Ruby / Rails如何在DateTime范围内迭代数月?

时间:2015-08-04 20:32:54

标签: ruby-on-rails ruby datetime iteration

我正在尝试根据Rails表中的数据构建图表:每个时间片段的销售产品数量。

因为图表应该能够显示最后一小时(以1分钟为单位),最后一天(以1小时为单位),最后一周(以1天为单位),最后一个月(以1为单位)我试图通过迭代一系列DateTime对象来减少代码重复:

# To prevent code-duplication, iterate over different time ranges.
times = {
    :hour=>{newer_than: 1.hour.ago, timestep: :minute},
    :day=>{newer_than: 1.day.ago, timestep: :hour},
    :week=>{newer_than: 1.week.ago, , timestep: :day},
    :month=>{newer_than: 1.week.ago, , timestep: :day}
}


products = Product.all

# Create symbols `:beginning_of_minute`, `:beginning_of_hour`, etc. These are used to group products and timestamps by.
times.each do|name, t| 
  t[:beginning_of] = ("beginning_of_" << t[:timestep].to_s).to_sym 
end 

graphs = times.map do |name, t|
   graphpoints = {}
   seconds_in_a_day = 1.day.to_f
   step_ratio = 1.send(t[:timestep]).ago.to_f / seconds_in_a_day
   time_enum = 1.send(t[:timestep]).ago.to_datetime.step(DateTime.now, step_ratio)
   time_enum.each do |timestep|
       graphpoints[time_moment.send(timehash[:beginning_of]).to_datetime] = []
   end

   # Load all products that are visible in this graph size
   visible_products = products.select {|p| p.created_at >= t.newer_than}
   # Group them per graph point
   grouped_products = visible_products.group_by {|item| item.created_at.send(timehash[:beginning_of]).to_datetime}

   graphpoints.merge!(grouped_products)

   {
      points: graphpoints,
      labels: graphpoints.keys
   }
end

此代码适用于具有恒定大小(小时,天,周)的所有时间间隔。但是,几个月来,它使用了30天的step_ratio:1.month / 1.day == 30。显然,月份的天数并不是一成不变的。在我的脚本中,这导致一个月可能被“跳过”,因此在图表中缺失。

如何解决这个问题?如何在保持月内不同天数的同时迭代数月?

1 个答案:

答案 0 :(得分:2)

使用groupdate gem。例如(文档中的修改示例):

visible_products = Product.where("created_at > ?", 1.week.ago).group_by_day

# {
#   2015-07-29 00:00:00 UTC => 50,
#   2013-07-30 00:00:00 UTC => 100,
#   2013-08-02 00:00:00 UTC => 34
# }

此外,这将更快,因为您的分组/计数将由数据库本身完成,而无需通过Product.all调用您的Rails代码传递所有记录,而无需创建ActiveRecord每个人的对象(甚至不相关)。