Question

I'm running a number of Google Compute Engine instances that run Python code, and I want to find the name or the ID of each instance from inside the instances.

One solution I've found is to get the internal IP of the instance using:

import socket
internal_ip = socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())

Then I list all the instances:

from oauth2client.client import GoogleCredentials
from googleapiclient.discovery import build

credentials = GoogleCredentials.get_application_default()
self.compute = build('compute', 'v1', credentials=credentials)
result = self.compute.instances().list(project=project, zone=zone).execute()

Then I iterate over all the instances to check if the internal IP matches the IP of an instance:

for instance in result["items"]:
    if instance["networkInterfaces"][0]["networkIP"] == internal_ip:
        internal_id = instance["id"]

This works but it's a bit complicated, is there a more direct way to achieve the same thing, e.g. using Google's Python Client Library or the gcloud command line tool?

Answer 1

实例名称：

socket.gethostname()或platform.node()应返回实例的名称。您可能需要根据您的操作系统进行一些解析。

这对我在Debian和Ubuntu系统上有用：

import socket
gce_name = socket.gethostname()

但是，在CoreOS实例上，hostname命令给出了实例的名称和区域信息，因此您必须进行一些解析。

实例ID /名称/更多（推荐）：

更好的方法是使用Metadata server。这是获取实例信息的最简单方法，基本上适用于任何编程语言或直接CURL。这是一个使用Requests的Python示例。

import requests
metadata_server = "http://metadata/computeMetadata/v1/instance/"
metadata_flavor = {'Metadata-Flavor' : 'Google'}
gce_id = requests.get(metadata_server + 'id', headers = metadata_flavor).text
gce_name = requests.get(metadata_server + 'hostname', headers = metadata_flavor).text
gce_machine_type = requests.get(metadata_server + 'machine-type', headers = metadata_flavor).text

同样，您可能需要在此处进行一些解析，但这非常简单！

参考文献： How can I use Python to get the system hostname?

Answer 2

要获取实例名称，请从VM中执行以下操作：

curl http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/hostname -H Metadata-Flavor:Google

并获取您的实例ID：

curl http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/id -H Metadata-Flavor:Google

查看文档中其他可用参数：https://cloud.google.com/compute/docs/storing-retrieving-metadata#project_and_instance_metadata

Get the name or ID of the current Google Compute Instance

2 个答案: