Question

我创建了一个程序，该文件从包含x，y，z（z始终为0）的文本文件创建热图，以及201 x 201像素区域中每个像素的强度值。我现在正尝试使用Tkinter创建一个GUI，允许我浏览文本文件，然后显示我选择的文件的热图，但我遇到了一些问题。这是我到目前为止的代码：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.cm as cm
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import Tkinter as tk
import ttk as ttk
from tkFileDialog import askopenfilename

f = Figure(figsize=(5,5), dpi=100)
a = f.add_subplot(111)
a.clear()

def Separate(image):
    '''Separate columns of text file into arrays'''
    img = np.loadtxt(image)
    intensity = np.array(image[:,0])
    x = np.array(image[:,1])
    y = np.array(image[:,2])
    z = np.array(image[:,3])
    return intensity, x, y, z

def constructImage(intensity, x, y):
    '''Create a heatmap of the data'''
    lenx = int(np.amax(x) - np.amin(x) + 1)
    leny = int(np.amax(y) - np.amin(y) + 1)
    intensity2 = intensity.reshape(lenx, leny)
    a.clear()
    a.imshow(intensity2, extent = (np.amin(x), np.amax(x), np.amin(y), np.amax(y)))

def SeparateandConstruct(image):
    img = np.loadtxt(image)
    intensity, x, y, z = Separate(img)
    constructImage(intensity, x, y)

LARGE_FONT= ("Verdana", 12)

def callback():
    '''Opens text file and runs Separate function'''
    name = askopenfilename()
    return name

class Application(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        container = tk.Frame(self)
        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand = True)
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        self.frames = {}
        frame = ImageConstructor(container, self)
        self.frames[ImageConstructor] = frame
        frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
        self.show_frame(ImageConstructor)

    def show_frame(self, cont):
        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()

#Image Constructor Frame
class ImageConstructor(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self,parent)
        #Title Label
        label = ttk.Label(self, text="Image Constructor", font=LARGE_FONT)
        label.pack(pady=10,padx=10)

        #Button to browse for a text file
        browseButton = ttk.Button(self, text="Browse", command=callback)
        browseButton.pack()

        #Label displaying the path to the selected text file
        filePath = ttk.Label(self, text="No File Selected", font=LARGE_FONT)
        filePath.pack()

        #Button that creates an image of the selected text file
        constructButton = ttk.Button(self, text="Construct Image")
        constructButton.pack()

        #Canvas for the heatmap
        canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(f, self)
        canvas.show()
        canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)

        #Button to close the program
        quitButton = ttk.Button(self, text="Quit", command=controller.destroy)
        quitButton.pack()

def main():
    app = Application()
    app.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

我遇到的问题是，在使用浏览按钮后，我不确定如何保存回调函数的输出。我想让filePath标签更新以显示所选文本文件的文件路径，我还想让constructButton将SeparateandConstruct函数应用于我选择的文本文件，但我不知道如何保存输出回调函数。如果我使用tkinter按钮运行它，有没有办法将函数的输出保存到变量？如果我知道如何做到这一点，我觉得这很容易上班，但我还没能弄明白。

Answer 1

以下是如何使回调修改类实例属性的简短演示。关键的想法是使回调成为类的方法，因此它可以访问类的属性。

我在这里使用它来更新附加到文件名Label的tk.StringVar。

import Tkinter as tk
from tkFileDialog import askopenfilename

class Demo(object):
    def __init__(self):
        master = tk.Tk()
        frame = tk.Frame(master)
        frame.pack()

        b = tk.Button(frame, text="Browse", command=self.getfilename_cb)
        b.pack()
        self.filename = tk.StringVar()
        self.filename.set("No File Selected")
        l = tk.Label(frame, textvariable=self.filename)
        l.pack()

        master.mainloop()

    def getfilename_cb(self):
        fname = askopenfilename()
        if fname:
            self.filename.set(fname)

Demo()

如何保存我使用Tkinter按钮运行的python函数的输出？

1 个答案: