我可以将C#字符串值转换为转义字符串文字

时间:2008-11-27 12:39:37

标签: c# string escaping

在C#中,我可以将字符串值转换为字符串文字,我会在代码中看到它吗?我想用它们的转义序列替换制表符,换行符等。

如果这段代码:

Console.WriteLine(someString);

产生

Hello
World!

我想要这段代码:

Console.WriteLine(ToLiteral(someString));

生产:

\tHello\r\n\tWorld!\r\n

16 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:159)

我发现了这个:

private static string ToLiteral(string input)
{
    using (var writer = new StringWriter())
    {
        using (var provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp"))
        {
            provider.GenerateCodeFromExpression(new CodePrimitiveExpression(input), writer, null);
            return writer.ToString();
        }
    }
}

此代码:

var input = "\tHello\r\n\tWorld!";
Console.WriteLine(input);
Console.WriteLine(ToLiteral(input));

产地:

    Hello
    World!
"\tHello\r\n\tWorld!"

答案 1 :(得分:31)

Regex.Escape(String)怎么办?

  

Regex.Escape转义一组最小字符(\,*,+,?,|,{,[,   (,),^,$,。,#和white space)用它们的转义替换它们   码。

答案 2 :(得分:23)

编辑:一种更结构化的方法,包括stringchar的所有转义序列。
不会将unicode字符替换为其等效字符。 也不煮鸡蛋。

public class ReplaceString
{
    static readonly IDictionary<string, string> m_replaceDict 
        = new Dictionary<string, string>();

    const string ms_regexEscapes = @"[\a\b\f\n\r\t\v\\""]";

    public static string StringLiteral(string i_string)
    {
        return Regex.Replace(i_string, ms_regexEscapes, match);
    }

    public static string CharLiteral(char c)
    {
        return c == '\'' ? @"'\''" : string.Format("'{0}'", c);
    }

    private static string match(Match m)
    {
        string match = m.ToString();
        if (m_replaceDict.ContainsKey(match))
        {
            return m_replaceDict[match];
        }

        throw new NotSupportedException();
    }

    static ReplaceString()
    {
        m_replaceDict.Add("\a", @"\a");
        m_replaceDict.Add("\b", @"\b");
        m_replaceDict.Add("\f", @"\f");
        m_replaceDict.Add("\n", @"\n");
        m_replaceDict.Add("\r", @"\r");
        m_replaceDict.Add("\t", @"\t");
        m_replaceDict.Add("\v", @"\v");

        m_replaceDict.Add("\\", @"\\");
        m_replaceDict.Add("\0", @"\0");

        //The SO parser gets fooled by the verbatim version 
        //of the string to replace - @"\"""
        //so use the 'regular' version
        m_replaceDict.Add("\"", "\\\""); 
    }

    static void Main(string[] args){

        string s = "here's a \"\n\tstring\" to test";
        Console.WriteLine(ReplaceString.StringLiteral(s));
        Console.WriteLine(ReplaceString.CharLiteral('c'));
        Console.WriteLine(ReplaceString.CharLiteral('\''));

    }
}

答案 3 :(得分:18)

public static class StringHelpers
{
    private static Dictionary<string, string> escapeMapping = new Dictionary<string, string>()
    {
        {"\"", @"\\\"""},
        {"\\\\", @"\\"},
        {"\a", @"\a"},
        {"\b", @"\b"},
        {"\f", @"\f"},
        {"\n", @"\n"},
        {"\r", @"\r"},
        {"\t", @"\t"},
        {"\v", @"\v"},
        {"\0", @"\0"},
    };

    private static Regex escapeRegex = new Regex(string.Join("|", escapeMapping.Keys.ToArray()));

    public static string Escape(this string s)
    {
        return escapeRegex.Replace(s, EscapeMatchEval);
    }

    private static string EscapeMatchEval(Match m)
    {
        if (escapeMapping.ContainsKey(m.Value))
        {
            return escapeMapping[m.Value];
        }
        return escapeMapping[Regex.Escape(m.Value)];
    }
}

答案 4 :(得分:15)

尝试:

var t = HttpUtility.JavaScriptStringEncode(s);

答案 5 :(得分:13)

Hallgrim的回答非常好,但“+”,换行符和缩进添加功能对我来说是破坏功能的。一个简单的方法是:

private static string ToLiteral(string input)
{
    using (var writer = new StringWriter())
    {
        using (var provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp"))
        {
            provider.GenerateCodeFromExpression(new CodePrimitiveExpression(input), writer, new CodeGeneratorOptions {IndentString = "\t"});
            var literal = writer.ToString();
            literal = literal.Replace(string.Format("\" +{0}\t\"", Environment.NewLine), "");
            return literal;
        }
    }
}

答案 6 :(得分:12)

完全有效的实现,包括转义Unicode和ASCII不可打印字符。不插入像Hallgrim's answer这样的“+”符号。

    static string ToLiteral(string input) {
        StringBuilder literal = new StringBuilder(input.Length + 2);
        literal.Append("\"");
        foreach (var c in input) {
            switch (c) {
                case '\'': literal.Append(@"\'"); break;
                case '\"': literal.Append("\\\""); break;
                case '\\': literal.Append(@"\\"); break;
                case '\0': literal.Append(@"\0"); break;
                case '\a': literal.Append(@"\a"); break;
                case '\b': literal.Append(@"\b"); break;
                case '\f': literal.Append(@"\f"); break;
                case '\n': literal.Append(@"\n"); break;
                case '\r': literal.Append(@"\r"); break;
                case '\t': literal.Append(@"\t"); break;
                case '\v': literal.Append(@"\v"); break;
                default:
                    // ASCII printable character
                    if (c >= 0x20 && c <= 0x7e) {
                        literal.Append(c);
                    // As UTF16 escaped character
                    } else {
                        literal.Append(@"\u");
                        literal.Append(((int)c).ToString("x4"));
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
        literal.Append("\"");
        return literal.ToString();
    }

答案 7 :(得分:8)

有趣的问题。

如果找不到更好的方法,可以随时更换 如果您选择它,可以使用 C#转义序列表

  • \' - 单引号,字符文字需要
  • \“ - 双引号,字符串文字需要
  • \ - 反斜杠
  • \ 0 - Unicode字符0
  • \ a - 提醒(字符7)
  • \ b - 退格(字符8)
  • \ f - 表格Feed(字符12)
  • \ n - 新行(字符10)
  • \ r - 回车(字符13)
  • \ t - 水平制表符(字符9)
  • \ v - 垂直引号(字符11)
  • \ uxxxx - 十六进制值为xxxx
  • 的字符的Unicode转义序列
  • \ xn [n] [n] [n] - 具有十六进制值nnnn(可变长度版本\ uxxxx)的字符的Unicode转义序列
  • \ Uxxxxxxxx - 十六进制值为xxxxxxxx的字符的Unicode转义序列(用于生成代理)

此列表可在C#常见问题中找到 What character escape sequences are available?

答案 8 :(得分:6)

对于Smilediver的答案,这是一个小小的改进,它不会逃脱所有非ASCII字符,但只有这些才真正需要。

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Text;

public static class CodeHelper
{
    public static string ToLiteral(this string input)
    {
        var literal = new StringBuilder(input.Length + 2);
        literal.Append("\"");
        foreach (var c in input)
        {
            switch (c)
            {
                case '\'': literal.Append(@"\'"); break;
                case '\"': literal.Append("\\\""); break;
                case '\\': literal.Append(@"\\"); break;
                case '\0': literal.Append(@"\0"); break;
                case '\a': literal.Append(@"\a"); break;
                case '\b': literal.Append(@"\b"); break;
                case '\f': literal.Append(@"\f"); break;
                case '\n': literal.Append(@"\n"); break;
                case '\r': literal.Append(@"\r"); break;
                case '\t': literal.Append(@"\t"); break;
                case '\v': literal.Append(@"\v"); break;
                default:
                    if (Char.GetUnicodeCategory(c) != UnicodeCategory.Control)
                    {
                        literal.Append(c);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        literal.Append(@"\u");
                        literal.Append(((ushort)c).ToString("x4"));
                    }
                    break;
            }
        }
        literal.Append("\"");
        return literal.ToString();
    }
}

答案 9 :(得分:2)

我尝试将ToVerbatim添加到 Hallgrim&#39> 上面的答案:

private static string ToLiteral(string input)
{
    using (var writer = new StringWriter())
    {
        using (var provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp"))
        {
            provider.GenerateCodeFromExpression(new CodePrimitiveExpression(input), writer, new CodeGeneratorOptions { IndentString = "\t" });
            var literal = writer.ToString();
            literal = literal.Replace(string.Format("\" +{0}\t\"", Environment.NewLine), "");           
            return literal;
        }
    }
}

private static string ToVerbatim( string input )
{
    string literal = ToLiteral( input );
    string verbatim = "@" + literal.Replace( @"\r\n", Environment.NewLine );
    return verbatim;
}

答案 10 :(得分:1)

public static class StringEscape
{
  static char[] toEscape = "\0\x1\x2\x3\x4\x5\x6\a\b\t\n\v\f\r\xe\xf\x10\x11\x12\x13\x14\x15\x16\x17\x18\x19\x1a\x1b\x1c\x1d\x1e\x1f\"\\".ToCharArray();
  static string[] literals = @"\0,\x0001,\x0002,\x0003,\x0004,\x0005,\x0006,\a,\b,\t,\n,\v,\f,\r,\x000e,\x000f,\x0010,\x0011,\x0012,\x0013,\x0014,\x0015,\x0016,\x0017,\x0018,\x0019,\x001a,\x001b,\x001c,\x001d,\x001e,\x001f".Split(new char[] { ',' });

  public static string Escape(this string input)
  {
    int i = input.IndexOfAny(toEscape);
    if (i < 0) return input;

    var sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder(input.Length + 5);
    int j = 0;
    do
    {
      sb.Append(input, j, i - j);
      var c = input[i];
      if (c < 0x20) sb.Append(literals[c]); else sb.Append(@"\").Append(c);
    } while ((i = input.IndexOfAny(toEscape, j = ++i)) > 0);

    return sb.Append(input, j, input.Length - j).ToString();
  }
}

答案 11 :(得分:0)

如果JSON约定足以用于未转义的字符串,那么您想转义,并且已经在项目中使用Newtonsoft.Json(开销非常大),则可以使用以下程序包:

using System;
using Newtonsoft.Json;

public class Program
{
    public static void Main()
    {
    Console.WriteLine(ToLiteral( @"abc\n123") );
    }

    private static string ToLiteral(string input){
        return JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<string>("\"" + input + "\"");
    }
}

答案 12 :(得分:0)

Hallgrim的回答非常好。如果您需要使用c#正则表达式解析其他空格字符和换行符,请稍作调整。在将序列化的Json值插入到Google表格中的情况下,我需要这样做,并且在代码插入制表符,+,空格等时遇到麻烦。

  provider.GenerateCodeFromExpression(new CodePrimitiveExpression(input), writer, null);
  var literal = writer.ToString();
  var r2 = new Regex(@"\"" \+.\n[\s]+\""", RegexOptions.ECMAScript);
  literal = r2.Replace(literal, "");
  return literal;

答案 13 :(得分:0)

Roslyn的Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp包中的nuget中有一种解决方法:

    private static string ToLiteral(string valueTextForCompiler)
    {
        return Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp.SymbolDisplay.FormatLiteral(valueTextForCompiler, false);
    }

在最初提出问题时,这显然并不存在,但可能会帮助那些从Google来到这里的人。

答案 14 :(得分:-1)

我提交了自己的实现,它处理null值,并且由于使用了数组查找表,手动十六进制转换和避免switch语句而应该更高效。

using System;
using System.Text;
using System.Linq;

public static class StringLiteralEncoding {
  private static readonly char[] HEX_DIGIT_LOWER = "0123456789abcdef".ToCharArray();
  private static readonly char[] LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS;

  static StringLiteralEncoding() {
    // Per http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/h21280bw.aspx
    var escapes = new string[] { "\aa", "\bb", "\ff", "\nn", "\rr", "\tt", "\vv", "\"\"", "\\\\", "??", "\00" };
    LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS = new char[escapes.Max(e => e[0]) + 1];
    foreach(var escape in escapes)
      LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS[escape[0]] = escape[1];
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// Convert the string to the equivalent C# string literal, enclosing the string in double quotes and inserting
  /// escape sequences as necessary.
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="s">The string to be converted to a C# string literal.</param>
  /// <returns><paramref name="s"/> represented as a C# string literal.</returns>
  public static string Encode(string s) {
    if(null == s) return "null";

    var sb = new StringBuilder(s.Length + 2).Append('"');
    for(var rp = 0; rp < s.Length; rp++) {
      var c = s[rp];
      if(c < LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS.Length && '\0' != LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS[c])
        sb.Append('\\').Append(LITERALENCODE_ESCAPE_CHARS[c]);
      else if('~' >= c && c >= ' ')
        sb.Append(c);
      else
        sb.Append(@"\x")
          .Append(HEX_DIGIT_LOWER[c >> 12 & 0x0F])
          .Append(HEX_DIGIT_LOWER[c >>  8 & 0x0F])
          .Append(HEX_DIGIT_LOWER[c >>  4 & 0x0F])
          .Append(HEX_DIGIT_LOWER[c       & 0x0F]);
    }

    return sb.Append('"').ToString();
  }
}

答案 15 :(得分:-7)

<强>代码:

string someString1 = "\tHello\r\n\tWorld!\r\n";
string someString2 = @"\tHello\r\n\tWorld!\r\n";

Console.WriteLine(someString1);
Console.WriteLine(someString2);

<强>输出:

    Hello
    World!

\tHello\r\n\tWorld!\r\n

这是你想要的吗?