Homebrew：如何列出已安装的瓶子及其操作系统版本？

时间：2015-08-07 11:39:18

标签： macos homebrew

我最近将Mac OS X升级为优胜美地，我想确保我目前安装的每个包都是Yosemite瓶。

如何列出已安装的瓶子及其操作系统版本，以便最终卸载/安装它们？

编辑点击字符串“bottled”将无法正常工作，因为如果有一个瓶子可用于包，它仍然存在，但您仍然可以从源代码编译。例如，我刚刚从源代码构建了yasm，brew info yasm返回：

yasm: stable 1.3.0 (bottled), HEAD
Modular BSD reimplementation of NASM
http://yasm.tortall.net/
/usr/local/Cellar/yasm/1.3.0 (44 files, 3.3M) *
  Built from source
[...]

2 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分：2)

列出所有瓶装公式的最快方法是直接query brew info --json的JSON输出（这需要jq）：

brew info --json=v1 --installed | jq -r "map(select(.installed[].poured_from_bottle) | .name) | unique | .[]"

在这里，brew info --json=v1 --installed为所有已安装的公式提供JSON格式的信息。 jq处理此操作（将其不带参数用于美化输出）。 select(.installed[].poured_from_bottle)选择至少安装了一个瓶装版本的每个公式，map(... | .name)返回关联的名称。 | unique确保在安装了多个瓶装版本的情况下，公式名称仅返回一次，| .[]将返回的名称数组分成一个列表，每个列表在单独的行中，并且{ {1}}去除JSON输出中的引号，留下可以传递给其他Shell命令的格式。

每次都要记住这有点复杂，但是您可以将此命令放入shell脚本中：

-r

将其命名为#!/bin/bash #: * `bottled` [<options>]: #: #: List all bottled formulae which are currently installed. #: #: --versions Show the version number for bottled #: formulae #: -h, --help Show this message. #: #: (`brew bottled` requires `jq`. Use `brew install jq` to install.) if type jq &>/dev/null; then case $1 in --versions) brew info --json=v1 --installed | \ jq -r "map(select(.installed[].poured_from_bottle) | .name + \" \" + .installed[].version) | .[]" ;; *) brew info --json=v1 --installed | \ jq -r "map(select(.installed[].poured_from_bottle) | .name) | unique | .[]" ;; esac exit $? else echo '`brew bottled` requires jq. Use `brew install jq` to install.' exit 1 fi ，使其可执行（brew-bottled）并将其放置在路径中的某个位置（例如chmod a+x brew-bottled）。现在，您可以将其与/usr/local/bin一起称为external command，以列出您的瓶装公式。 （作为额外的奖励，brew bottled开关将包含版本信息，类似于--versions，包括相同公式的多个瓶装版本。）

因此，如果您想从源代码中重建所有瓶装公式，则可以通过brew list --versions将其通过管道传递给

xargs

（离开brew bottled | xargs brew reinstall -s 可以简单地重新安装当前的OS瓶。）

不幸的是，似乎无法确定当前安装了哪个macOS版本的瓶子，因此您可以肯定地重新安装所有瓶装公式。

答案 1 :(得分：1)

更新了答案

INSTALL_RECEIPT.json内的每个homebrew包中似乎都有/usr/local/Cellar，例如这适用于OpenCV 

/usr/local/Cellar/opencv/2.4.12/INSTALL_RECEIPT.json

它是标准的JSON，因此您可以像这样解析它而无需其他工具：

python -mjson.tool /usr/local/Cellar/opencv/2.4.12/INSTALL_RECEIPT.json

你得到了这个 - 这可能有助于你的事业......也许。

    {
    "HEAD": "d60f75135ecf1a667539700ad7916cefbcc98480",
    "built_as_bottle": false,
    "compiler": "clang",
    "poured_from_bottle": false,
    "source": {
        "path": "/usr/local/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-science/opencv.rb",
        "spec": "stable",
        "tap": "homebrew/homebrew-science"
    },
    "stdlib": "libcxx",
    "time": 1444317226,
    "unused_options": [
        "--32-bit",
        "--with-java",
        "--with-qt",
        "--with-tbb",
        "--without-tests",
        "--without-opencl",
        "--with-cuda",
        "--with-quicktime",
        "--with-opengl",
        "--with-ximea",
        "--without-numpy",
        "--without-python",
        "--c++11",
        "--without-eigen",
        "--with-gstreamer",
        "--with-jasper",
        "--with-libdc1394",
        "--without-openexr",
        "--with-openni",
        "--with-ffmpeg"
    ],
    "used_options": []
}

您还可以以JSON格式获取brew info命令的输出，例如：

brew info imagemagick --json=v1 | jq "."
[
  {
    "name": "imagemagick",
    "full_name": "imagemagick",
    "desc": "Tools and libraries to manipulate images in many formats",
    "homepage": "http://www.imagemagick.org",
    "oldname": null,
    "versions": {
      "stable": "6.9.2-3",
      "bottle": true,
      "devel": null,
      "head": "HEAD"
    },
    "revision": 0,
    "installed": [
      {
        "version": "6.9.2-3",
        "used_options": [
          "--with-x11"
        ],
        "built_as_bottle": null,
        "poured_from_bottle": false
      }
    ],
    "linked_keg": "6.9.2-3",
    "keg_only": null,
    "dependencies": [
      "xz",
      "libtool",
      "pkg-config",
      "jpeg",
      "libpng",
      "libtiff",
      "freetype",
      "fontconfig",
      "little-cms",
      "little-cms2",
      "libwmf",
      "librsvg",
      "liblqr",
      "openexr",
      "ghostscript",
      "webp",
      "fftw",
      "pango"
    ],
    "conflicts_with": [],
    "caveats": null,
    "requirements": [
      {
        "name": "x11",
        "default_formula": null,
        "cask": "xquartz",
        "download": "https://xquartz.macosforge.org"
      }
    ],
    "options": [
      {
        "option": "--with-fftw",
        "description": "Compile with FFTW support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-hdri",
        "description": "Compile with HDRI support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-jp2",
        "description": "Compile with Jpeg2000 support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-openmp",
        "description": "Compile with OpenMP support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-perl",
        "description": "enable build/install of PerlMagick"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-quantum-depth-8",
        "description": "Compile with a quantum depth of 8 bit"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-quantum-depth-16",
        "description": "Compile with a quantum depth of 16 bit"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-quantum-depth-32",
        "description": "Compile with a quantum depth of 32 bit"
      },
      {
        "option": "--without-opencl",
        "description": "Disable OpenCL"
      },
      {
        "option": "--without-magick-plus-plus",
        "description": "disable build/install of Magick++"
      },
      {
        "option": "--without-jpeg",
        "description": "Build without jpeg support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--without-libpng",
        "description": "Build without libpng support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--without-libtiff",
        "description": "Build without libtiff support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--without-freetype",
        "description": "Build without freetype support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-x11",
        "description": "Build with x11 support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-fontconfig",
        "description": "Build with fontconfig support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-little-cms",
        "description": "Build with little-cms support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-little-cms2",
        "description": "Build with little-cms2 support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-libwmf",
        "description": "Build with libwmf support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-librsvg",
        "description": "Build with librsvg support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-liblqr",
        "description": "Build with liblqr support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-openexr",
        "description": "Build with openexr support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-ghostscript",
        "description": "Build with ghostscript support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-webp",
        "description": "Build with webp support"
      },
      {
        "option": "--with-pango",
        "description": "Build with pango support"
      }
    ],
    "bottle": {
      "stable": {
        "revision": 0,
        "cellar": "/usr/local/Cellar",
        "prefix": "/usr/local",
        "root_url": "https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles",
        "files": {
          "el_capitan": {
            "url": "https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/imagemagick-6.9.2-3.el_capitan.bottle.tar.gz",
            "sha256": "cd5edb53eae0271771df4a77a401a50e973b200ae875a04ef6a3f4d467ca2ef4"
          },
          "yosemite": {
            "url": "https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/imagemagick-6.9.2-3.yosemite.bottle.tar.gz",
            "sha256": "fbe139e4d7b540ce03fcde6a7735d9e79ed8652827cd7c877e551abcf804a494"
          },
          "mavericks": {
            "url": "https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/imagemagick-6.9.2-3.mavericks.bottle.tar.gz",
            "sha256": "99f2f95739d3ee11535fea62440f1608ce0ee1ef22bda2f878353360ab45e9cc"
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
]

原始答案

所以你想要的是不是从源头构建的瓶装包装。

# List all installed packages
for p in $(brew list); do
   # Get info about this particular one...
   # ... if bottled and not from source, print first line
   brew info $p | awk '/bottled/{p=$0} /Built from source/{p=""} END{if(length(p))print p}'
done

如果您没有安装太多软件包，您可能会放弃：

brew info $(brew list) | awk ...
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