我有一个字典teacher
,其中包含嵌套的字典列表。我正在尝试使用递归函数为Joe Bloggs的所有同事和同事提取set
个名称。
teacher = {'age': 27,
'name': 'Joe Bloggs',
'colleagues': [{'age': 34,
'name': 'Tim Smith',
'colleagues': [{'age': 39,
'name': 'Linda Smith',
'colleagues': [{'age': 41,
'name': 'Belinda Barker',
'colleagues': []}]},
{'age': 33,
'name': 'Kelly Brooker',
'colleagues': []},
{'age': 44,
'name': 'Duncan Turnbull',
'colleagues': []}]},
{'age': 29,
'name': 'Jenna French',
'colleagues': []}]}
期望的输出:
{'Tim Smith', 'Linda Smith', 'Belinda Barker',
'Kelly Brooker', 'Duncan Turnbull', 'Jenna French'}
请注意,输出不需要按任何特定顺序排列,因为它是set
。与递归函数的情况一样,如果没有实际找到解决方案,很难“取得进展”。到目前为止,我有一个递归函数,它接受两个参数,但不知道如何设置我的函数来生成所需的结果:
def names(teacher, colleagues=None):
答案 0 :(得分:2)
你可以在集合理解中做到这一点;循环包括colleagues
列表中的所有名称以及它们的递归同事名称:
def names(teacher):
return {name for c in teacher['colleagues'] for name in {c['name']} | names(c)}
您还可以将其表达为直接名称集和递归调用的并集:
def names(teacher):
direct = {c['name'] for c in teacher['colleagues']}
return direct.union(*(names(c) for c in teacher['colleagues']))
演示:
>>> def names(teacher):
... return {name for c in teacher['colleagues'] for name in {c['name']} | names(c)}
...
>>> names(teacher)
{'Tim Smith', 'Belinda Barker', 'Kelly Brooker', 'Duncan Turnbull', 'Jenna French', 'Linda Smith'}
>>> def names(teacher):
... direct = {c['name'] for c in teacher['colleagues']}
... return direct.union(*(names(c) for c in teacher['colleagues']))
...
>>> names(teacher)
{'Tim Smith', 'Belinda Barker', 'Linda Smith', 'Kelly Brooker', 'Duncan Turnbull', 'Jenna French'}