Question

我想为用户保留一些文件名（例如最近的文件）。

让我们使用六个示例文件：

c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\Budget.xls
c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\Application Data\uTorrent
c:\Documents & Settings\All Users\Application Data\Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
c:\Develop\readme.txt
c:\Program Files\Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

我现在正在硬编码特殊文件夹的路径。如果用户重定向其文件夹，漫游到另一台计算机或升级其操作系统，则路径将被破坏：

我希望成为一名优秀的开发人员，并将这些硬编码的绝对路径从相应的特殊文件夹转换为相对路径：< / p>

%CSIDL_Personal%\Budget.xls
%CSIDL_MyPictures%\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
%CSIDL_AppData%\uTorrent
%CSIDL_Common_AppData%\Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
c:\Develop\readme.txt
%CSIDL_Program_Files%\Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

困难在于同一文件可以存在多个表示，例如：

c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
%CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
%CSIDL_Personal%\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
%CSIDL_MyPictures%\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg

另请注意，在Windows XP中我的图片存储在中 My Documents：

%CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents
%CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents\My Pictures

但是在Vista / 7上它们是分开的：

%CSIDL_Profile%\Documents
%CSIDL_Profile%\Pictures

注意：我意识到语法 %CSIDL_xxx%\filename.ext无效;那 Windows不会扩展这些关键字就像他们是环境字符串。我只是用它作为一种方式来问这个题。在内部，我显然会以其他方式存储项目，可能是CSIDL 父项和路径的尾巴，例如：
 CSIDL_Personal         \Budget.xls
 CSIDL_MyPictures       \Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
 CSIDL_AppData          \uTorrent
 CSIDL_Common_AppData   \Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
 -1                     c:\Develop\readme.txt   (-1, since 0 is a valid csidl)
 CSIDL_Program_Files    \Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

问题是，如何尽可能多地使用相对于规范特殊文件夹的路径？

我在想：

void CanonicalizeSpecialPath(String path, ref CSLID cslid, ref String relativePath)
{
   return "todo";
}

另见

MSDN：CSIDL Enumeration
New Old Thing：Beware of roaming user profiles
New Old Thing：Beware of redirected folders, too
MSDN：PathCanonicalize Function

Answer 1

我想您可以了解CSIDL如何映射到路径（使用SHGetKnownFolderPath之类的东西），构建它们的反向字典，然后检查要存储的路径的开头是否与任何键匹配在字典中，然后删除开头并存储匹配的CSIDL。

不是很优雅，但它应该完成工作。

Answer 2

function CanonicalizeSpecialPath(const path: string): string;
var
    s: string;
    BestPrefix: string;
    BestCSIDL: Integer;
    i: Integer;
begin
    BestPrefix := ''; //Start with no csidl being the one
    BestCSIDL := 0;

    //Iterate over the csidls i know about today for Windows XP.    
    for i := Low(csidls) to High(csidls) do
    begin
       //Get the path of this csidl. If the OS doesn't understand it, it returns blank
       s := GetSpecialFolderPath(0, i, False);
       if s = '' then
          Continue;

       //Don't do a string search unless this candidate is larger than what we have
       if (BestPrefix='') or (Length(s) > Length(BestPrefix)) then
       begin
          //The special path must be at the start of our string
          if Pos(s, Path) = 1 then //1=start
          begin
             //This is the best csidl we have so far
             BestPrefix := s;
             BestCSIDL := i;
          end;
       end;
    end;

    //If we found nothing useful, then return the original string
    if BestPrefix = '' then
    begin
       Result := Path;
       Exit;
    end;

    {
       Return the canonicalized path as pseudo-environment string, e.g.:

           %CSIDL_PERSONAL%\4th quarter.xls
    }
    Result := '%'+CsidlToStr(BestCSIDL)+'%'+Copy(Path, Length(BestPrefix)+1, MaxInt);
end;

然后有一个“扩展”特殊环境关键字的功能：

function ExpandSpecialPath(const path: string): string;
begin
   ...
end;

扩展：

%CSIDL_PERSONAL%\4th quarter.xls

到

\\RoamingProfileServ\Users\ian\My Documents\4th quarter.xls

它通过在字符串的开头查找％xx％并展开它来实现。

Windows：如何将文件规范化为特殊文件夹？

另见

2 个答案: