将姓氏,名字和后缀提取到单独的列中

时间:2015-09-02 21:59:39

标签: sql sql-server sql-server-2012

我想知道是否有人可以提供一种简单的方法将名称提取到不同的列中,如下所示。在名字,中间名和后缀之间的姓氏和空格后面有一个逗号。非常感谢。

存储数据:

Name
Walker,James M JR
Smith,Jack P
Smith,Whitney

必填结果:

LastName   FirstName   Suffix
Walker     James       JR
Smith      Jack
Smith      Whitney

尝试过的代码:

select top 5 Name,
LEFT(Name, CHARINDEX(',', Name) - 1) AS LastName,
right(Name, len(Name) - CHARINDEX(',', Name)) as FirstName

将First Name与Middle Initial和Suffix分开时遇到问题。然后从右边的最后一个空格获得后缀。

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:0)

您确实应该将名称的这些部分存储在单独的列(第一个普通表单)中,以避免这种解析。

您可以将所有逻辑放入一个嵌套函数的大调用中,但使用CROSS APPLY将它们分成单个调用非常方便。

解析很简单:

  • 找到逗号的位置
  • 在逗号(LastName)和部分AfterComma
  • 之前将字符串拆分为部分
  • 在第二部分AfterComma
  • 中找到第一个空格的位置
  • 再次将字符串分成两部分 - 这会提供FirstName,其余部分(AfterSpace
  • AfterSpace
  • 中找到空间位置
  • 再次将字符串拆分为两部分 - 这会提供InitialSuffix

查询还检查CHARINDEX的结果 - 如果找不到字符串,则返回0.

显然,如果字符串值不是预期的格式,您将得到不正确的结果。

DECLARE @T TABLE (Name varchar(8000));
INSERT INTO @T (Name) VALUES
('Walker'),
('Walker,James M JR'),
('Smith,Jack P'),
('Smith,Whitney');

SELECT
    Name
    ,LastName
    ,AfterComma
    ,FirstName
    ,AfterSpace
    ,MidInitial
    ,Suffix
FROM
    @T
    CROSS APPLY (SELECT CHARINDEX(',', Name) AS CommaPosition) AS CA_CP
    CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE WHEN CommaPosition > 0 THEN 
        LEFT(Name, CommaPosition - 1) ELSE Name END AS LastName) AS CA_LN
    CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE WHEN CommaPosition > 0 THEN 
        SUBSTRING(Name, CommaPosition + 1, 8000) ELSE '' END AS AfterComma) AS CA_AC

    CROSS APPLY (SELECT CHARINDEX(' ', AfterComma) AS SpacePosition) AS CA_SP
    CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE WHEN SpacePosition > 0 THEN 
        LEFT(AfterComma, SpacePosition - 1) ELSE AfterComma END AS FirstName) AS CA_FN
    CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE WHEN SpacePosition > 0 THEN 
        SUBSTRING(AfterComma, SpacePosition + 1, 8000) ELSE '' END AS AfterSpace) AS CA_AS

    CROSS APPLY (SELECT CHARINDEX(' ', AfterSpace) AS Space2Position) AS CA_S2P
    CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE WHEN Space2Position > 0 THEN 
        LEFT(AfterSpace, Space2Position - 1) ELSE AfterSpace END AS MidInitial) AS CA_MI
    CROSS APPLY (SELECT CASE WHEN Space2Position > 0 THEN 
        SUBSTRING(AfterSpace, Space2Position + 1, 8000) ELSE '' END AS Suffix) AS CA_S

<强>结果

Name                 LastName    AfterComma    FirstName    AfterSpace  MidInitial  Suffix
Walker               Walker
Walker,James M JR    Walker      James M JR    James        M JR        M           JR
Smith,Jack P         Smith       Jack P        Jack         P           P
Smith,Whitney        Smith       Whitney       Whitney