Spring MVC测试失败了

时间:2015-09-02 08:32:50

标签: java spring spring-mvc spring-mvc-test spring-ioc

我正在尝试运行Spring MVC测试但仍然遇到此异常。

org.springframework.web.util.NestedServletException:请求处理失败;嵌套异常是java.lang.NullPointerException

由于自动连接的依赖项

,因此发生了异常
    @Autowired
    private AccountService accountService;

没有被注入测试(在测试之外工作正常)。

任何人都可以帮助我。这是我的代码:

// AccountControllerITest Class

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = MockServletContext.class)
@WebAppConfiguration
public class AccountControllerITest {

private MockMvc mvc;

ObjectMapper om;

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
    mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new AccountController()).build();
}

@Test
public void getAccounts() throws Exception {
    MvcResult mvcResult =     mvc.perform(MockMvcRequestBuilders.get("/api/accounts"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andReturn();
}    
}

}

//的AccountController

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/api/accounts")
public class AccountController {

@Autowired
private AccountService accountService;

@RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET)
public ResponseEntity<Set<AccountInfo>> getAccounts(@RequestParam(value = "firstName", required = false) String firstName,
                                                    @RequestParam(value = "surName", required = false)  String surName) {
    Set<AccountInfo> accounts = accountService.getAccounts(firstName, surName);
    return new ResponseEntity<>(accounts, HttpStatus.OK);
}

}

感谢您的帮助!

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:1)

因为您使用的是独立设置:mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(new AccountController()).build();。如果您通过new AccountController()创建控制器,则Spring没有机会注入accountService,因为它不控制实例创建和连线。

您有两种选择:

  1. 将测试切换到单元测试,不要使用SpringJUnit4ClassRunnerMockServletContext 所有。您可以使用@InjectMocks注入私人accountService

    public class AccountControllerITest {
    
        private MockMvc mvc;
    
        ObjectMapper om;
    
        @Mock
        private AccountController accountController = new AccountController();
    
        @InjectMocks
        private AccountService accountService = new Mockito.mock(AccountService.class);
    
        @Before
        public void setUp() throws Exception {
            mvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(accountController).build();
        }
    

    您还可以对控制器应用增强功能。使用构造函数注入替换字段注入,您可以通过测试中的构造函数将accountService传递给控制器​​。这样您根本不需要使用@InjectMocks

  2. 使用webAppContext设置:

    @Autowired
    private WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;
    
    @BeforeMethod
    public void init() {
        mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
    }
    

答案 1 :(得分:1)

您需要配置测试以注入自动装配的属性。请参阅以下代码块:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration
public class AccountControllerITest {

    // ... your test code

    @Configuration
    public static class YourConfiguration {

        @Bean
        AccountService accountService() {
            // init and return your AccountService
        }
    }
}

您可以使用Mockito初始化AccountService