我有以下代码：
import os
from ghost import Ghost
import urlparse, urllib
import SimpleHTTPServer
import SocketServer
import sys, traceback
from threading import Thread, Event
from time import sleep
please_die = Event() # this is my enemy
httpd = None
PORT = 8001
address = 'http://localhost:'+str(PORT)+'/'
search_dir = './category'
def main():
"""
basic run script routine,
FIXME: is supossed to exits gracefully
"""
thread = Thread(target = simpleServe)
try:
thread.start()
run()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print "Shutdown requested"
except Exception:
traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stdout)
shutdown()
sys.exit(0)
def shutdown():
global httpd
global please_die
print "Shutting down"
# A try - except for the shutdown routine
try:
please_die.wait() # how do you do?
httpd.shutdown() # Please! I whant to run you multiple times.
print "Have you died?"
except Exception:
traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stdout)
def path2url(path):
"""
constructs an url from a relative path / concatenates the global address
variable with the path given
"""
global address
return urlparse.urljoin(address, urllib.pathname2url(path))
def simpleServe():
global httpd, PORT
please_die.set() # Attaching the event to this thread
# Start the service
Handler = SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler
httpd = SocketServer.TCPServer(("", PORT), Handler)
print "serving at port", PORT
# And loop infinetly in the hope that I can stop you later
httpd.serve_forever()
def run():
global search_dir;
ghost = Ghost() # the webkit facade
with ghost.start() as session:
session.set_viewport_size(2560, 1600) # "retina" size
for directory, subdirectories, files in os.walk(search_dir):
for file in files:
path = os.path.join(directory, file)
urlPath = path2url(path)
process(session, urlPath);
def process(session, urlPath):
page, resources = session.open(urlPath)
assert page.http_status == 200
# ... other asserts here
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
我们的想法是制作一个脚本，启动一个简单的http服务器＆＃34;，对它做一些请求，然后退出。
第一次运行没有任何问题：
...
127.0.0.1 - - [31/Jul/2015 13:16:17] "GET /category/52003.html HTTP/1.1" 200 -
127.0.0.1 - - [31/Jul/2015 13:16:17] "GET /category/52003.html HTTP/1.1" 200 -
127.0.0.1 - - [31/Jul/2015 13:16:17] "GET /category/52003.html HTTP/1.1" 200 -
127.0.0.1 - - [31/Jul/2015 13:16:17] "GET /static/img/glyphicons-halflings.png HTTP/1.1" 200 -
Shutting down
Have you died?
第二次发动崩溃说：
地址已在使用
Exception in thread Thread-1:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/threading.py", line 810, in __bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/threading.py", line 763, in run
self.__target(*self.__args, **self.__kwargs)
File "download-images.py", line 51, in simpleServe
httpd = SocketServer.TCPServer(("", PORT), Handler)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/SocketServer.py", line 420, in __init__
self.server_bind()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/SocketServer.py", line 434, in server_bind
self.socket.bind(self.server_address)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/socket.py", line 228, in meth
return getattr(self._sock,name)(*args)
error: [Errno 98] Address already in use
如果我杀死所有python进程而不是脚本再次运行，并且因为我假设我使用了错误的线程，但我找不到。
忘记提及，
我的操作系统是：
$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 15.04
Release: 15.04
Codename: vivid
我使用的python是：
$ python --version
Python 2.7.9
$ netstat -putelan | grep 8001打印：
$ netstat -putelan | grep 8001
(Not all processes could be identified, non-owned process info
cp 0 0 127.0.0.1:34691 127.0.0.1:8001 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8001 127.0.0.1:34866 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:34798 127.0.0.1:8001 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8001 127.0.0.1:34588 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:34647 127.0.0.1:8001 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:34915 127.0.0.1:8001 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:34674 127.0.0.1:8001 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:34451 127.0.0.1:8001 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8001 127.0.0.1:34930 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8001 127.0.0.1:34606 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:34505 127.0.0.1:8001 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:34717 127.0.0.1:8001 TIME_WAIT 0 0 -
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8001 127.0.0.1:34670 0 0 127.0.0.1:8001 127.0.0.1:34626
...
我无法发布整个序列（由于stackoverflow的后限制）。其余部分与34 ***端口以8001端口混合均匀顺序相同。
答案 0 :(得分：10)
正如@LFJ所说，这可能是由allow_reuse_address的{{1}}属性造成的。
TCPServer等效代码：
httpd = SocketServer.TCPServer(("", PORT), Handler, bind_and_activate=False)
httpd.allow_reuse_address = True
try:
httpd.server_bind()
httpd.server_activate()
except:
httpd.server_close()
raise
让我们解释一下原因。
启用SocketServer.TCPServer.allow_reuse_address = True
https = SocketServer.TCPServer(("", PORT), Handler)
时，它会在套接字上添加一个选项：
TCPServer.allow_reuse_address什么是class TCPServer:
[...]
def server_bind(self):
if self.allow_reuse_address:
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
[...]
？
socket.SO_REUSEADDR
实际上，它允许重用套接字套接字绑定地址。如果另一个进程在套接字未侦听时尝试绑定，则允许该进程使用此套接字绑定地址。
您需要启用该功能的原因是您没有正确关闭This socket option tells the kernel that even if this port is busy (in
the TIME_WAIT state), go ahead and reuse it anyway. If it is busy,
but with another state, you will still get an address already in use
error. It is useful if your server has been shut down, and then
restarted right away while sockets are still active on its port. You
should be aware that if any unexpected data comes in, it may confuse
your server, but while this is possible, it is not likely.
。为了正确关闭它，您必须运行TCPServer方法，该方法将关闭shutdown启动的线程，然后通过调用server_forever方法正确关闭套接字。
server_close答案 1 :(得分：3)
我看到了TCPServer源代码：
def server_bind(self):
"""Called by constructor to bind the socket.
May be overridden.
"""
if self.allow_reuse_address:
self.socket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
self.socket.bind(self.server_address)
self.server_address = self.socket.getsockname()
allow_reuse_address应设置为befor bind。所以试试这个：
SocketServer.TCPServer.allow_reuse_address=True
httpd = SocketServer.TCPServer(("", PORT), Handler)
答案 2 :(得分：2)
关闭后您没有清理服务器。这意味着你要留下死的套接字资源，操作系统在进程结束后不会立即清理。
在致电httpd.server_close()后，您需要在finally块中致电httpd.serve_forever()。此调用告诉操作系统释放可能与给定服务器实例关联的所有资源。
try:
httpd.serve_forever()
finally:
httpd.server_close()