax.jcr.RepositoryException;
import javax.jcr.Session;
import javax.jcr.SimpleCredentials;
import javax.jcr.UnsupportedRepositoryOperationException;
import javax.jcr.ValueFormatException;
import javax.jcr.lock.LockException;
import javax.jcr.nodetype.ConstraintViolationException;
import javax.jcr.nodetype.NoSuchNodeTypeException;
import javax.jcr.query.Query;
import javax.jcr.query.QueryManager;
import javax.jcr.query.QueryResult;
import javax.jcr.version.Version;
import javax.jcr.version.VersionException;
import javax.jcr.version.VersionHistory;
import javax.jcr.version.VersionIterator;
import javax.jcr.version.VersionManager;
import javax.xml.parsers.ParserConfigurationException;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller.SoremoreController;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.model.RDML;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.IRDMLDBMgmt;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.RDMLDBException;
import kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.service.RevisionControlException;
import org.apache.jackrabbit.commons.JcrUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.jdom2.Attribute;
import org.jdom2.Document;
import org.jdom2.Element;
import org.jdom2.output.XMLOutputter;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class RDMLDBMgmtImpl implements IRDMLDBMgmt {
static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(SoremoreController.class.getName());
static private int docNumber = 0;
private Repository repository;
private Session session;
....
这是堆栈跟踪。
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller.SoremoreControllerTest': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller.SoremoreController kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller.SoremoreControllerTest.soremoreController; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller.SoremoreController] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:334)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1204)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:385)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117)
at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:82)
at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:212)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:199)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:251)
at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:253)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:216)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:82)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:238)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:63)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:236)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:53)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:229)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:60)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:67)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:309)
at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:162)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller.SoremoreController kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller.SoremoreControllerTest.soremoreController; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller.SoremoreController] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:555)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:331)
... 26 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [kr.ac.jbnu.sql.soremore.controller.SoremoreController] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1261)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1009)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:904)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:527)
... 28 more
答案 0 :(得分：1)
为了让Spring在测试用例中自动装配SoremoreController字段，它需要在ApplicationContext中为该类型的bean定义bean。这意味着您需要对在ContextConfiguration注释中指出的xml文件中定义SoremoreController的包（或父包）进行组件扫描。
请注意，SoremoreController实例中的所有自动连接字段也必须在ApplicationContext中定义相应的bean，否则Spring将无法创建该实例，导致测试失败，堆栈跟踪类似于你发布了（但总是明确指出 - 到最后 - 问题的根本原因）。