我正在尝试使用二叉搜索树来平衡，我知道它为什么不起作用，但我不知道如何修复它。 我直接在insert方法中进行平衡。 我用了一些斜线来说明平衡应该发生在哪里。 像这样代码不起作用，我得到这个例外：
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
at Baueme.Treee.insert(Treee.java:54)
at Baueme.Treee.insert(Treee.java:18)
at Baueme.TestTheTree.main(TestTheTree.java:12)
当我插入没有平衡everthing是好的。
public class Node {
public Node left, right, parent;
public int value;
public Node (Node parent, int i) {
this.parent = parent;
this.value = i;
}
public int height() {
int l = 0;
int r = 0;
if (this.left != null) {
l = this.left.height() +1;
}
if (this.right != null) {
r = this.right.height() +1;
}
return Math.max(l,r);
}
}
public class Tree {
Node root;
public Tree() {
root = null;
}
public void insert (int value) {
if (root == null) {
root = new Node(null, value);
}
else {
insert(root, value);
}
}
private void insert (Node parent, int value) {
if (parent.value >= value) {
if (parent.left == null) {
parent.left = new Node (parent, value);
}
else {
insert(parent.left, value);
/////////////////////////
if ( parent.left.height() - parent.right.height() == 2) {
if (value - parent.left.value < 0) {
parent = rotateWithLeftChild(parent);
}
else {
parent = doubleRotateWithRightChild(parent);
}
}
/////////////////////////
}
}
else {
if (parent.right == null) {
parent.right = new Node (parent, value);
}
else {
insert(parent.right, value);
/////////////////////////
if ( parent.left.height() - parent.right.height() == -2) {
if (value - parent.right.value > 0) {
parent = rotateWithRightChild(parent);
}
else {
parent = doubleRotateWithLeftChild(parent);
}
}
/////////////////////////
}
}
}
public int quantity() {
if (root == null) {
return 0;
}
else {
return 1 + quantity(root.left) + quantity(root.right);
}
}
public int quantity (Node parent) {
if (parent == null) {
return 0;
}
else {
return 1 + quantity(parent.left) + quantity(parent.right);
}
}
public int height () {
int l = 0;
int r = 0;
if ( root.left != null) {
l = height(root.left) + 1;
}
if (root.right != null) {
r = height(root.right) +1;
}
return (Math.max(l,r));
}
private int height (Node parent) {
int l = 0;
int r = 0;
if ( parent.left != null) {
l = height(parent.left) + 1;
}
if (parent.right != null) {
r = height(parent.right) +1;
}
return (Math.max(l,r));
}
public String toString () {
if (root == null) {
return "empty tree";
}
else {
return toString(root.left) + " ; " + root.value + " ; " + toString(root.right);
}
}
private String toString (Node parent) {
if (parent == null) {
return "";
}
else {
return toString(parent.left) + " ; " + parent.value
+ " ; " + toString(parent.right);
}
}
private String toString (Node parent) {
if (parent == null) {
return "";
}
else {
return toString(parent.left) + " ; " + parent.value
+ " ; " + toString(parent.right);
}
}
private Node rotateWithLeftChild (Node k2) {
Node k1 = k2.left;
k2.left = k1.right;
k1.right = k2;
return k1;
}
private Node rotateWithRightChild (Node k1) {
Node k2 = k1.right;
k1.right = k2.left;
k2.left = k1;
return k2;
}
private Node doubleRotateWithRightChild (Node k3) {
k3.left = rotateWithRightChild(k3.left);
return rotateWithLeftChild(k3);
}
private Node doubleRotateWithLeftChild (Node k1) {
k1.right = rotateWithLeftChild(k1.right);
return rotateWithRightChild(k1);
}
}
public class TestTheTree {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Treee temp = new Treee();
temp.insert(10);
temp.insert(20);
temp.insert(30);
System.out.println(temp.toString());
}
}
答案 0 :(得分：1)
您正在访问空节点。插入第三个节点（值为30）没有任何问题，但是此时只有正确的子节点存在于树中（您添加了一个值为10的节点，它成为根，然后您添加了一个节点值为20，它将成为根的右子节点，然后添加值为30的节点，该节点将成为节点的右子节点，值为20）。
因此，由于只有正确的子代，当您尝试访问parent.left时，它将为null。因此，当您尝试平衡树时，应添加一些逻辑以确保parent.left和parent.right不为null。我在Tree.java文件中添加了一些代码以帮助您入门。但是，看起来您可能会遇到一些其他问题需要处理，因为在我下面粘贴的代码的第67行中，您尝试访问'parent.right.value＆＃39;没有任何代码，以确保'parent.right＆＃39;不是空的。我还留下了用于调试代码的打印语句，以帮助您自己调试它。
public class Tree {
Node root;
public Tree() {
root = null;
}
public void insert (int value) {
if (root == null) {
root = new Node(null, value);
}
else {
insert(root, value);
}
}
private void insert (Node parent, int value) {
if (parent.value >= value) {
if (parent.left == null) {
parent.left = new Node (parent, value);
}
else {
insert(parent.left, value);
/////////////////////////
if ( parent.left.height() - parent.right.height() == 2) {
if (value - parent.left.value < 0) {
parent = rotateWithLeftChild(parent);
}
else {
parent = doubleRotateWithRightChild(parent);
}
}
/////////////////////////
}
}
else {
if (parent.right == null) {
parent.right = new Node (parent, value);
System.out.println("Node inserted as a right child.");
}
else {
System.out.println("We are in the insert method, before the recursive call");
insert(parent.right, value);
System.out.println("We are in the insert method, after the recursive call");
/////////////////////////
System.out.println("parent" + parent);
System.out.println("parent.value " + parent.value);
System.out.println("parent.left " + parent.left);
System.out.println("parent.right " + parent.right);
int leftHeight = 0;
int rightHeight = 0;
if( parent.left != null )
leftHeight = parent.left.height();
if( parent.right != null )
rightHeight = parent.right.height();
if ( leftHeight - rightHeight == -2) {
if (value - parent.right.value > 0) {
parent = rotateWithRightChild(parent);
}
else {
parent = doubleRotateWithLeftChild(parent);
}
}
/////////////////////////
}
}
}
public int quantity() {
if (root == null) {
return 0;
}
else {
return 1 + quantity(root.left) + quantity(root.right);
}
}
public int quantity (Node parent) {
if (parent == null) {
return 0;
}
else {
return 1 + quantity(parent.left) + quantity(parent.right);
}
}
public int height () {
int l = 0;
int r = 0;
if ( root.left != null) {
l = height(root.left) + 1;
}
if (root.right != null) {
r = height(root.right) +1;
}
return (Math.max(l,r));
}
private int height (Node parent) {
int l = 0;
int r = 0;
if ( parent.left != null) {
l = height(parent.left) + 1;
}
if (parent.right != null) {
r = height(parent.right) +1;
}
return (Math.max(l,r));
}
public String toString () {
if (root == null) {
return "empty tree";
}
else {
return toString(root.left) + " ; " + root.value + " ; " + toString(root.right);
}
}
private String toString (Node parent) {
if (parent == null) {
return "";
}
else {
return toString(parent.left) + " ; " + parent.value
+ " ; " + toString(parent.right);
}
}
private Node rotateWithLeftChild (Node k2) {
Node k1 = k2.left;
k2.left = k1.right;
k1.right = k2;
return k1;
}
private Node rotateWithRightChild (Node k1) {
Node k2 = k1.right;
k1.right = k2.left;
k2.left = k1;
return k2;
}
private Node doubleRotateWithRightChild (Node k3) {
k3.left = rotateWithRightChild(k3.left);
return rotateWithLeftChild(k3);
}
private Node doubleRotateWithLeftChild (Node k1) {
k1.right = rotateWithLeftChild(k1.right);
return rotateWithRightChild(k1);
}
}