专门为模板模板参数提供可变参数模板类

时间:2015-07-28 14:24:44

标签: c++ c++11 variadic-templates template-specialization

我有以下元结构模板,用于检查特定类型(KeyType)是否是参数包的一部分。

#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>

template<typename ...>
struct find_type : std::false_type {};

//specialization used if queried type is found
template<typename QueriedType>
struct find_type<QueriedType, QueriedType> : std::true_type {};

//specialization used if KeyType and ValueType not wrapped
template<typename QueriedType,
         typename KeyType,
         typename ValueType,
         typename... Remaining>
struct find_type<QueriedType, KeyType, ValueType, Remaining...>
{
    static const bool value =
        std::conditional<find_type<QueriedType, KeyType>::value,
                         std::true_type,
                         find_type<QueriedType, Remaining...>>::type::value;
};

//specialization used if KeyType and ValueType are wrapped inside e.g. std::pair
template<typename QueriedType,
         template<typename, typename> class C,
         typename KeyType,
         typename ValueType,
         typename ...Remaining>
struct find_type<QueriedType, C<KeyType, ValueType>, Remaining...> : 
    find_type<QueriedType, KeyType, ValueType, Remaining...>{};

//entry point
template<typename ...>
struct entry_find_type;

template<typename QueriedType,
         typename ...Remaining>
struct entry_find_type<QueriedType, std::tuple<Remaining...>> :
    find_type<QueriedType, Remaining...> {};

可能有更好的方法可以做到这一点,但在使用结构时我得到了一个有趣的行为。请考虑以下代码段。在第一个范围内,我触发find_type首先传递一个没有包装器的键值对,然后使用std::pair传递第二个键值对。编译好了。在第二个范围内,我使用相同的键值对触发find_type,只需使用未展开的键值对切换std::pair。由于模糊的特化(见下文),这会产生编译器错误。

class IFirstType
{
};

class ISecondType
{
};

class IDerived : public IFirstType, public ISecondType
{
};

int main(int argc, char*argv[])
{
  { //compiles fine
    typedef std::tuple<IFirstType, IDerived,
                       std::pair<ISecondType, IFirstType>>  tuple_type;
    typedef entry_find_type<ISecondType, tuple_type>        query_type;

    static const bool bFound = query_type::value;
  }

  { //compile error
    typedef std::tuple<std::pair<ISecondType, IFirstType>,
                       IFirstType, IDerived>                tuple_type;
    typedef entry_find_type<ISecondType, tuple_type>        query_type;

    //static const bool bFound = query_type::value; //<--- compiler error here
  }

  return 0;
}

编译器输出(gcc 4.9):

/tmp/gcc-explorer-compiler115628-35-8rkb3f/example.cpp: In instantiation of 'struct entry_find_type<ISecondType, std::tuple<std::pair<ISecondType, IFirstType>, IFirstType, IDerived> >':
69 : required from here
39 : error: ambiguous class template instantiation for 'struct find_type, IFirstType, IDerived>'
struct entry_find_type<QueriedType, std::tuple<Remaining...>> :
^
16 : error: candidates are: struct find_type
struct find_type<QueriedType, KeyType, ValueType, Remaining...>
^
30 : error: struct find_type, Remaining ...>
struct find_type<QueriedType, C<KeyType, ValueType>, Remaining...> :
^
39 : error: invalid use of incomplete type 'struct find_type, IFirstType, IDerived>'
struct entry_find_type<QueriedType, std::tuple<Remaining...>> :
^
5 : error: declaration of 'struct find_type, IFirstType, IDerived>'
struct find_type : std::false_type {};
^
/tmp/gcc-explorer-compiler115628-35-8rkb3f/example.cpp: In function 'int main(int, char**)':
69 : error: 'value' is not a member of 'query_type {aka entry_find_type, IFirstType, IDerived> >}'
static const bool bFound = query_type::value; //<--- compiler error here
^
Compilation failed

live example at gcc.godbolt.org

如果我理解正确,编译器应该在两种情况下选择相同的模板特化,但第二种情况不能编译。我希望编译器为std::pair的两种用法选择专用的模板模板参数版本。有人能告诉我我做错了吗?

0 个答案:

没有答案